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Snow Remote Sensing Posters AMSR-E Algorithm for Snowmelt Onset Detection in Subarctic Heterogeneous Terrain J.D. Apgar, J.M. Ramage, R.A. McKenney, and P. Maltais...............................................................................137 Combination of Active and Passive Microwave to Estimate Snowpack Properties in Great Lakes Area A.E. Azar, T. Lakhankar, N. Shahroudi, and R. Khanbilvardi ...........................................................................153 Enhancements and Forthcoming Developments to the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS) S.R. Helfrich, D. McNamara, B.H. Ramsay, T. Baldwin, and T. Kasheta..........................................................165 Retreat of Tropical Glaciers in Colombia and Venezuela from 1984 to 2004 as Measured from ASTER and Landsat Images J.N. Morris, A.J. Poole, and A.G. Klein .............................................................................................................181 Snowpack Processes Snow Cover Patterns and Evolution at Basin Scale: GEOtop Model Simulations and Remote Sensing Observations S. Endrizzi, G. Bertoldi, M. Neteler, and R. Rigon.............................................................................................195 Microstructural Characterization of Firn I. Baker, R. Obbard, D. Iliescu, and D. Meese...................................................................................................211 Computational Time Steps of Winter Water Balance for Snow Losses at United States Meteorological Stations S.R. Fassnacht ....................................................................................................................................................219 Shaped Solution Domains for Snow Properties R.A. Melloh, S.A. Shoop, and B.A. Coutermarsh................................................................................................231 Glacial and Periglacial Processes Quantifying the Effect of Anisotropic Properties in Snow for Modelling Meltwater Retention C.E. Bøggild .......................................................................................................................................................247 The Equilibrium Flow and Mass Balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska, 1950–2005 M.S. Pelto, G.W. Adema, M.J. Beedle, S.R. McGee, M.M. Miller, K.F. Sprenke, and M. Lang.........................251 An Embedded Sensor Network for Measuring Hydrometeorological Variability Within an Alpine Valley R.Å. Hellström and B.G. Mark ...........................................................................................................................263 Snow and Periglacial Processes Poster A Treatise on the Preponderance of Designs Over Historic and Measured Snowfalls, or No Two Snowflakes Are Alike: Considerations About the Formation of Snowflakes and the Possible Numbers and Shapes of Snowflakes M. Pilipski and J.D. Pilipski...............................................................................................................................283 62nd ESC Papers Simulations of North American Snow Cover by AGCMs and AOGCMs A. Frei, G. Gong, and R. Brown.........................................................................................................................293 The Impact of Patchy Snow Cover on Snow Water Equivalent Estimates Derived from Passive Microwave Brightness Temperatures Over a Prairie Environment K.R. Turchenek, J.M. Piwowari, and C. Derksen...............................................................................................297 � � � Sno-Foo Award .........................................................................................................................................................311 vi
STATEMENT OF PURPOSE The Eastern Snow Conference (ESC) is a joint Canadian/U.S. organization founded in the 1940s, originally with members primarily from eastern North America. Our current members are scientists, snow surveyors, engineers, technicians, professors, students, and operational and maintenance professionals from North America, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Germany. There is a western counterpart to the ESC, the Western Snow Conference (WSC), which also is a joint Canadian/U.S. organization. Every fifth year the ESC and the WSC hold joint meetings. The Eastern Snow Conference is a forum that brings the research and operations communities together to discuss recent work on scientific, applied, and operational issues related to snow and ice. The location of the conference alternates yearly between the United States and Canada, and attendees present their work by either giving a talk or presenting a poster. Most resulting papers are reviewed, edited, and published in our yearly Proceedings of the Eastern Snow Conference. In recent years, the ESC meetings have included sessions on snow physics, winter survival of animals, snow and ice loads on structures, river ice, remote sensing of snow and ice, and glacier processes. Volumes of the Proceedings can be found in libraries throughout North America and Europe, and the papers are also available through the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) in the United States and CISTI in Canada. � � � � � � � � � Le Colloque sur la neige-région est (ESC) est une organisation americain-canadienne fondée dans les années ’40 et dont les membres provenaient a l’origine surtout de l’est de l’Amérique-du-Nord. Actuellement, les membres, qu’ils soient chercheurs, techniciens en enneigement, ingenieurs, techniciens, professeurs, étudiants, et spécialistes des services d’éxploitation et d’entretien, viennent non seulement d’Amérique-du-Nord, mais aussi du Royaume Uni, du Japon, et d’Allemagne. Le Colloque sur la neige-region ouest (WSC), aussi une organisation americaincanadienne, est l’homologue de l’ESC pour l’ouest nord-americain. Tous les cinq ans, l’ESC et la WSC organisent des réunions en commun. Le Colloque sur la neige-region est un forum qui rassemble chercheurs et responsables des services d’exploitation pour discuter des travaux récents sur les problemes scientifiques, operationnels, ou autres dus à la neige et à la glace. Le site de cette réunion annuelle alterne entre les États Unis et le Canada. Les participants y présentent les résultats de leurs travaux par des communications orales ou au moyen d’affiches. Ces communications, une fois revues et éditées, sont publiées dans les Annales de l’ESC. Dans les années récentes, les réunions de l’ESC ont inclus des sessions sur la physique de la neige, la survie hivernale de la faune, les forces exercées par la neige et la glace sur les structures et les batiments, la glace de rivière, la télédétection de la neige et de la glace, et les processus glaciaires. Les Annales de l’ESC sont accessibles dans la plupart des bibliothèques scientifiques d’Amerique-du-Nord et d’Europe. Des copies d’articles peuvent être obtenues du National Technical Information Service (NTIS) aux États Unis et son équivalent au Canada, le CISTI. vii
