Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
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women <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> limited means to assist with food purchasing ability. If eligible, recipients<br />
begin to receive the benefit during their sec<strong>on</strong>d trimester <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pregnancy and it ceases in the<br />
last m<strong>on</strong>th <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pregnancy. 29 Further questi<strong>on</strong>ing focused <strong>on</strong> the c<strong>on</strong>sumpti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> calcium<br />
and vitamin D c<strong>on</strong>taining food products (e.g. fortified milk and dairy, fish, eggs, etc.),<br />
and whether participants were open to various ways to enhance vitamin D and calcium<br />
intake. Few foods naturally c<strong>on</strong>tain vitamin D, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten leaving fortified milk as the main<br />
dietary source for a larger proporti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the populati<strong>on</strong>. 30<br />
Intake <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> calcium and vitamin<br />
D c<strong>on</strong>taining foodstuffs were assessed to determine if women and their developing<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fspring were at risk <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> having insufficient vitamin D c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
Two other secti<strong>on</strong>s focused <strong>on</strong> oral health. The “ECC pr<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ile” examined whether<br />
expectant mothers had heard <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ECC or “baby bottle tooth decay” in the vernacular, how<br />
they came to learn about it, whether they believed it to be a normal part <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> childhood, and<br />
what they believed were its causes. It also asked mothers whether they believed ECC<br />
was preventable. Participant’s knowledge <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> caring for an infant’s teeth, including when<br />
brushing should first be initiated, when the first dental visit should occur, and issues<br />
relating to breast and bottle feeding were assessed. The “maternal oral health pr<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ile”<br />
assessed dental attendance and whether participants were experiencing dental problems.<br />
The “exposure to sunlight” theme evaluated participant exposure to sunlight<br />
during summer m<strong>on</strong>ths for endogenous producti<strong>on</strong>, amount <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sun exposure received, and<br />
durati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sun exposure. Use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sunscreens, clothing, and insect repellants was also<br />
reviewed.<br />
The final theme, the “family & financial pr<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ile” recorded their relati<strong>on</strong>al status,<br />
number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pers<strong>on</strong>s in the household, highest level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> educati<strong>on</strong>, and issues related to<br />
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