Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report - USGS

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USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Colonial National Historical Park SOURCES Description Authors: S.L. Neid, mod. L.A. Sneddon. References: Bartgis 1986, Coulling 2002, Eastern Ecology Working Group n.d., Fleming et al. 2004, Harrison 2004, J. Harrison pers. comm., New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection 2001, Strakosch Walz et al. 2006. 308
USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Colonial National Historical Park COMMON NAME (PARK-SPECIFIC): TIDAL FRESHWATER MARSH SYNONYMS USNVC English Name: Green Arrow-arum - Pickerelweed Tidal Herbaceous Vegetation USNVC Scientific Name: Peltandra virginica - Pontederia cordata Tidal Herbaceous Vegetation USNVC Identifier: CEGL004706 LOCAL INFORMATION Environmental Description: Tidal Freshwater Marsh includes herbaceous wetlands subject to regular diurnal flooding along the upper tidal reaches of large rivers and tributaries. Tidal Freshwater Marsh is found in the uppermost portion of the estuarine zone, where the inflow of saltwater from tidal influence is diluted by a much larger volume of freshwater from upstream. Strictly speaking, freshwater conditions have salt concentrations 1 m) graminoid-dominated Tidal Freshwater Marsh typically occurs along tidal river systems in shallow bays, at the heads of pocket marshes, or at the mouth of channels where Zizania aquatica var. aquatica (annual wildrice) dominates or codominates with other tidal marsh graminoids, such as Typha angustifolia (narrowleaf cattail). In Colonial National Historical Park, other species that may occur as minor associates, but not dominate, in the Freshwater Tidal Marsh include Eleocharis palustris (common spikerush), Leersia oryzoides (rice cutgrass), Typha angustifolia (narrowleaf cattail), Sagittaria subulata (awl-leaf arrowhead), Schoenoplectus pungens (common threesquare), Schoenoplectus americanus (chairmaker's bulrush), and Spartina cynosuroides (big cordgrass). Tidal Freshwater Marsh can occur as zoned vegetation with Typha angustifolia (narrowleaf cattail) as a near-shore zone, grading to Zizania aquatica var. aquatica (annual wildrice), with Peltandra virginica (green arrow arum) in the middle, open-water zone. Small areas of Tidal Freshwater Marsh may occur as inclusions in Oligohaline Marsh and are not mapped separately. Most Abundant Species: Stratum Lifeform Species Herb (field) Forb Peltandra virginica (green arrow arum) Herb (field) Graminoid Zizania aquatica var. aquatica (annual wildrice) Characteristic Species: Peltandra virginica (green arrow arum), Pontederia cordata (pickerelweed), Zizania aquatica var. aquatica (annual wildrice). Other Noteworthy Species: Information not available. Subnational Distribution with Crosswalk Data: State SRank Rel Conf SName Reference VA SNR* B 1 Tidal Freshwater Marsh Fleming et al. 2001 309
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Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report - USGS

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