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Lichen: from genome to ecosystem in a changing world 3A-P (3A-P5) Submission ID: IAL0057-00009 A PHYLOGENETIC STUDY OF THE ASPICILIA INTERMUTANS COMPLEX (MEGASPORACEAE) Sohrabi M. 1 , Sipman H. J. 2 , Roux C. 3 , Nordin A. 4 1 Botanical Museum, Department of Mycology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2 Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Freie Universität, Berlin, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany 3 Fr - 84120, Chemin des Vignes-Vieilles, Marseille, France 4 Museum of Evolution, Botany, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden The genus Aspicilia A. Massal. was recently redefined and distinguished from the closely related genera Circinaria, Lobothallia, Megaspora and Sagedia. Aspicilia s.str. (sensu Nordin et al. 2010) is defined by a set of morphological characters such as exclusively crustose, sometimes radiating thallus, 8-spored asci, ellipsoid to rarely globose spores, sized 10–30 x 8–20 µm. The conidia length is rather variable (11–40 µm). Aspicilin is absent and substictic acid a unique substance in the genus, though present only in few species. Following the new generic circumscription the taxonomic position of many species in Aspicilia has to be confirmed. The aim of our study is to examine the Aspicilia intermutans complex, basing on extensive sampling in a limited area. 18 Heteromorphic specimens from two Greek islands were investigated to get an impression of the variation within populations, and compared with specimens from NW Iran and southern France. The analysis uses the nuITS molecular marker, chemistry and several morphological characters. A phylogenetic analysis was performed using the parsimony method (program TNT). Our results indicate that some morphological characters traditionally used to circumscribe Aspicilia species such as chemistry and ascomata and conidiomata structure led to the formation of non-monophyletic groups. A minor part of the specimens previously recognized as Aspicilia intermutans were found to be distributed across the Aspicilia s.l. tree and seem to represent taxonomically distinct entities, most likely including undescribed species. 152
The 7 th International Association for Lichenology Symposium 2012 (3A-P6) Submission ID: IAL0080-00001 CORTICIALES ALLIES OF LICHENIZED/LICHENICOLOUS BASIDIOMYCETES: PHYLOGENY AND CHARACTER EVOLUTION Ghobad-Nejhad M. 1 1 Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum, Department of Mycology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Corticiales is a poorly investigated order of basidiomycetes which have been largely neglected in mycological inventories due to their inconspicuous fruiting bodies and difficulties in their identification. Predominantly consisting of saprotrophic corticioid fungi, the order also harbours a few lichenized/lichenicolous species. While Corticiales fungi play various ecological roles in terrestrial ecosystems, yet they have very similar morphological characteristics, with little external variation, rendering their taxonomy and generic delimitations problematic. Lichenicolous taxa appear as teleomorph or exclusively anamorph members. In this study, we attempted to make a comprehensive sampling of the order, with representatives from all ecological guilds and nutritional modes present in the Corticiales, including lichenized and lichenicolous taxa. To examine the circumscription of genera and the phylogenetic relationships among the species, we analyzed nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data with maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods and also studied morphological and ecological characters. We believe a well-resolved taxonomic backbone for Corticiales is essential before making evolutionary assessments. Our study yields a refined family arrangement for this order and recognition of a number of genera and species new to science. All lichen associates (lichenized and lichenicolous species) of Corticiales are shown to be accumulated in the newly circumscribed family Corticiaceae s.s., leaving the bulk of saprotrophic species in the two corticioid families Punctulariaceae and Vuilleminiaceae. Some conclusions are made about the relationships between fertile and anamorph taxa. For instance, the lichenicolous anamorph Marchandiomyces corallinus is shown to be a close relative of the teleomorphic corticioid genus Marchandiopsis. We consider the justifications towards the occurrence of more than one nutritional guild in a single genus, and its evolution in the Corticiales. 153 3A-P
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