Effects of reduced plant height on breeding requirements and ...

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the lndication was that total barley nitrogen was not sígnificant in determining alpha_anylase. If this reLationship holds one could then expect to obtain genotypes with high levels <strong>of</strong> aJ.pha-anylase and low protein. That relationshi.p is desireable for malting quality. overalL. With the exception <strong>of</strong> sorne <strong>of</strong> the rel_ation- shíps with lodging, the phenotypic correlations reported fron the present Btudy are in general agreement with those present in the literature. Reduced <strong>plant</strong> <strong>height</strong> did give rise to superior straw strength ín this material, as was the eåse in the study by Konishí (l.9?6). This effect may have been partially related to the lower yields also associated with <strong>reduced</strong> <strong>height</strong> in the present stu
maturity and days in post-anthesis parameters, and the other agrononic eharacters in this study are interesting, part_ ícularly as they tend not to agree with previous reports. Past evidence has suggested early heading j-s assoeiateil with early maturity and hence lower yíeld. On the other hand, it has been postulated that a 1ong post_fertÍlÍzation period should Lead to hígher yie3.ds through more kernel deve lopment. îhe evÍdence <strong>of</strong> thls stud.y supports the latter hypothesis. The results suggest that the breeder should attempt to select llnee which head earty but do not necessarÍly mature early, in an attempt to rnaxímÍz e the grãin development period. Obviously one must be aware <strong>of</strong> the problems associated with "late" rnaturity, particularly in ryestern canada, and lengthening the post-anthesis period by means <strong>of</strong> later maturity may be undesírable. One would have to arbÍtrarily choose an optimum maturity dåte and attempt to achieve a rnaxÍmurn post-anthesis period by combining that with the earllest heading possible . In view <strong>of</strong> the positive association found between days to heading and maturity, perhaps 'rearly,r by rtlate erosses would give rlse to larger numbers <strong>of</strong> lines with varior¡s combinations <strong>of</strong> headi.ng time and maturity, and a broad range <strong>of</strong> post-anthesis periods. The post-anthesis periods would also oceur at slÍghtly different tines <strong>of</strong> the growing season¡ With this type <strong>of</strong> nateriaL one could perhaps better define the relati.onships involved and deternine, not only the ideal length <strong>of</strong> the grain deveropment period, but also defíne which L97
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University of Mani
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ACKNOWI,EDGMENTS It has been a grea
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ÎABI,E OF TONTENTS av írÞâ dô
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Þâ o-â r Days to l'{aturity ....
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vaal ËÞe rro Days to Heading . ".
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SUGGÊSTIONSFORFIIIURSRESEÀRCH ,.,
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11. Nitrogen Fertil-izer Applicatio
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TABT-,8 42, 43, I+4, r+5. 46. 48. 4
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74. 75" ?6, 77, 78,. 79, 80. 81" 82
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xvii i occurred for yield, but the
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I]TERATURE REVIEW Semi-dwarf Growth
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In the United States the barley bre
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Tabl-e 1. Broad Sense Ileritability
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Table 2. Broad Sense Heritability E
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wíth yield. fhis group discussed t
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ship in common wheat. 0n the other
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c onpared 'r . Two other important
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eported a non-significant positive
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majority of studie
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correfation between diastatic power
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extent. Frey et al-. (1951) indicat
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seni-dwarf wheats to nitrogen ferti
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number of spíkes
Page 47 and 48:
Stanberry and Lowrey (L965) reporte
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Íright be of grea
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from varyíng seeding rates in barl
Page 53 and 54:
Reports on the effect of</s
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the effect of seed
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l,upton et 41. (7974) pointed out t
Page 59 and 60:
Table 3. Pedigrees of</stro
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(4) 200 Kernel weight * record.ed i
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population, using individual line m
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Site Sanford 19?6 Clay Cawnan 19?6
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Orthogonal single degree of
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Experiment lV: _-.t0qlepptite lenet
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ferences between genotype s which w
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and plant
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Table 7. con¡tonêlts of</
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was significant" fhe only case in w
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(28 to 5B/"), as reported by nost o
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Table 8. Continued Range Lor{est Li
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the Highest Yielding l,ines within
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Phenot:'¡pic Corre-Lations Sinpl-e
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Table 10. (Cortínued) Châracteris
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did Syme (f972), Fonseca and patter
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significant negative correlation wi
