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Future Tense<br />
There is no real future tense in Japanese; instead the present<br />
tense is used to express the future:<br />
mata ashita kimasu rainen Kyoto ni ikimasu<br />
[‘again tomorrow come’] [‘next year Kyoto to go’]<br />
I’ll come back tomorrow I’m going to Kyoto next year<br />
Asking Permission<br />
Asking permission to do something is indicated by the verb<br />
ending -te followed by ... i desu ka? (literally: is it allowed?):<br />
anata ni tegami o kaite i desu ka?<br />
[‘you to letter’ + ob. part. + ‘write is is allowed’ + question part.]<br />
can I write to you?<br />
Indicating Necessity<br />
Necessity is indicated by the verb ending -nakereba narimasen:<br />
ikimasu to go<br />
mo ikanakereba narimasen<br />
[‘already go must’]<br />
I have to go now<br />
kakimasu to write<br />
tegami o kakanakereba narimasen<br />
[‘letter’ + ob. part. + ‘write must’]<br />
I have to write a letter<br />
Indicating Wanting<br />
Wanting to do something is indicated by the verb ending<br />
-tai:<br />
okurimasu to send<br />
kore o Igirisu ni okuritai no desu ga<br />
[‘this’ + ob. part. + ‘England to send want request please’]<br />
I want to send this to England<br />
HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS<br />
■ Verbs<br />
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