Lost River - Karst Information Portal

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2007 NSS Convention Guidebook 168 Figure 58. The Orangeville Rise. Photo by Strunk, March 2007. Figure 59. Sketch map and cross-section of the Orangeville Rise. From Steve Maegerlein, about 1979.
miles (Bassett, 1976 and 2000) to the north of the Lost River Basin. See Figure PP for the limits of this sub-basin in a new map by Bassett (2000). It is the most upstream of the two rises. The True Rise of Lost River is a less picturesque and less accessible feature located about 0.75 miles to the south (Figure 60 and 61). The Orangeville Rise and the Rise of Lost River would have been flooded to a depth of about 15 feet by a proposed Soil Conservation Service dam on Lost River near Prospect. The project was defeated in the early 1970s by a coalition of environmental groups, cavers, and landowners whose property would have been flooded. Horton Hobbs and Robert Armstrong, along with many other cavers, were instrumental in preparing documentation and arguments for the National Speleological Society as part of the still-active Lost River Conservation Task Force of the NSS. The Soil Conservation Service once had long-term plans to make drainage improvements to the Lost River basin, and a private landowner once purchased much of the Lost River downstream of the rises with the idea of creating a resort lake via a dammed impoundment. The rises supposedly would not be inundated, even at high lake levels. The Orangeville Rise was given to the Indiana Karst Conservancy by The Nature Conservancy in 1998 (verbal communication, 2007, Keith Dunlap) and, like Tolliver Swallowhole and Wesley Chapel Gulf, has been declared a National Natural Landmark by the National Park Service. [Downstream from the Orangeville Rise, the Lost River valley widens considerably and is filled to a depth of several feet with alluvium. Powell (1963) speculated that the rises, interpreted to be alluviated, might once have been open gravity-flow springs during early or middle Pleistocene time. In recent years Powell and others have re-thought this hypothesis because diving of the True Rise showed that it is over 180 feet deep, far below the bottom of the alluviated channel of Lost River. See Figure 61. (KS)] The drainage basin supplying the Orangeville Rise has been delineated, generally Lost River Field Trip at least, by the dye tracings discussed previously. The Orangeville Rise is known to drain much of the Crawford Upland north of Orangeville, as well as a large section of the Mitchell Plain north of the Dry Bed. Based on the dye tracing work, the Rise is believed to drain over 49 square miles of the basin. The hydrology of the area is a little more complex than was once thought. During periods of excessive rainfall, much of the water supplying the Rise leaks to the surface via several storm water rises (Mathers Rises) located principally along the Dry Bed in SW ¼ , Sec 34, T3N, R1W, about 3 miles to the north. (See Figure 44.) The water issuing from the Orangeville Rise surges upward about 20 feet from openings under a ledge of Ste. Genevieve Limestone which forms an overhang about 110 feet across. Turbid storm waters boil up with great force, and flood backwaters frequently overflow the deeply incised surface channel downstream from the spring and cover the bedrock face above the spring. A minimum flow of 9 cubic feet per second (cfs) and a maximum flow of 185 cfs were reported by Bassett (1976, pp 80 and 83). Maximum discharge at the Rise probably does not exceed 250 cfs. Great variation of flow is characteristic of most karst springs, especially those fed by large or extensive cavern systems. The valley of Lost River downstream of the Orangeville Rise (and True Rise) is alluviated to a depth of 20 to 30 feet. Most of the valleyfill material is alluvium and colluvium of Pleistocene age. In 1973 the chemical character of the water emerging at Orangeville was calcium bicarbonate. Calcium is the dominant cation, making up 71.7 to 80.7 percent of the total cation molality, with a mean of 75.9 percent. Bicarbonate is the main anion, totaling from 80.7 to 88.3 percent of the anion molality, with a mean of 85 percent. Sulfur isotopic studies show a mean isotope 34S (SO 4 ) of 11.51 %, indicating shallow flow input and low residence time of the water. The True Rise of Lost River is located 0.75 miles south and downstream of the Orangeville Rise. It consists of a channel about 100 feet 16
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Back Underground in Indiana A Guide
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Contents Welcome from the NSS Presi
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Welcome from the NSS President Welc
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Welcome from the Governor of Indian
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Color Photography Section We are mu
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Section I: The Harrison Crawford Ar
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The Convention Planning staff is pl
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The Harrison County Visitors’ Cen
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per day, which includes the right t
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A Short History of Early Crawford C
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Section II: Exploration 1
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Deep below the hills of Crawford Co
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Gypsum flowers and crusts. Beyond S
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top of Fools Dome began to take onl
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The Discovery and Exploration of th
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previous surface survey of the gulf
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The Survey Begins On Saturday, Janu
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through January as well as every we
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and another team went into the seco
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were surprised to learn that a tigh
