Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report - USGS

More documents

Recommendations

Info

USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Colonial National Historical Park Actaea racemosa (=Cimicifuga racemosa, black bugbane), Cardamine concatenata (cutleaf toothwort), Sanguinaria canadensis (bloodroot), Adiantum pedatum (northern maidenhair), Packera aurea (golden ragwort), and Luzula acuminata var. carolinae (Carolina woodrush). The grass Brachyelytrum erectum (bearded shorthusk) is abundant and characteristic of more submesic habitats (e.g., convex north slopes) occupied by the type. A number of herbaceous species found in this association are either at or near their northern range limit or are disjunct from a primary range farther west. Species in this group include Chasmanthium sessiliflorum (longleaf woodoats), Malaxis spicata (Florida adder's-mouth orchid), Ponthieva racemosa (hairy shadow witch), Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng), Actaea pachypoda (white baneberry), Solidago flexicaulis (zigzag goldenrod), Desmodium glutinosum (pointedleaf ticktrefoil), Mitella diphylla (twoleaf miterwort), Thalictrum dioicum (early meadow-rue), Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth), Aralia racemosa (American spikenard), Scutellaria ovata (heartleaf skullcap), Deparia acrostichoides (silver false spleenwort), and Diplazium pycnocarpon (glade fern). More floristic information is available in Ware and Ware (1992). Most Abundant Species: Stratum Lifeform Species Herb (field) Forb Actaea racemosa (= Cimicifuga racemosa, black bugbane), Arisaema triphyllum (Jack in the pulpit), Asarum canadense (Canadian wildginger), Cardamine concatenata (cutleaf toothwort), Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa (roundlobe hepatica), Packera aurea (golden ragwort), Sanguinaria canadensis (bloodroot) Herb (field) Graminoid Brachyelytrum erectum (bearded shorthusk) Herb (field) Fern or fern ally Adiantum pedatum (northern maidenhair) Characteristic Species: Acer barbatum (southern sugar maple), Asimina triloba (pawpaw), Brachyelytrum erectum (bearded shorthusk), Carpinus caroliniana (American hornbeam), Cercis canadensis var. canadensis (eastern redbud), Cornus alternifolia (alternateleaf dogwood), Fagus grandifolia (American beech), Ilex opaca var. opaca (American holly), Magnolia tripetala (umbrella-tree), Quercus muehlenbergii (chinkapin oak), Quercus rubra (northern red oak). Other Noteworthy Species: Information not available. USFWS Wetland System: Not applicable. DISTRIBUTION Range: This community is known from Gloucester, Isle of Wight, James City, and York counties and the City of Suffolk in southeastern Virginia. States/Provinces: VA. Federal Lands: DOD (Yorktown); NPS (Colonial). CONSERVATION STATUS Rank: G2? (8-Jan-2001). Reasons: This association is restricted to the southeastern Virginia Coastal Plain, on north- to east-facing slopes and adjacent low interfluves downcut into Tertiary shell deposits or limesands, including the Pliocene marine shell deposits of the calcium-rich Yorktown Formation. Many herbaceous species found in this association are either at or near their northern range limit or are disjunct from a primary range farther west. Some stands have been impacted by removal of more valuable timber species (e.g., Acer barbatum (southern sugar maple), Quercus alba (white oak), Quercus muehlenbergii (chinkapin oak), Quercus rubra (northern red oak)). In addition, timber harvest degrades this community by allowing additional light and aggressive growth of invasive 188
USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Colonial National Historical Park alien plants which thrive in well-lit, calcareous situations, including Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle). A few examples are protected in Colonial National Park, Virginia, but others (including the best examples) are highly threatened by timber removal and development. CLASSIFICATION INFORMATION Status: Standard. Confidence: 2 - Moderate. Comments: Classification of this type is based on quantitative analysis of a 1250-plot regional dataset produced for the NCR and mid-Atlantic National Parks vegetation mapping project. In this analysis, this association was represented by 22 plots from the southeastern Virginia Coastal Plain and was distinct from the related Fagus grandifolia - Liriodendron tulipifera - Carya cordiformis / Lindera benzoin / Podophyllum peltatum Forest (CEGL006055) of the adjacent Piedmont and northern Coastal Plain from central Virginia north to New Jersey. Forests of rich ravines of the southern Virginia Piedmont have similar canopies, but their understories are dominated by Aesculus sylvatica (painted buckeye); based on limited data, these represent Fagus grandifolia - Quercus rubra / Acer barbatum - Aesculus sylvatica / Actaea racemosa - Adiantum pedatum Forest (CEGL008466). This association is mostly a small-patch vegetation type. See Quercus muehlenbergii / Cercis canadensis / Dichanthelium boscii - Bromus pubescens - Erigeron pulchellus var. pulchellus - Aquilegia canadensis Forest (CEGL007748) for related, more xerophytic forests of south-facing ravine slopes in the same region. Similar Associations: • Fagus grandifolia - Liriodendron tulipifera - Carya cordiformis / Lindera benzoin / Podophyllum peltatum Forest (CEGL006055)--lacks Acer barbatum, has a less diverse and rich herbaceous layer, and occurs more widely, north to New Jersey. • Fagus grandifolia - Quercus rubra / Acer barbatum - Aesculus sylvatica / Actaea racemosa - Adiantum pedatum Forest (CEGL008466)--a similar rich mesic forest of the southern Piedmont from Virginia to Georgia. • Quercus muehlenbergii / Cercis canadensis / Dichanthelium boscii - Bromus pubescens - Erigeron pulchellus var. pulchellus - Aquilegia canadensis Forest (CEGL007748)--is a much drier, open forest with considerably different floristic composition. Related Concepts: • Acer barbatum - Fagus grandifolia - Quercus muehlenbergii / Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa Forest (VDNH 2003) = • Fagus grandifolia - Acer barbatum - Quercus muhlenbergii / Sanguinaria canadensis Forest (Patterson pers. comm.) ? • Basic Mesic Forest, Coastal Plain Calcareous Ravine Type (Fleming pers. comm.) ? SOURCES Description Authors: G. P. Fleming, mod. L. A. Sneddon. References: Fleming et al. 2001, Fleming pers. comm., Patterson pers. comm., Southeastern Ecology Working Group n.d., VDNH 2003, Ware and Ware 1992. 189
Page 1 and 2:
National Park Service U.S. Departme
Page 3 and 4:
USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program
Page 5 and 6:
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138: USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program
Page 187: USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369:
show all

Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report - USGS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?