PDF - Guram Chikovani

The numerals for 11,15,16, and 17 have clearly parallel forms. When
the numeral, denoting the units, begins with a consonant, the word ÷aâara
keeps its final vowel –a. Alternatively, in numbers 12 and 14 the vowel-a is
omitted, because the second word in these compound numerals begins
with a vowel, following the muting of hamza.
Numerals of this category precede nouns in the singular form:
÷aâara fadhÁt walad "eleven boys"
÷aâara salÁs hÝiã "thirteen houses"
Decimals
By their structure decimals differ from the corresponding numerals of
the Literary Arabic:
20-÷aâr×n 60-sitta aârÁt // âiâ aârÁt
30-salÁs aârÁt 70-sab'a aârÁt // haft aârÁt
40-orba aÁrÁt 80-haât aârÁt
50-Õams aârÁt // panÓ aârÁt 90-næh aârÁt
We can see, that only 20 is similar to the relevant form in Literary
Arabic. The other forms follow the structure: unit + tens (pl. fem.). As
would be expected, in the numerals for 50,60,70 parallel forms are
preserved.
We can further distinguish two groups, according to the combination of
decimals and units: a) from 20 to 29; b) from 31 to 99.
For the first group the same rule as that of Literary Arabic applies. The
following sequence is preserved: unit + twenty:
fadhat ÷aâr×n "twenty one"; isnÎn ÷aâr×n "twenty two".
The second group has the following structure: decimals +unit.
salÁs ÷aârÁt fadhat "thirty one"; orba ÷aârÁt isnÎn "forty two".
Decimals in the Literary Arabic precede the noun they qualify. The
noun has the plural form: ÷aâr×n naöÓÁt "twenty rams"; salÁs ÷aârÁt
motgowÁt "thirty cows".
Sometimes nouns in the QAD are in singular forms:
orba ÷aârÁt faras "forty horses"; Õamsa ÷aârÁt bagir "fifty bulls".
In the same part of the dissertation the main characteristics of the
hundreds and thousands are given.
Pronouns
The Personal, Demonstrative, Interrogative, Negative and Relative
pronouns are distinguished in QAD.
Independent personal pronouns
The following are the independent personal pronouns:
Singular Plural
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