Page 1 and 2: Proceedings of the 63rd ANNUAL EAST
Page 3 and 4: FOREWORD T his proceedings volume c
Page 5: CONTENTS Foreword..................
Page 9 and 10: EXECUTIVES FOR THE 63rd EASTERN SNO
Page 11 and 12: THE PRESIDENT’S PAGE The 63rd ann
Page 13 and 14: Weisnet Medal for Best Student Pape
Page 15 and 16: 3 63 rd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE New
Page 17 and 18: Figure 1. Layer 1 represents the so
Page 19 and 20: Figure 4. The general layout of the
Page 21 and 22: lue color represented no convection
Page 23 and 24: Total Density of Water Profiles The
Page 25 and 26: Figure 11(a). Simulated snow grain
Page 27 and 28: Jordan R, 1991. A one-dimensional t
Page 29 and 30: Campbell Scientific Award for Best
Page 31 and 32: 19 63 rd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE Ne
Page 41 and 42: R ∑i ∑ n 2 = 1 NS = − n i = 1
Page 49 and 50: Snow and Climate 37
Page 53 and 54: Spatial distributions of changes in
Page 55 and 56: Snow and Climate Posters 43
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45 63 rd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE Ne
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Figure 2 presents correlation maps
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CONCLUSIONS Three regional-continen
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Discharge (mm) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8
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ABSTRACT 55 63 rd EASTERN SNOW CONF
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This paper analyzes the synoptic pa
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Cyclones that track west of the App
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The synoptic-scale atmospheric circ
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CONCLUSIONS The record snowfall in
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correlations between April-May snow
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Figure 3. Linear correlations betwe
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winter/early spring could contribut
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Snow Remote Sensing 73
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height averaged 11.4 m with an aver
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strings were buried 20 - 30 cm belo
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Although the λE/Rn fraction was on
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estimated snow depth based on the 2
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important to note that the average
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Schmidt, R. A., C. A. Troendle, and
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METHODS The IMS Product The IMS was
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Figure 1. Microwave spectral charac
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snow depth and SWE on a weekly basi
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Figure 4. Example of blended SWE pr
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Evaluation of the global distributi
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Figure 9. Inter-comparison plots of
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Helfrich, S.R., D. McNamara, B.H.Ra
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105 63 rd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE N
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and validated regionally so they ca
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109 Test Site Figure 2. Variation o
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Correlation Coe. Correlation Coe. C
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Figure 8. SSM/I scattering signatur
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Considering the facts mentioned abo
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Besides the temporal validation, th
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RMSE Non linear Azar Chang Goodison
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63 nd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE Newar
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http://www.ccin.ca); from simulatio
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over the period 1988-2000. With the
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Figure 3: Explained variance (R 2 )
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correspondence between simulated an
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values. Continued development of ne
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National Climatic Data Center (2005
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Snow Remote Sensing Posters 135
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ABSTRACT 63 rd EASTERN SNOW CONFERE
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day and has a mean pixel resolution
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Table 1. Wheaton River basin EASE-G
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The SSM/I snowmelt onset algorithm
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coarse-resolution pixel with the hi
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Figure 5. (a) Scatterplot of snowpa
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For both 2004 and 2005, the AMSR-E
