SOSOK WANITA DALAM PUISI - Undip

konvensi-konvensi tertentu yang berasosiasi dengan genre dan dalam medium
komunikasi tertentu.
Semiotics is often employed in the analysis of texts (although it is far more
than just a mode of textual analysis). Here it should perhaps be noted that a
'text' can exist in any medium and may be verbal, non-verbal, or both,
despite the logocentric bias of this distinction. The term text usually refers to
a message which has been recorded in some way (e.g. writing, audio- and
video-recording) so that it is physically independent of its sender or
receiver. A text is an assemblage of signs (such as words, images, sounds
and/or gestures) constructed (and interpreted) with reference to the
conventions associated with a genre and in a particular medium of
communication.(Chandler, 2007: 3-5)
Karya sastra merupakan struktur yang bermakna, dan karya sastra
merupakan sistem tanda yang mempunyai makna yang mempergunakan medium
bahasa. Bahasa sebagai medium karya sastra sudah merupakan sistem semiotik
atau ketandaan yang mempunyai arti. Bahasa juga mempunyai peranan penting
dalam mengkomunikasikan pengetahuan. Dengan memperhatikan hubungan
antara penanda (signifier) dan tertanda (signifiee), dapat disimpulkan bahwa
penanda (signifier) mewakili simplifikasi skematis atas situasi permasalahan yang
kompleks. Fungsi tanda merupakan hasil interaksi antara berbagai norma: kode
memberikan kondisi untuk hubungan timbal balik fungsi-fungsi secara kompleks
( Fokkema, 1998: 210). Barthes (1968: 48) menjelaskan hubungan tersebut
sebagai berikut:
The nature of the signifier suggests roughly the same remarks as that of
the signified: it is purely a relatum. Whose definition cannot separate from
that of the signified. The only difference is that the signifier I a mediator:
some matter is necessary to it. Meanwhile, the signification can be
conceived as a process; it is the act binds the signifier and signified, an
act whose product is the sign.