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Other Exploration in the Lost River
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flood tube really played on our min
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efore splitting and ending in break
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Two Bit Pit Harrison County, Indian
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Two Bit Pit c l i m b - d o w n i s
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Two Bit Pit 4
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downstream passage is generally 6 t
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Trip #16 August 12, 1990 Greg McNam
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ing into established survey at the
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An Exploratory Trip to Gory Hole: J
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the right side. It was necessary to
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The Exploration of Harrison Spring
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guide line was no longer in the ent
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first that day and had already gone
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along his dive buddy, Ralph, for hi
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visibility out was normal, about 3
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Section III: Geology and Cave Scien
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Regional and Karst Geology of the O
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plains, swallowholes, storm water r
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Regional Physiography and Stratigra
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closely this apparent relationship
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Regional Physiography and Stratigra
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Figure 6. Geologic map of south-cen
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margin of the Mitchell Plain, chara
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cavern development. Somewhat more t
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Geomorphic History of the Mitchell
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idge summits in the Crawford Upland
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to produce such continuous surfaces
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Stratigraphy and Lithology of the O
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upward sequence. [This model shows
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County (Gray, Jenkins, and Weidman,
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He then casually and without explan
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outcrop is an overlooked and deserv
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Geology Field Trip Figure 13. Stop
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This five-stage model may have impl
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Figure 16. The Tower Quarry highwal
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River. Note that the valley is fill
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Smith and Tim Grisson of Ohio Caver
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of the Mitchell Plain were dissolve
Page 121 and 122: Geology Field Trip Figure 21. Trave
Page 123 and 124: Geology Field Trip Figure 22. Harri
Page 125 and 126: The Battle of Corydon, Indiana’s
Page 127 and 128: of rocks above the Ste. Genevieve i
Page 129 and 130: New Albany Shale Gas Wells: A natur
Page 131 and 132: Geology Field Trip Figure 29. Inter
Page 133 and 134: Preglacial Regional Drainage and Gl
Page 135 and 136: Stop 5: The Falls of the Ohio vicin
Page 137 and 138: Figure 35. Historic map of the Fall
Page 139 and 140: After experiencing a boat trip down
Page 141 and 142: Geology Field Trip Figure 36. Geolo
Page 143 and 144: that time. Locally, they are rarely
Page 145 and 146: Geology Field Trip Figure 38. U.S.
Page 147 and 148: depth of 12 feet. This became known
Page 149 and 150: Lost River Field Trip Figure 40. Ma
Page 151 and 152: Lost River Field Trip Figure 42 Phy
Page 153 and 154: Lost River Field Trip Figure 44. Co
Page 155 and 156: to Lick Creek to the southeast as p
Page 157 and 158: Lost River Field Trip Figure 46. To
Page 159 and 160: Figure 48A though D. Clyde Malott
Page 161 and 162: State Road 37 Corridor to Wesley Ch
Page 163 and 164: then proceed down hill to the north
Page 165 and 166: and is located 0.5 miles north. The
Page 167 and 168: Figure 54. A view of the rise pool
Page 169 and 170: Lost River Field Trip Figure 56. Ge
Page 171: Travel from Wesley Chapel Gulf to O
Page 175 and 176: Crawford Upland morphology, and the
Page 177 and 178: historians and eyewitness accounts.
Page 179 and 180: Ash, Donald W., 1985: Geomorphology
Page 181 and 182: pany the geological map of the stat
Page 183 and 184: Mammoth Cave Region, Kentucky, and
Page 185 and 186: Little brown bat. The endangered In
Page 187 and 188: under flat stones or sticks. Its we
Page 189 and 190: Lewis, Julian J.; R. Burns; and S.L
Page 191 and 192: cave passages ranging in altitude f
Page 193 and 194: The Geology of Wyandotte Cave Monum
Page 195 and 196: The Geology of Wyandotte Cave Hall
Page 197 and 198: Cave fine-grained sediments were pr
Page 199 and 200: Projected Passage Profiles for the
Page 201 and 202: The History and Status of Karst Ver
Page 203 and 204: Karst Vertebrate Paleobiology in In
Page 205 and 206: Karst Vertebrate Paleobiology in In
Page 207 and 208: Leidy’s peccary (Platygonus vetus
Page 209 and 210: Figure 8. Skull of the dire wolf, C
Page 211 and 212: Figure 11. The Bat Room of Megenity
Page 213 and 214: Mammalian Faunas during the Last De
Page 215 and 216: cene Paleoecology and Archaeology o
Page 217 and 218: Harrison was by far the largest spr
Page 219 and 220: drainage is north to Blue River. Th
Page 221 and 222: It may also be noted that Harrison
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Section IV: Indiana’s Cave Organi
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The Indiana Karst Conservancy, Inc.
