Beneficiaries are actors too.pdf - Southern Institute of Peace ...

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more efficiently establish communication and liaison with the industry for policy and other industry issues. On the other hand, microfinance institutions, particularly locally based ones, feel they need to bolster their voice and work together to support each other and promote a more conducive environment for microfinance. Microfinance institutions play a fundamental role in funding social enterprises that are crucial in creating real value (combination of social and economic values). Due to that, their sound operation is of great benefit to all, over and above the great objective of meeting the financial needs of the poor who cannot access conventional funding schemes. Theoretical framework and methodology Our study will benefit from the framework developed by Hulme (2000) and Estapé‐ Dubreuil and Torreguitart‐ Mirada (2010). The first section will discuss the main elements to a conceptual framework put forward by Hulme (2000) whilst the second section will clarify the approach we used as guided by the work of Estapé‐ Dubreuil and Torreguitart‐ Mirada (2010). All impact assessment exercises have a conceptual framework at their heart and in many smaller scale exercises the framework is implicit and may be seen as “common sense” (Hulme, 2000). Our scale of analysis is zeroed to one town of Chinhoyi, which in this context will be considered a small scale exercise as compared to a national coverage. The three main elements to a conceptual framework as suggested by Hulme (2000) are as follows: a model of the impact chain that the study is to examine: This involves assessing the difference in the values of key variables between the outcomes on “agents” (individuals, enterprises, households, populations, policymakers) which have experienced an intervention against the values of those variables that would have occurred had there been no intervention. This takes the dimension of a control group and the experiment group; despite being so informative this study only considered one group (the experiment group). The 15
analysis will also be as much informative if instruments are well designed. the specification of the unit(s), or levels, at which impacts are assessed: Common units of assessment are the household, the enterprise or the institutional environment within which agents operate, thus producing a fuller picture of overall impacts. There are advantages and disadvantages to each unit of assessment used, however combining individual, household, enterprise and community units (Household Economic Portfolio- HEP) will present a comprehensive coverage of impacts and has an appreciation of linkages between units. Our study considers the HEP composed of individuals (the women), their households, enterprise (their small businesses) and community (in terms of jobs created by each enterprise). the specification of the types of impact that are to be assessed. Microfinance impact assessment can be directed to measure changes in income, with other popular variables being levels and patterns of expenditure, consumption and assets. The study focused on assessing the access to finance by women, in particular if microfinance is coming to the aid of these financially excluded family livelihood 'guarantors'. Secondarily, the study also looked at the contribution of women-led SMEs to meeting basic family needs like education and how many jobs are created for the local community. From this conceptual framework it follows that parameters for analysis need to be clearly outlined. There are a large number of parameters and variables that can be taken into account when considering the potential impacts of microfinance on women and women entrepreneurship. Our parameters for analysis will be influenced by the objectives of the study as in Estapé‐ Dubreuil and Torreguitart‐ Mirada (2010), considering that women are actors too in an effort to access finance despite the challenges they face. The different categories of our analytical framework are as follows: i. parameters linked to the Microfinance Institutions in which credit was (can be) obtained and women entrepreneurs perception on their limited access to 16
Page 1 and 2: Sustainable peace and development a
