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Nepal Hazard Risk Assessment
2.10 IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR
Department of Irrigation (CERD, 2007) has classified types of irrigation into three categories, i.e.
Surface irrigation, Ground water and non conventional irrigation. Application of type of irrigation
depends upon geographical location.
2.10.1 SURFACE IRRIGATION
The surface irrigation broadly covers Department of Irrigation (DoI) and Farmer Management Irrigation
System (FMIS). Most of the farwestern and mid-wastern regions are covered under FMIS. Central and
eastern part of Nepal is mostly covered by FMIS. However in Terai region, stretching from west to east,
both type of irrigation system exists. Figure 2.11, the map shows the proportion of surface irrigation area
in pie chart. The background show total area of surface irrigation in each district.
2.10.2 GROUND WATER IRRIGATION
Ground water irrigation includes deep and shallow tubewell systems. Figure 2.11 shows the irrigation
area in each zone covering Shallow Tubewell (STW) and Deep Tubewell (DTW) units per square
hectare. Figure 2.12 indicates that mostly ground water irrigation is belonging to Shallow tube well. The
density of Ground water irrigation is very high in Terai area. The reason for high density is due to high
water body density in Terai region. Deep Tubewell irrigation is mostly found in eastern, central and
farwest region. Mostly this irrigation is negligible in mountain and hill regions.
Figure 2.12. Distribution of ground water irrigation system in the country (source: (CERD, 2007))
Figure 2.11. Map showing distribution of DoI and FMIS surface irrigation system (source: (CERD, 2007))
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