Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report - USGS
Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report - USGS
Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report - USGS
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<strong>USGS</strong>-NPS <strong>Vegetation</strong> <strong>Mapping</strong> Program<br />
Colonial National Historical Park<br />
26a Patchy <strong>and</strong> variable wetl<strong>and</strong> altered by beavers or humans; shrubs <strong>and</strong><br />
herbaceous vegetation, often with st<strong>and</strong>ing dead trees; open water present,<br />
with wetl<strong>and</strong> forbs such as pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata), cattails<br />
(Typha spp.), <strong>and</strong> swamp loosestrife (Decodon verticillatus); common reed<br />
(Phragmites australis) often present. .............................................. Semipermanent Impoundment<br />
26b Open forest or woodl<strong>and</strong> cut off from regular tidal waters; dominated by<br />
red maple (Acer rubrum) with loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), swamp tupelo<br />
(Nyssa biflora), <strong>and</strong> sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), with st<strong>and</strong>ing<br />
dead trees; shrubs include wax myrtle (Morella cerifera) <strong>and</strong> swamp bay<br />
(Persea palustris). ..................................................................... Disturbed Tidal Hardwood Forest<br />
27a Forested wetl<strong>and</strong> occurring on the floodplains of small streams <strong>and</strong> rivers,<br />
with at least occasional overl<strong>and</strong> flooding. ..................................................................................... 28<br />
27b Forested wetl<strong>and</strong> of low-lying areas situated away from or well above<br />
rivers or streams; vegetation is groundwater flooded (seepage fed) <strong>and</strong><br />
rarely, if ever, flooded by rivers or streams. ................................................................................... 29<br />
28a Forested wetl<strong>and</strong> of small stream floodplains; soils well-drained;<br />
canopy characterized by sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), red<br />
maple (Acer rubrum), <strong>and</strong> tuliptree (Liriodendron tulipifera); diverse<br />
herbs but WITHOUT hydrophytic forbs characteristic of mucky<br />
substrates, such as lizard’s tail (Saururus cernuus); Nepalese browntop<br />
(Microstegium vimineum) may dominate along with herbs<br />
characteristic of more well-drained floodplains such as sweet<br />
woodreed (Cinna arundinacea), nodding fescue (Festuca<br />
subverticillata), white avens (Geum canadense), <strong>and</strong> New York fern<br />
(Thelypteris noveboracensis). ........... Coastal Plain / Piedmont Small-Stream Floodplain Forest<br />
28b Forested wetl<strong>and</strong> occurring on the outer edges of large floodplains;<br />
substrate mucky with st<strong>and</strong>ing water; canopy characterized by green ash<br />
(Fraxinus pennsylvanica) <strong>and</strong> red maple (Acer rubrum); hydrophytic forbs<br />
such as lizard’s tail (Saururus cernuus), rice cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides),<br />
blunt broom sedge (Carex tribuloides), greater marsh St. Johnswort<br />
(Triadenum walteri), <strong>and</strong> threeway sedge (Dulichium arundinaceum). ..............................................<br />
................. Coastal Plain / Piedmont Floodplain Swamp Forest (Green Ash – Red Maple Type)<br />
29a Small forested wetl<strong>and</strong> of topographic basins surrounded by upl<strong>and</strong>s. .......................................... 30<br />
29b Forested wetl<strong>and</strong> of ravine bottoms or broad, flat terraces. ............................................................ 32<br />
30a Isolated pond of anthropogenic origin, dominated by small diameter red<br />
maple (Acer rubrum) <strong>and</strong> sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) in the<br />
vincity of Green Spring. ............................................................... Disturbed Depressional Wetl<strong>and</strong><br />
30b Seasonally flooded forested wetl<strong>and</strong> of natural sinkhole ponds in the<br />
vicinity of Yorktown Battlefield. .................................................................................................... 31<br />
364
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