Health Systems in Transition - Hungary - World Health Organization ...

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12 Health systems in transition Hungary In 2009, an estimated 31.4% of the population in Hungary aged 15 years and above were regular daily smokers. Between 2000 and 2009, the share of daily smokers among both men and women decreased in all age groups except for people 65 years of age or older in the total population and for women aged 35 to 64 years. Importantly, the share of the heavy smokers (defined as someone who smokes 20 or more cigarettes per day) reportedly decreased from 66% to 46% among men, and from 43% to 24% among women between 1994 and 2009 in those aged 15 to 64 years (HCSO, 2010e). In 2009 the death rate from causes related to alcohol and smoking was almost twice as high as the EU27 average and substantially higher than the EU12 average (WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2010). The European Statistics of Income and Living Condition (EU-SILC) survey regularly assesses the self-reported health status of the population in the EU. In 2008, 19.2% of respondents in Hungary reported that their health status was “bad” or “very bad”, compared to 9.5% in the EU27 as a whole. Conversely, the share of respondents reporting that their health status was “good” or “very good” was 55.2% in Hungary versus 68% in the EU27. There was a marked difference in self-reported health status between men and women in Hungary, with 58.9% of men compared to 52% of women reporting that their health status was “good” or “very good”, and 17% of men compared to 20.1% of women reporting that their health status was “bad” or “very bad” (European Commission, 2011). An important source of morbidity data in Hungary is the General Practitioners’ Morbidity Sentinel Stations Programme (GPMSSP), a joint initiative of the Faculty of Public Health at the University of Debrecen (Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségügyi Centrum Népegészségügyi Iskola) and the NPHMOS. As part of the programme, participating family doctor practices use standardized protocols to report data continuously on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis and some forms of malignant neoplasms (Széles et al., 2005). Table 1.7 shows selected findings of the GPMSSP for 2009. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are clearly important sources of disease burden in the Hungarian population. Moreover, looking at men and women separately reveals that acute myocardial infarction was almost twice as common – and chronic liver disease almost four times as common – among men as among women in 2009. Other data from the GPMSSP show that the prevalence of chronic liver disease was especially high in men aged 35 years and above (University of Debrecen, unpublished data from the General Practitioners’ Morbidity Sentinel Stations Programme, 2011).
Health systems in transition Hungary 13 Table 1.7 Prevalence of selected noncommunicable diseases in Hungary, 2009 (adults aged 20+ years, per 1000 population) Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Chronic liver disease Acute myocardial infarction Stroke Men 273.0 74.0 13.2 12.5 20.4 Women 339.7 73.5 3.5 6.9 17.0 Total 308.9 73.7 8.0 9.5 18.6 Source: Unpublished data from the General Practitioners’ Morbidity Sentinel Stations Programme, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, 2011. The results of the EHIS also provide an interesting picture of health status in Hungary, albeit one limited by the shortcomings of self-reported data. As can be seen in Table 1.8, the results of the survey indicate that Hungary had the highest share of respondents among all comparator countries for each of the selected diseases with the exception of asthma. Table 1.9 shows the share of respondents in Hungary, broken down according to age group, who in 2009 reported that they had been diagnosed with one or more diseases over the past 12 months. All self-reported statements on disease prevalence were followed up in the survey by a question asking whether the disease or condition had been diagnosed by a physician. Table 1.8 Share (%) of EHIS respondents in Hungary and available comparator countries reporting to have been diagnosed with one or more diseases (ICD-10) during the past 12 months, 2009 Depressive Hypertensive Pulmonary heart disease and diseases of pulmonary Diabetes mellitus disorders diseases circulation Asthma Austria 5.6 n/a 18.7 3.7 4.3 Bulgaria 4.2 0.8 22.6 3.3 2.0 Cyprus 5.6 2.4 17.5 2.4 3.9 Czech Republic 6.1 2.8 22.2 2.7 4.0 Estonia 3.5 n/a 17.7 2.1 2.3 France 5.2 3.7 12.4 4.3 7.0 Hungary 7.9 4.9 31.1 4.7 5.3 Latvia 3.7 1.6 21.7 3.3 2.3 Romania 3.1 0.8 13.7 1.7 1.6 Source: European Commission, 2011. Notes: ICD-10: International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision; n/a: Not available.
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Page 5 and 6: Contents Preface
Page 7 and 8: Preface The Health Systems in Trans
Page 9 and 10: Acknowledgements The Health System
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Page 19 and 20: Abstract Hungary has achieved a suc
Page 21 and 22: Executive summary Introduction Hung
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Page 31 and 32: 1. Introduction 1.1 Geography and s
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8. Conclusions Since the mid-1990s,
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The Health Systems in Transition pr
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The European Observatory on Health
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