Effects of reduced plant height on breeding requirements and ...

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plumpness, level- <strong>of</strong> alpha-any1ase, percent barley nitrogen and soluble aníno-nitrogen, 0f these traits cv. "Bonanza" differed only in that it was lower in kernef weight and alpha-amyl-ase, and higher in pereent ba!.ley nitrogen and soluble amino-nitrogen, than were the rneans <strong>of</strong> the experl- r'rental populations. 0n a mean basis, population C-7O-3 was significantly shorter than the others, which were both slíghtLy shorter than the control. 0vera11 decreased <strong>height</strong> <strong>of</strong> population C-7O-3 was emphasized by the fact that its tallest line was shorter than Bonanza. The greater mean <strong>plant</strong> <strong>height</strong> <strong>of</strong> C-70-1 and, C-7O-2 reflected the fact that these populatíons had lines taller thån the eontrol, and had more taller llnes than shorter f.ines, re l-atíve to C-7o-3 (ra¡re 9). Bonanza had more kernels per spike than any <strong>of</strong> the populations and C-70-3 had significantly fewer than the other populations. C-7A-2 had a greater mean number <strong>of</strong> days to heading than C-?0-1 and C-10-J, which did not differ from each other or the check. Population C-7O-j was earlier maturíng, with Banar.z,a next, followed by the other populations" Íhe same ranking occurred for days in post-anthesis. All populations were more resistant to lodging on a mean basis than was Bonanza. Differences between populations were difficult to determine due to large environmental influences but it seemed that C-7O-3 was most resÍstant followed by C-?A-Z and C-70-1, the Least resistant. 64
the Highest Yielding l,ines within Ëhe Plânt Height Categoríés Eor each <strong>of</strong> the Three Populations <strong>of</strong> Experiment I. Table 9. Mean Yiel-ds over all Envlronments <strong>of</strong> (Tall, Intermediate and Semi-dwarf) Plant Hetght Category (Pi{C) Height (cm.) Tall 74 InEermediate 68 to 74 Semi-dwarf 68 Control Genotype PITC Mean YieLd t std. err<strong>of</strong> No, <strong>of</strong> plots L1ínr64-62 Se¡ri-dwarf 465 ! 56 168 No. <strong>of</strong> Lines in Sampl: Mean Yiel-d <strong>of</strong> Best Line * lø - /ol ot) Best Line PHC Population 18 L4 11 IUJ 603 573 505 c701031 c701060 c701030 TalL Intermediate Semi-dwarf c-70-1 6T 23 636 596 519 c7 02024 c702053 c702068 Ta11 InLefinediate Serní-dwarf c-70-z ü 1 29 11 4I )23 639 s73 c703041 c703019 c703011 Ta11 InLermediaie Semi-dv¡arf c- 70- 3 140 66 25 231 636 639 573 c702024 c7030 i 9 c703011 Tal-1 Intermediale Semi-drvarf 0verall o.\ * l-l",:..:.s ol 2 replícales at eåch <strong>of</strong> 2 locations in each <strong>of</strong> 2 years.
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University of Mani
Page 3 and 4:
ACKNOWI,EDGMENTS It has been a grea
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ÎABI,E OF TONTENTS av írÞâ dô
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Þâ o-â r Days to l'{aturity ....
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vaal ËÞe rro Days to Heading . ".
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SUGGÊSTIONSFORFIIIURSRESEÀRCH ,.,
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11. Nitrogen Fertil-izer Applicatio
Page 15 and 16:
TABT-,8 42, 43, I+4, r+5. 46. 48. 4
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74. 75" ?6, 77, 78,. 79, 80. 81" 82
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xvii i occurred for yield, but the
Page 21 and 22:
I]TERATURE REVIEW Semi-dwarf Growth
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In the United States the barley bre
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Tabl-e 1. Broad Sense Ileritability
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Table 2. Broad Sense Heritability E
Page 29 and 30:
wíth yield. fhis group discussed t
Page 31 and 32: ship in common wheat. 0n the other
Page 33 and 34: c onpared 'r . Two other important
Page 35 and 36: eported a non-significant positive
Page 37 and 38: majority of studie
Page 39 and 40: correfation between diastatic power
Page 41 and 42: extent. Frey et al-. (1951) indicat
Page 43 and 44: seni-dwarf wheats to nitrogen ferti
Page 45 and 46: number of spíkes
Page 47 and 48: Stanberry and Lowrey (L965) reporte
Page 49 and 50: Íright be of grea
Page 51 and 52: from varyíng seeding rates in barl
Page 53 and 54: Reports on the effect of</s
Page 55 and 56: the effect of seed
Page 57 and 58: l,upton et 41. (7974) pointed out t
Page 59 and 60: Table 3. Pedigrees of</stro
Page 61 and 62: (4) 200 Kernel weight * record.ed i
Page 63 and 64: population, using individual line m
Page 65 and 66: Site Sanford 19?6 Clay Cawnan 19?6
Page 67 and 68: Orthogonal single degree of
Page 69 and 70: Experiment lV: _-.t0qlepptite lenet
Page 71 and 72: ferences between genotype s which w
Page 73 and 74: and plant
Page 75 and 76: Table 7. con¡tonêlts of</
Page 77 and 78: was significant" fhe only case in w
Page 79 and 80: (28 to 5B/"), as reported by nost o
Page 81: Table 8. Continued Range Lor{est Li
Page 85 and 86: Phenot:'¡pic Corre-Lations Sinpl-e
Page 87 and 88: Table 10. (Cortínued) Châracteris
Page 89 and 90: did Syme (f972), Fonseca and patter
Page 91 and 92: significant negative correlation wi
Page 93 and 94: elãted negative association betwee
Page 95 and 96: Aglononie ChArae'qeri s! ic s Pl"an
Page 97 and 98: Table 12. N1Ërogen FertLlizer Àpp
Page 99 and 100: Teble 14. NltrogeÍ FertLlLzêr ApP
Page 101 and 102: Table 15. NíËrogen ¡'ertil,izer
Page 103 and 104: lable 16. Nltrogen Fertlllzer Appll
Page 105 and 106: freedom comparison indicated lqínn
Page 107 and 108: lab1e 19. Nftrogen trertÍlizer Áp
Page 109 and 110: Tâble 20, Nltrogei¡ FeltLltzêr A
Page 111 and 112: TabIe 22, Nltrogen Fertillzer Appli