Page 3 and 4: Sustainable peace and development a
Page 5 and 6: Contents Introduction: The primacy
Page 7 and 8: its work on community, with special
Page 9 and 10: in Africa. The paper highlights the
Page 11 and 12: 1 Women's access to microfinance an
Page 13 and 14: all household members, especially i
Page 15 and 16: family well-being are often higher
Page 17 and 18: “[b]y plugging the gap left by th
Page 19: As at 30 July 2011 the country's ba
Page 23 and 24: not about bemoaning the limited acc
Page 25 and 26: approach the MFIs, is that “it wi
Page 27 and 28: d) Indicators of the social and eco
Page 29 and 30: Illiteracy creates a situation of d
Page 31 and 32: Disabilities: Lessons from Zambia a
Page 33 and 34: Abbreviations and acronyms CBNRM Co
Page 35 and 36: (Murindagomo, 1990). Its main appro
Page 37 and 38: percentages to the gross domestic p
Page 39 and 40: some trees were not supposed to be
Page 41 and 42: formulation will ensure their total
Page 43 and 44: the commons'. The concept of commun
Page 45 and 46: esources in these government estate
Page 47 and 48: management in Botswana and Namibia:
Page 49 and 50: Introduction This article seeks to
Page 51 and 52: esearchers come to study with backg
Page 53 and 54: the land US$750.00. Mudzi laid the
Page 55 and 56: case the chief's court sought the t
Page 57 and 58: The chief's personality This influe
Page 59 and 60: process of reporting a case is too
Page 61 and 62: and implies that offenders should r
Page 63 and 64: Cases reported to Chief Chounda bet
Page 65 and 66: 4 The role of Indigenous Knowledge
Page 67 and 68: enlarging the range of their choice
Page 69 and 70: this also served to promote food se
Page 71 and 72:
development strategies in Africa sh
Page 73 and 74:
countries seriously questioned why
Page 75 and 76:
especting their realities and prior
Page 77 and 78:
competing knowledge systems, charac
Page 79 and 80:
impressive in transforming poor peo
Page 81 and 82:
must be recognised if it is to be i
Page 83 and 84:
implications for sustainable conser
Page 85 and 86:
Pretty, J. N. (1994) Alternative sy
Page 87 and 88:
Introduction The United Nations Edu
Page 89 and 90:
Science educators have failed in th
Page 91 and 92:
education in this historical era th
Page 93 and 94:
esult may be disastrous. The HIV an
Page 95 and 96:
affairs and ultimately the adoption
Page 97 and 98:
esources, increasing green house ef
Page 99 and 100:
years, and yet it is less than 100
Page 101 and 102:
Fuchs, S. (2000) A social theory of
Page 103 and 104:
6 Re-examining the role of NGOs in
Page 105 and 106:
that NGOs are involved in when tryi
Page 107 and 108:
to see the causes of conflict as go
Page 109 and 110:
which the oil is located are disgru
Page 111 and 112:
communities putting into question t
Page 113 and 114:
The controversies surrounding NGOs'
Page 115 and 116:
conflict ridden African states, whe
Page 117 and 118:
in resolving conflict and peace bui
Page 119 and 120:
Recommendations To work effectively
Page 121 and 122:
Juma, M.K. (2008) Conflict Preventi
Page 123 and 124:
Introduction The Zimbabwean land re
Page 125 and 126:
Government or private agencies. Thi
Page 127 and 128:
credit facilities, new farmers in Z
Page 129 and 130:
control 49 percent in any business
Page 131 and 132:
implementation of investment progra
Page 133 and 134:
the ice-berg. Disadvantaged areas m
Page 135 and 136:
eventual agreement on the implement
Page 137 and 138:
they are simply recipients of polic
Page 139 and 140:
the government embarks on a nationw
Page 141 and 142:
farm ownership in the country. The
Page 143 and 144:
8 Community-driven conflict resolut
Page 145 and 146:
approximately 800,000 Rwandans and
Page 147 and 148:
their mediation skills.” The cell
Page 149 and 150:
well as centre-periphery thesis whi
Page 151 and 152:
justice In the post-genocide era, t
Page 153 and 154:
marginalized and disenfranchised fr
Page 155 and 156:
summarized and simplified versions
Page 157 and 158:
In Rwanda for example, citizens cou
Page 159 and 160:
Although the use of carrot and stic
Page 161 and 162:
abunzi and the formal system beckon
Page 163 and 164:
Kauzya, John-Mary. (2007) Political
Page 165 and 166:
Conclusion All through the papers,
Page 167 and 168:
About the editor Samuel Maruta is t
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