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esource in cave and karst conservat
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Indiana Karst Conservancy daylight
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Indiana Karst Conservancy Heading f
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property. Meanwhile, Randy Jackson
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Number of Caves 1,000 Feet or Longe
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27. Warren 74 28. Miami 63 29. Foun
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Section V: History 235
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Lewis D. Lamon: Indiana’s Grand O
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will find a way in. Lewie’s softs
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George Jackson getting a drink at C
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Falls at the age of six, it was par
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weekends. Sometimes I would bring a
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Caves, Cave Rescue, and the Nationa
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lost or overdues or minor injuries:
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modular NCRC trainings have occurre
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A History of Indiana Caving We do k
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22 miles long. The addition of the
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Pace, Fort, Reeves, Sollman, Powell
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He formed a short-lived partnership
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manufactured history of Wyandotte C
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Section VI: Conservation 263
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The Richard Blenz Nature Conservanc
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The Richard Blenz Nature Conservanc
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pipe. Several dig trips subsequentl
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Lasiurus cinereus (horary bat), fem
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Myotis septentrionalis (northern my
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Cavers have already contributed lar
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ugs. • Pick up litter (use good j
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Section VII: Miscellaneous 27
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Bluespring Caverns “Myst’ry Riv
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Marengo Cave, located on the edge o
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of the cave, the scout program was
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avid spelunkers and loved the cave.
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Indiana Show Caves hire Richard L.
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Section VIII: Cave Descriptions 2 1
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Cave Maps and Descriptions The foll
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een made but a voice connection sho
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intersection. The left-hand passage
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enters from a too-low passage but a
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This pit is located on a heavily wo
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Main Passage in Erics River Cave. P
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drive road. There is a pull off on
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in 50 feet. This cave has pits and
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crawling, and very little belly cra
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Not to be confused with Harrison Co
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The Old Town Spring Entrance to Mar
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placed about 150 feet inside the en
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decorated grotto. In the south end
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Robinson Ladder Cave is an Indiana
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dates. Also, except for the entranc
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Saltpeter Cave Crawford County Cave
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This cave is located along the base
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of Texas Creek and is about half a
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water is from B-B Hole, a nearby ri
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Harrison County Caves 1915 Cave was
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meandering, narrow canyon. This pas
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was rigged in 1979 by Tom Fritsch a
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Jamie Winner at Big Mouth Spring Ca
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drop. At the bottom of this drop is
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Dave Stahl at the top of the first
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Nick Smith has arranged access to t
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he returned to remove this ledge, s
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on the left side of the main passag
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degree angle. At the bottom of the
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Ryan Moran climbing Gary Pit. Photo
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This cave is presently the main cav
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You can get to the pit in two diffe
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Willie Hunt at the entrance to Jays
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T he entrance to King Leo Cave is a
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The 40-foot-tall canyon. Photo by E
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way, flowstone and some gypsum flak
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Manhole Cave, Corydon West 7.5-minu
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CIG Cave Capers Guidebook: 1984, 19
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the 56-foot drop known as The Cathe
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Sharon McConnell in Rocky Hollow Ho
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Seitz Pit, also known as Fuzzys Pit
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Harrison County Caves 375
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with the sandy crawlways and contai
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it opens into Tourist Avenue. The l
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and connects back to the main strea
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to a small room with moss-covered f
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The Donaldson Cave entrance in 1938
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Dave Stahl in the lower level of Bu
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Dave Everton beginning the rappel i
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the owner, is quite friendly to res
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Roberts Cave was opened in 2001 by
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Mike Kennedy at the South Y in Sull
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Lawrence County Caves Sullivan Cave
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with breakdown. One passage to the
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Wayne Cave is the property of the I
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The natural bridge at Camp Two. Pho
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Dillon Cave is located in the Hoosi
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Lost River Cave should be considere
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Janie Atz preparing to cross the li
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Tom Duselis looking at cannonballs
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Owen County Caves 413
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Washington County Caves Cave River
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and continues as such to the Flowst
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een known as the Wet Clifty Cave an
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water depth, this passage eventuall
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After entering the gate at Henderso
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head of a dry ravine. The first 300
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at the Trinkle Cavern Entrance. Alt
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Section IX: Color Photography 42
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Bill Baus in the Formation Room in
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A cannonball in the Boone-Cannonbal
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John Harris in Binkleys Cave’s He
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Aaron Atz in CHUG Hall in Teds Dig.
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Cavers in the Wayne Cave crawlway.
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Willie Hunt in Jewel Box Cave. Phot
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Nate Newkirk in Lower Wild Turkey C
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Nate Newkirk in Redmond Cave. Photo
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A Abram, Jerry 400 Abram, Marie 400
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Cooper, James Fenimore 260 Cope, E.
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Elliot Stahl with the warning sign
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Hodges, Frank 393 Holiday World The
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McGowan, Dave 256 McGrain, Preston
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P.B.R. Plunge 369 Packard’s groun
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Spaulding, Greg 254, 255, 365 spide
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Dave Stahl ascending Fuzzy Hole. Ph
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