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CHAPTER XVII
GOVERNOR GILMER DEFEATED FOR RE-ELECTION—WILSON LUMPKIN Is
CALLED TO THE HELM—HE REFUSES TO OBEY A CITATION FROM THE
SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES—THE MISSIONARIES WIN,
BUT THE VlCTOBY Is FRUITLESS—ANDREW JACKSON DECLINES TO
ENFORCE THE JUDGMENT RENDERED BY CHIEF JUSTICE MARSHALL—
His CHARACTERISTIC REMARK—WORCESTER AND BUTLER REMAIN AT
HARD LABOR UNTIL RELEASED BY THE STATE AUTHORITIES ON THE
CONDITIONS OF CLEMENCY FIRST OFFERED—WHEN THE INDIANS ARE
REMOVED THE WHOLE OF CHEROKEE GEORGIA Is MADE INTO ONE
COUNTY : CHEROKEE—LATER THIS EXTENSIVE ^ DOMAIN Is SUB
DIVIDED INTO TEN COUNTIES: CHEROKEE, CASS, COBB, FLOYD, FOR
SYTE, GILMER, LUMPKIN, MURRAY, PAULDING, AND UNION—JOHN W.
HOOPER MADE JUDGE OF THE NEW CHEROKEE CIRCUIT—WALKER
COUNTY CREATED IN 1833—POLITICAL SENTIMENT IN THE NATION
BEGINS TO DIVIDE ON THE TARIFF—JOHN C. CALHOUN ENUNCIATES
His FAMOUS DOCTRINE OF NULLIFICATION—CALLED FORTH BY THE
LEGISLATION OF 1828—JACKSON AND CALHOUN BECOME POLITICAL
ENEMIES—THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN OF 1832—JACKSON Is RE-
ELECTED, DEFEATING HENRY CLAY—GEORGIA, THOUGH OPPOSED TO A
PROTECTIVE TARIFF, SUPPORTS JACKSON—REASONS FOR GIVING HER
VOTE TO OLD HICKORY—THE GREAT ANTI-TARIFF CONVENTION OF
1832 AT MlLLEDGEVILLE—FORSYTE AND BERRIEN ENGAGE IN A JOINT
DEBATE LASTING FOB THREE DAYS—ORATORY AT ITS HIGH TIDE—
ONLY A PARTIAL VICTORY WON BY THE ANTI-TARIFF AGITATORS—
SOUTH CAROLINA TAKES MORE RADICAL ACTION—COERCION Is
THREATENED, BUT MR. CLAY'S COMPROMISE POURS OIL ON THE
TROUBLED WATERS—POLITICAL CHANGES—THE STATE RIGHTS PARTY
Is ORGANIZED—THE UNION PARTY Is ALSO LAUNCHED—TROUPERS
AND CLARKITES DISAPPEAR—JUDGE KING SUCCEEDS MR. TROUP AS
UNITED STATES SENATOR—HIRAM WARNER MADE JUDGE OP THE NEW
COWETA CIRCUIT—JOHN FORSYTH BECOMES ATTORNEY-GENERAL IN
JACKSON'S CABINET—ALFRED CUTHBERT SUCCEEDS HIM IN THE FED
ERAL SENATE—THE METEORIC SHOWER OF 1833—THE STATE'S
CENTENNIAL.
Governor Gilmer was not re-elected to the executive chair in the fall
of 1831. It will be remembered that, in the preceding campaign, there
were two candidates of the Troup party in the field, and that, while the
Clark party was declining in strength, it held the balance of power at
this crisis and secured the election of Governor Gilmer by giving him a
strong support. Alienated, however, by failing to receive due recogni
tion from Governor Gilmer, the Clark party, in the election of 1831,
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