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GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS 13
ments at St. Augustine established Spain's title to Florida; but no agree
ment could be reached as to a dividing line between Florida and Caro
lina. . The northern boundary line of Florida was not fixed until 1763,
100 years after the grant'to the Lords Proprietors, when Spain ceded
all Florida to England.''
. In a subsequent chapter, we will tell how an effort was made by Sir
Robert Montgomery, in 1717, to establish within the Province of Caro
lina on what is now the Territory of Georgia, a separate jurisdiction to
be called the Margravate of Azilia; but the ambitious scheme of this
English nobleman, failing to enlist popular support, was finally
abandoned.
Meanwhile great dissatisfaction had resulted from the government of
Carolina by the Lords Proprietors, seven of whom deeded back to the
crown all rights and titles held by them to these lands. Lord Carteret
alone retained his interests. When a charter was granted to the trus
tees of Georgia only an undivided moiety of seven-eights was conveyed
to them in the lands lying between the Savannah and the Altamaha
rivers. But Lord Carteret subsequently deeded to them his interest;
and thus was Georgia's title perfected.
To quell the Indians who had been incited by French and Spanish
traders to make inroads upon the Carolina settlements, Governor Moore
invaded the territory of the Indians west of the Savannah River and
compelled the Province of Appalachee to submit to English rule. At a
later period the Yemassees, driven out of Carolina by Governor Craven,
allied themselves with the Florida Seminoles among whom they found
homes. In 1729 a treaty of peace between England, France, and Spain
was signed at Seville, the object of which was to adjust rival interests in
the new world; but its effect was only to produce a temporary lull.
Meanwhile, the Seminoles on the south and the Cherokees on the west
still menaced the Carolina frontier; while French and Spanish traders
continued to dwell among them, enjoying the profits of an extensive
barter.
There were great advantages to be gained from cultivating more inti
mate trade relations with the Indian tribes. Consequently, England, in
1730, dispatched Sir Alexander Cuming, a Scotchman, on a secret mis
sion to accomplish this object. Successful beyond his most sanguine
expectations, especially in his visit to the Cherokees, he negotiated a
treaty with these Indians, who agreed to submit themselves to the
sovereignty of King George. Several of the chiefs accompanied him to
England where they were received with great popular enthusiasm. It
was the first visit of an American Indian to the mother country; but
these savages were no less objects of interest to the English people than
were the sights of London to these children of the forest. Portraits were
painted of the Indians, attired in English garments, standing amid the
tall trees of the park in London.* «
Dating from this visit of Sir Alexander Cuming, England's trade
relations not only with the Cherokees but also with the Creeks became
extensive and there followed an influx of Scotch traders, some of whom
intermarried with chiefs, producing the noted leaders of mixed blood
'History of Georgia," Charles 0. Jones, Jr., Vol. I, p. 78.