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Multiplication
To multiply two complex numbers in rectangular form, multiply the
real and imaginary parts of one in turn by the real and imaginary parts
of the other. For example, if
C1 � X1 � jY1 and C2 � X2 � jY2 then C 1 ⋅ C 2: X 1 � jY 1
and (14.32)
In Example 14.22(b), we obtain a solution without resorting to memorizing
Eq. (14.32). Simply carry along the j factor when multiplying
each part of one vector with the real and imaginary parts of the other.
EXAMPLE 14.22
a. Find C 1 ⋅ C 2 if
b. Find C 1 ⋅ C 2 if
4 � 180°
FIG. 14.57
Example 14.21(b).
X 2 � jY 2
��
X 1X 2 � jY 1X 2
� jX 1Y 2 � j 2 Y 1Y 2
����
X 1X 2 � j (X 1Y 1X 2 � X 1Y 2) � Y 1Y 2(�1)
C 1 ⋅ C 2 � (X 1X 2 � Y 1Y 2) � j (Y 1X 2 � X 1Y 2)
C 1 � 2 � j 3 and C 2 � 5 � j 10
C1 ��2 � j 3 and C2 ��4 � j 6
Solutions:
a. Using the format above, we have
C 1 ⋅ C 2� [(2)(5) � (3)(10)] � j [(3)(5) � (2)(10)]
� �20 � j35
b. Without using the format, we obtain
�2 � j 3
�4 � j 6
�8 � j 12
� j 12 � j 2 18
�8 � j (�12 � 12) � 18
and C 1 ⋅ C 2 � �26 � 26 �180°
j
–j
2
MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS WITH COMPLEX NUMBERS ⏐⏐⏐ 603
–4 � 180°
6
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