Page 113 and 114: Table 23. Nitrogen Fertilizer Appl
Page 115 and 116: TabLe 25. Nltrogen Fefttlizef Appll
Page 117 and 118: itable 26. Nitrogen Fertfllzer Appl
Page 119 and 120: latlê 28. Nltrogen ¡'ertlllrer Ap
Page 121 and 122: Sanford â.nd Carnan, 1926, Since N
Page 123 and 124: Tabl-e 31 . Nítrogen Fertilizer Ap
Page 125 and 126: Îable33. Nítrogen Fertllizer Appl
Page 127 and 128: Table 34. Nitrogen Fertilfzer Appli
Page 129 and 130: îab1ê 36. NLtrogeî Fertl,LLzer A
Page 131 and 132: Table 38. Nitrogen Fertllizer Appli
Page 133 and 134:
lab1e 39,. NLtrogen Fertllf¿er App
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Table 41. Nitïogen Iertillzer Appl
Page 137 and 138:
Table 42. Nitrogen Fertllizer Appli
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'IabLe 44. Nítrogen ¡'ertilizer A
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Q UAT,TTY Cltq.RÀcTER rsrf ts Q ua
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lable 47. Nitrogen ¡'ertilLzer App
Page 145 and 146:
Table 49. Nltrogen ferrlllzer AppLl
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îhe F x G i.nteraction at portage
Page 149 and 150:
fable 52, Nltrogen Fertfllze¡ Appl
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'labLe 54- Seedlng Råte - Row Spac
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Table 55. Seeding Rate - Ror'7 Spac
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Table 57. Seeding Rate - Roúr Spac
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while the tall sho\^/ed virtually n
Page 159 and 160:
Table 59. Seedlûg Rate - Row Spacl
Page 161 and 162:
Table 60. Seedlng Rate - Row Spacin
Page 163 and 164:
Table 61. Seedlng Rate - RotT Spaci
Page 165 and 166:
Table 62, SeedLng Rate - Rorar Spac
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?áble 64. Seedlng Rare - Ror.r Spa
Page 169 and 170:
Table 65. SeedÍng Rate - Row Spaci
Page 171 and 172:
Table 67. Seedfng Rate - Row Spací
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Table 68. AN0VA for Coleoptile Leng
Page 175 and 176:
'Iable 72. Means for Experíment IV
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Table 73. (Continued ) B Variables
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'IabLe 74' Ranks of</strong
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Table 76. cenotype Means for Root D
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fabTe ?6 Cid not indicate this diff
Page 185 and 186:
Table 79. Ranks of
Page 187 and 188:
Tabl"e 81. ANOVA for Number <strong
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the second v¡as not significant (f
Page 191 and 192:
Table 85. Mean Numbers of</
Page 193 and 194:
of two locations f
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have increased the precision <stron
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showed no environmental interaction
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yield testlng experiments. Furtherm
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could in part account for the poor
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signlficant, the correl_ations were
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height and the qua
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trial period. The area in which the
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any specific cross. However, they d
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as strong nor as consl-stent as is
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with several critical agronomic par
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maturity and days in post-anthesis
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significantry rerated to several ot
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icularly when nore optimum growing
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would be useful to know the rerativ
Page 223 and 224:
Kernel Weight Added N had little ef
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much as the tall genotypes. Also th
Page 227 and 228:
îhe effects of N
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with the overall results of
Page 231 and 232:
Phenotypicaì.J_y novel gernplasm,
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drastícaIIy changed phenotype as t
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should not be recomnended for produ
Page 237 and 238:
One of the problem
Page 239 and 240:
The associatíon between root growt
Page 241 and 242:
GENER¡.L DTSCUSS]ON Since desired
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inheríted" observation of<
Page 245 and 246:
indicated by this study suggests th
Page 247 and 248:
individual lines. It is generally c
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sístent suppLy of
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possibílity of ir
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Testing et one site for one year wa
Page 255 and 256:
height genotJpes t
Page 257 and 258:
ïn terms of the o
Page 259 and 260:
Concern has been expressed by dryla
Page 261 and 262:
), +. ( 6, 7, Attempts should be ma
Page 263 and 264:
Beech' D.F" and M.J.T, Norman. 196g
Page 265 and 266:
Day, A.D, and R.K. Thonpson, 1970.
Page 267 and 268:
Guitard, 4,4., J.A. Neûrnan, and p
Page 269 and 270:
Konishi, T. L976. The nature and ch
Page 271 and 272:
Pawlisch, P.E., and H.L. shandp. Lg
Page 273 and 274:
Sisler, I^I.I^I, and p.J. Olsen. 19
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trIoodward, R.trI. 7956. The effect
Page 277 and 278:
Appetrdr*' cenotvprc ìlêans fot j
Page 279 and 280:
^ppendlx conrlnue¿- Genotype Plán
Page 281 and 282:
.9anul¡uor xlpuâd¡¡V ezro tzz ,
Page 283 and 284:
^pIe¡¡¿tx conrtnued. Solu It lß
Page 285:
¿\tÎen¿lr conÈtnu€d, .,¡ÃE
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