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threshold of ±18 K that reflects t
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ABSTRACT 153 63 rd EASTERN SNOW CON
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DATA USED SSM/I & QuikSCAT Coverage
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180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1
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independent of regions. This greatl
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slightly vary the IMS with this pro
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imagery, the higher latitudes rely
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MODIS Land Science Team, NASA Godda
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FUTURE OF IMS Enhancements to the I
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information never present before on
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Brubaker, K.L., R. Pinker and E. De
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The Sierra Nevada del Cocuy region
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Colombia Venezuela Glacier Series R
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Table 4. Glacier Areas of the Ruiz-
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Pico Bonpland Massif-Sinigüis Glac
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Linder W, Jordan E, 1991. Ice-mass
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Snowpack Processes 193
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63 rd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE Newar
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In the following paragraph the main
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Figure 1: Variation of the season a
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Figure 3: 8-day composite maps (24
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The third pair (Figure 5) represent
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Figure 9: Time evolution of SWE ave
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melting occurs, whereas at the high
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Colbeck SC, Anderson EA. 1982. The
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A B Figure 1. Low-magnification sec
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GB ridge GB groove Figure 3. Higher
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CONCLUSION Figure 5. Indexed electr
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219 63rd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE De
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Meteorological data for the winter
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monthly probability adjusted data 4
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225 Pullman WA Rawlins WY Leadville
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The daily wind speed can exceed 6.5
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NCDC. 2006. National Climate Data C
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and mass balances for 540 environme
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Temperature, precipitation, windspe
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the left in response to snow compac
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Pinched-cone dimensions for each sl
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Terrain slope (degrees) Terrain slo
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was fund
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Glacial and Periglacial Processes 2
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From linear regression the constant
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DATA COLLECTION Figure 1. Location
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Table 1. Comparison of GPS measured
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Transverse Velocity Profiles Surfac
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is shown in Figure 4. This variatio
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Table 4. The calculated volume flux
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Figure 1. Cordillera Blanca regiona
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Field Measure
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Data analysis techniques We synthes
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season, but unacceptable for the dr
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significant, although more informat
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(a) Liquid Water (mm) Dry Period: M
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Future Work We are installing addit
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Shuttleworth, W.J., and J.S. Wallac
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Snow and Periglacial Processes Post
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----- -------------- ------- ------
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No one to date has shown why snowfl
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APPENDIX A Northern Hemisphere Year
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62nd ESC Papers 291
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62 nd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE Water
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each other; and, they both decrease
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297 62 nd EASTERN SNOW CONFERENCE W
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comes in the form of precipitation.
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averaged to reduce bias in this var
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RESULTS Figure 2. Flow chart of reg
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Table 6: Actual-Conditions SWE, dep
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307 Table 9: Regression results bet
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Goita, K., A. Walker, B. Goodison,
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TO ERR IS HUMAN, TO FORGET IT WOULD
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