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elãted negative association betwee
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Aglononie ChArae'qeri s! ic s Pl"an
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Table 12. N1Ërogen FertLlizer Àpp
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Teble 14. NltrogeÍ FertLlLzêr ApP
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Table 15. NíËrogen ¡'ertil,izer
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lable 16. Nltrogen Fertlllzer Appll
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freedom comparison indicated lqínn
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lab1e 19. Nftrogen trertÍlizer Áp
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Tâble 20, Nltrogei¡ FeltLltzêr A
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TabIe 22, Nltrogen Fertillzer Appli
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Table 23. Nitrogen Fertilizer Appl
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TabLe 25. Nltrogen Fefttlizef Appll
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itable 26. Nitrogen Fertfllzer Appl
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latlê 28. Nltrogen ¡'ertlllrer Ap
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Sanford â.nd Carnan, 1926, Since N
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Tabl-e 31 . Nítrogen Fertilizer Ap
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Îable33. Nítrogen Fertllizer Appl
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Table 34. Nitrogen Fertilfzer Appli
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îab1ê 36. NLtrogeî Fertl,LLzer A
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Table 38. Nitrogen Fertllizer Appli
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lab1e 39,. NLtrogen Fertllf¿er App
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Table 41. Nitïogen Iertillzer Appl
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Table 42. Nitrogen Fertllizer Appli
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'IabLe 44. Nítrogen ¡'ertilizer A
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Q UAT,TTY Cltq.RÀcTER rsrf ts Q ua
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lable 47. Nitrogen ¡'ertilLzer App
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Table 49. Nltrogen ferrlllzer AppLl
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îhe F x G i.nteraction at portage
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fable 52, Nltrogen Fertfllze¡ Appl
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'labLe 54- Seedlng Råte - Row Spac
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Table 55. Seeding Rate - Ror'7 Spac
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Table 57. Seeding Rate - Roúr Spac
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while the tall sho\^/ed virtually n
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Table 59. Seedlûg Rate - Row Spacl
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Table 60. Seedlng Rate - Row Spacin
Page 163 and 164: Table 61. Seedlng Rate - RotT Spaci
Page 165 and 166: Table 62, SeedLng Rate - Rorar Spac
Page 167 and 168: ?áble 64. Seedlng Rare - Ror.r Spa
Page 169 and 170: Table 65. SeedÍng Rate - Row Spaci
Page 171 and 172: Table 67. Seedfng Rate - Row Spací
Page 173 and 174: Table 68. AN0VA for Coleoptile Leng
Page 175 and 176: 'Iable 72. Means for Experíment IV
Page 177 and 178: Table 73. (Continued ) B Variables
Page 179 and 180: 'IabLe 74' Ranks of</strong
Page 181 and 182: Table 76. cenotype Means for Root D
Page 183 and 184: fabTe ?6 Cid not indicate this diff
Page 185 and 186: Table 79. Ranks of
Page 187 and 188: Tabl"e 81. ANOVA for Number <strong
Page 189 and 190: the second v¡as not significant (f
Page 191 and 192: Table 85. Mean Numbers of</
Page 193 and 194: of two locations f
Page 195 and 196: have increased the precision <stron
Page 197 and 198: showed no environmental interaction
Page 199 and 200: yield testlng experiments. Furtherm
Page 201 and 202: could in part account for the poor
Page 203 and 204: signlficant, the correl_ations were
Page 205 and 206: height and the qua
Page 207 and 208: trial period. The area in which the
Page 209 and 210: any specific cross. However, they d
Page 211 and 212: as strong nor as consl-stent as is
Page 213: with several critical agronomic par
Page 217 and 218: significantry rerated to several ot
Page 219 and 220: icularly when nore optimum growing
Page 221 and 222: would be useful to know the rerativ
Page 223 and 224: Kernel Weight Added N had little ef
Page 225 and 226: much as the tall genotypes. Also th
Page 227 and 228: îhe effects of N
Page 229 and 230: with the overall results of
Page 231 and 232: Phenotypicaì.J_y novel gernplasm,
Page 233 and 234: drastícaIIy changed phenotype as t
Page 235 and 236: should not be recomnended for produ
Page 237 and 238: One of the problem
Page 239 and 240: The associatíon between root growt
Page 241 and 242: GENER¡.L DTSCUSS]ON Since desired
Page 243 and 244: inheríted" observation of<
Page 245 and 246: indicated by this study suggests th
Page 247 and 248: individual lines. It is generally c
Page 249 and 250: sístent suppLy of
Page 251 and 252: possibílity of ir
Page 253 and 254: Testing et one site for one year wa
Page 255 and 256: height genotJpes t
Page 257 and 258: ïn terms of the o
Page 259 and 260: Concern has been expressed by dryla
Page 261 and 262: ), +. ( 6, 7, Attempts should be ma
Page 263 and 264: Beech' D.F" and M.J.T, Norman. 196g
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Day, A.D, and R.K. Thonpson, 1970.
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Guitard, 4,4., J.A. Neûrnan, and p
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Konishi, T. L976. The nature and ch
Page 271 and 272:
Pawlisch, P.E., and H.L. shandp. Lg
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Sisler, I^I.I^I, and p.J. Olsen. 19
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trIoodward, R.trI. 7956. The effect
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Appetrdr*' cenotvprc ìlêans fot j
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^ppendlx conrlnue¿- Genotype Plán
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.9anul¡uor xlpuâd¡¡V ezro tzz ,
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^pIe¡¡¿tx conrtnued. Solu It lß
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¿\tÎen¿lr conÈtnu€d, .,¡ÃE
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