CYPRIOT GRAMMAR

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ποφαίνουμαι -> ποφανώ ποκάθουμαι -> ποκάτσω όρτζ’ουμαι -> ορτζ’ηθώ πετάσσουμαι -> πεταχτώ τζ’οιμούμαι -> τζ’οιμηθώ μιμούμαι -> μιμηθώ συνοπλάσκιουμαι -> συνοπλαστώ θυμούμαι -> θυμηθώ σκέφτουμαι -> σκεφτώ 31.5 Conjugation of the Passive Subjunctive Present Tense All the formatiοn of the Passive Subjunctive Present Tense above produced the First Person Singular. In order to conjugate the verb according to the person and the number you must change the final –α to the endings below just like with the Imperfect Tense. ΕΝΝΙΚΟΣ________ ΠΛΥΧΗΝΝΤΙΚΟΣ Greek___________English Pers.Pr.__Verb____Pers.Pr.___Verb Εγιώνι___-ώ______Εμείς___-ούμεν Εσούνι__-είς______Εσείς___-είτε Τούτος__-εί_____Τούτοι__-ούν/ούσιν Τούτη___-εί_____Τούτες__-ούν/ούσιν Τούτον__-εί_____Τούτα__-ούν/ούσιν Φερειπείν ΕΝΝΙΚΟΣ______ΠΛΥΧΗΝΝΤΙΚΟΣ Greek_________English Pers.Pr._Verb____Pers.Pr.__Verb Εγιώνι__πεταχτώ___Εμείς___πεταχτούμεν Εσούνι__πεταχτείς__Εσείς___πεταχτείτε Τούτος_πεταχτεί__Τούτοι__πεταχτούν/πεταχτούσιν Τούτη__πεταχτεί__Τούτες_πεταχτούν/πεταχτούσιν Τούτον_πεταχτεί__Τούτα__πεταχτούν/πεταχτούσιν Note: The tone mark is always placed on the third to last syllable excluding the shorter version of the 3rd person plural. 31.6 Sentences in the Passive Present Subjunctive Forming sentences in the passive can be straightforward. Ξυπνήα ειστές εφτά η ώρα για να σαστώ να πάω ειστήν δουλγειάν μου. I wake up at 7 o’clock in order to get ready to go to work. Έστω τζ’αι αν σ’επαστώ πάλε ένει κρυάδα. Even if I cover myself/Even if I pull the blankets on top of me it’s still cold. Πασ’ηνίσκω τζ’αι για να δώ πόσα κιλά εγίνικα πρέπει να ζυαστώ. I’m gaining weight and in order to to see how many kilos I gained I weigh myself 31.7 Forming the Passive Present Continuous Subjunctive Τhe Passive Present Contunous Subjunctive is very straghtforward because it is identical to the Subjunctive Present Tense! Πρέπει να ξυπνώ ειστές εφτά η ώρα για να σάζουμαι να πααίννω ειστήν δουλγειάν μου. I must keep on waking up at 7 o’clock in order to keep on getting/to get ready to go to work. Έστω τζ’αν σ’επάζουμαι πάλε ένει κρυάδα. Even if I keep on covering myself/Even if I keep pulling the blankets on top of me it’s still cold. Πασ’ηνίσκω τζ’αι για να δώ πόσα κιλά εγίνικα πρέπει να ζυάζουμαι. I’m gaining weight and in order to see how many kilos I gain I must keep on weighting myself to see 31.8 Ασκήεις Change the following verbs into the Passive Subjunctive Present Tense and conjugate them. Αππώννουμαι Κατσαφαλώννουμαι Σουβλίζουμαι Παντρεύκουμαι Παιδεύκουμαι Θάφκουμαι Κόφκουμαι Καρτζ’ιλατούμαι Πλυνίσκουμαι Γιανίσκουμαι Κόφκουμαι 112
Chapter 33: The Passive: Aorist, Imperfect and Future Subjunctive – Παθητική Φωνή: Αόριστος, Παρατατικός τζ’αι Μέλλοντας Ποταχτιτζ’ης The Passive Subjunctive Aorist and Imperfect are tenses typically used in dependent clauses to express wishes, commands, emotion, possibility, judgment, necessity in the past or statements that are contrary to past facts and of course involving verbs in the passive form. When to use it the sentence in Greekcypriot is the same as all subjunctives. 33.1 When to use the Aorist and Imperfect Subjunctive In Greekcypriot the subjunctive is used with specific particles which makes it easier to know when to use it. Therefore: 1. για να (μεν) = in order (not) to 2. αν, τζ’αν, έστω τζ’αν = if, even if, even if. 3. (Ρήμαν) + να + (ρήμαν) = Verb + to + Verb (Verb + Infinitie) 4. να μεν = not (negative for subjunctive) 5. μεν = don’t * 6. ατζ’α πείς να = it looks likely that... 7. παρά να = rather than 8. σανννα τζ’αι = it looks like/as if (Only with Subjunctive Imperfect) 9. ήτουν να = it was supposed to (emphasis on the contradiction of what was supposed to happen with what actually happened) * This is the imperative’s negative form. More on this in upcoming chapters. Note In the subjunctive all the weak personal pronouns are placed right after the above particles! 33.2 Forming the Subjunctive Aorist Forming the Passive Subjunctive Aorist is very straightforward because like in the active voice there is only a periphrastic way to form it rather than actual verb forms. Firstly you need to use the aorist or imperfect of verbs that can take για να, για να μεν, να the particles above and then use the subjunctive present tense form of verbs. This applies to all the verbs in all the categories. The tense is used to emphasise the undertake of an action in the past when used with word particles that carry the subjunctive. The summed up rule for forming the Subjunctive Aorist is as follows: Verb (Imperfect or Aorist)+ Subjunctive Particle + Subjunctive Present Tense Ρήμαν + Σύνδεζμος Ποταχτικής + Ενεστώτας Ποταχτικής Φερειπείν Ήτουν να χαρτωθθώ μιτσ’ης. I was supposed to get engaged young. Έπρεπεν να έρτω έσσο να κάτσω λλίον για να ξαποστάσω. I had to come back home to sit down a bit (to relax) in order to rest. Έν ιμπορούσα να θυμηθώ τα νέα. I couldn’t remember the news. Έν εκανούσεν το νερόν για να πλυθθώ. There was not enough water in order for me to wash. 33.3 Forming the Subjunctive Imperfect Forming the Subjunctive Imperfect is very straightforward because like the Aorist Subjunctive there is only a periphrastic way to form it. Firstly you need to use the imperfect of verbs that can take για να, για να μεν, να the particles above and then use the subjunctive aorist form of verbs. The tense is used to emphasise the continuation of an action in the past when used with word particles that carry the subjunctive. Verb (Imperfect or Aorist)+ Subjunctive Particle + Imperfect Ρήμαν (Παρατατικός ή Αόριστος)+ Σύνδεζμος Ποταχτικής + Παρατατικός Φερειπείν Ήτουν να εχαρτώννουμουν μιτσής. I was supposed to be geting engaged young. Έπρεπεν να έρκουμουν έσσο, να εκαθήσκουμουν λλίον τζ’αι υστερόττερα να ξανααντακώσω την δουλγειάν. I had to keep coming back home, to sit around for some time (relax) and then afterwards to reccommence work/go back to work. Έν ιμπορούσεν να εθυμάτουν τα ονόματα ούλλων μέστην τάξην. 113
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Σύγρονη Γραμματιτζ
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History and Literature It is only n
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Υγω -> υκω Φ -> χ Φθ ->
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1.4 Punctuation 1.4.1 The Stress Ma
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Chapter 2: Articles and Nouns (1) A
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Chapter 3: Nouns and Articles (2) I
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3.4.5 Type E -ρης ___________Art
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Vocative______ρα/α___στραπ
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Nominative__το___πορτοκκά
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Chapter 6: Demonstrative Pronouns T
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Chapter 7: Personal Pronouns What w
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Chapter 8: The verbs ‘to be’ an
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In this word order the ephasis is p
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9.1.6 (ο) καθένας/Καθα
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Nobody loves me. Έσ’ει καν
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Why do you have it? Γιατί έν
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10.2.3 -ύς -> -ιά -> -ύν Φε
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Καλός = good Κακός = bad
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IMPORTANT TIP: Concerning adjective
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All the above phrases can be used i
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Τριπλός_Triple Τετραπ
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12.6 Nouns of age One special chara
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Chapter 13: Basic Phrases & Vocabul
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Τζ’ίτρινον = yellow Πρ
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Chapter 15: Basic Dialogue (2) More
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Εγιώνι__πκιορώννω__
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longer), μαρανίσκω (to wil
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17.1 2 nd Category -α Chapter 17:
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καταλάβω (to understand),
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Chapter 18: Verbs - The Aorist - Α
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Chapter 44: The Gerund, the Past Pa
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Λαλώ -> ειπωμένος τρ
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IX. Verbs in -ίσκω only have Re
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46.1 Compound Words Chapter 46: Com
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Πρόεδρος -> προεδρι
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Recommendations In this last sectio
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Chapter/Τζ’εφάλαιον Pro
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20.15 Δίχα, δίχας, δίχ
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ΥΣΤΕΡΚΟΝ - END 185
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CYPRIOT GRAMMAR

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