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Lichen: from genome to ecosystem in a changing world 5I-P (5I-P9) Submission ID: IAL0325-00001 LICHEN FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY AS A TOOL FOR ASSESSING THE FIRST EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: DEVELOPING AN EARLY-WARNING ECOLOGICAL INDICATOR Matos P. 1 , Pinho P. 2 , Munzi S. 2 , Llop E. 2 , Branquinho C. 2 1 Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Aveiro University, Lisbon, Portugal 2 Centre for Environmental Biology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing conservation and it is predicted that its impact will be most significant in the Mediterranean region due to increased temperatures and reduced precipitation. There is a need to have tools for monitoring and even anticipate the subtle changes that will occur due to climate change. We used lichen functional diversity with the aim of detecting climate change conditions both in space and time. This was done in southern Portugal, in a region characterized by a Mediterranean climate but with heterogeneous conditions in terms of humidity and precipitation: the coastal areas have higher humidity due to the predominant northwest winds that come from the sea, whereas the inner areas of this region is much dryer and can be classified as semi-arid. Lichen biodiversity was divided in groups of hygrophyte or xerophytes lichens classified on the bases of expert knowledge. They were also divided on the basis of the genus of the alga involved in the symbiosis and also according to their growth form. An index of lichen abundance, Lichen Diversity Value (LDV) was calculated using a standard methodology. The results have shown that the functional groups related to water requirements and growth forms were significantly correlated with macroclimatic changes in space. The LDV also showed a response to temperature variance over time, in a 5 year interval. Surprisingly, we found that the number of lichen species with photobionts of the genus Trentepohlia has been increasing along time in the semi-arid area and this was well related to the increasing levels of relative humidity. Therefore, lichen functional diversity showed to be a good candidate for an ecological indicator for the early effects of climate change. 184
The 7 th International Association for Lichenology Symposium 2012 4A: Evolution and Systematics in the Teloschistales (4A-P1) Submission ID: IAL0110-00002 MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY AND RECENT TAXONOMY OF ASIAN RUSAVSKIA ELEGANS COMPLEX AND CLOSELY RELATED GASPARRINIOID LICHENS (TELOSCHISTACEAE, LICHEN-FORMING FUNGI) Kondratyuk S. Y. 1 , Fedorenko N. M. 1 , Hur J. 2 , Galanina I. 3 , Zarei-Darki B. 4 , Tsurykau A. 5 , Thell A. 6 , Kärnefelt I. 6 1 Lichenology and Bryology, M.H. Kholodny Institute of Botany, Kiev, Ukraine 2 Sunchon National University, Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon, Korea 3 Herbarium, The Botanical Garden Institute, Vladivostok, Russia 4 Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Esfahan, Iran 5 Botany Dept,F. Skoriny Gomel State Univesity, Gomel, Belarus 6 Lund University, Biological Museums, Lund, Sweden Xanthoria elegans (Link) Th.Fr., with narrow and convex lobes, in contrast to wide and plane thalline lobes of Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th.Fr. was recognized at the end of the 18 th century. The X. elegans group including 12 species was segregated from the genus Xanthoria as a separate genus, Rusavskia S. Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, in 2003 based on morphological and anatomical data (Kondratyuk & Kärnefelt 2003). Later it was shown that the Rusavskia elegans group including R. elegans (Link) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, R. sorediata (Vain.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, R. papillifera (Vain.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt and R. digitata (S.Y. Kondr.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, forms a robust monophyletic branch in the family Teloschistaceae according to molecular data (Fedorenko et al., 2009, 2011). Rusavskia elegans is frequently misidentified, and even gene bank sequences ascribed to R. elegans in fact belong to the Caloplaca saxicola group. About ten morphologically similar to R. elegans lichen groups shown to form separate robust monophyletic branches in the phylogenetic tree of the Teloschistaceae (Kondratyuk et al. in prep.). Among them there are the following: Rusavskia resendei (Poelt) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, showing also similarity to Xanthoria parietina group, as well as the gasparrinioid (=placodioid) species groups Caloplaca saxicola, C. regalis, C. aurantia, C. trachyphylla, C. elegantissima etc. Results of phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and new morphological and anatomical data, on groups mentioned above will be illustrated. Their taxonomic status will be especially discussed. New Asian species of the Rusavskia elegans group and closely related groups of gasparrinioid lichens, i.e. C. trachyphylla (Tuck.) Zahlbr., C. mogoltanica S.Y. Kondr. & Kudratov, C. scrobiculata H. Magn.), as well as taxa of C. persica (J. Steiner) M. Steiner & Poelt and C. intrudens H. Magn. groups will be presented. Financial support of the State Agency on Science, Innovation and Information of Ukraine (417/2011) is appreciated. 185 4A-P
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