Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health

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Surprisingly, the final regression model for enamel hypoplasia identified maternal awareness <strong>of</strong> vitamin D, milk intake, and margarine use as predictors. Finally, regression analyses for ECC and dt score revealed that enamel hypoplasia, infant age at the time <strong>of</strong> follow-up, and 25(OH)D concentrations were independent predictors <strong>of</strong> caries-risk. 6-36
References 1. Hildebolt CF. Effect <strong>of</strong> vitamin D and calcium on periodontitis. J Periodontol 2005; 76(9):1576-1587. 2. Grant WB. <strong>Vitamin</strong> D, periodontal disease, tooth loss, and cancer risk. Lancet Oncol 2008; 9(7):612-613. 3. The Committee Upon Dental Disease.Medical Research Council. The influence <strong>of</strong> diet on caries in children's teeth. Spec Rep Ser Med Res Counc (G B) 1931; 159:1- 19. 4. Eliot MM, Souther SP, Anderson BG, Arnim SS. A study <strong>of</strong> the teeth <strong>of</strong> a group <strong>of</strong> school children previously examined for rickets. Am J Dis Child 1934; 48(4):713- 729. 5. Purvis RJ, Barrie WJ, MacKay GS, Wilkinson EM, Cockburn F, Belton NR. Enamel hypoplasia <strong>of</strong> the teeth associated with neonatal tetany: a manifestation <strong>of</strong> maternal vitamin-D deficiency. Lancet 1973; 2(7833):811-814. 6. Nikiforuk G, Fraser D. The etiology <strong>of</strong> enamel hypoplasia: a unifying concept. J Pediatr 1981; 98(6):888-893. 7. Large DM, Mawer EB, Davies M. Dystrophic calcification, cataracts, and enamel hypoplasia due to long- standing, privational vitamin D deficiency. Metab Bone Dis Relat Res 1984; 5(5):215-218. 8. McDonnell D, Derkson G, Zhang L, Hlady J. Nutritional rickets in a 2-year-old child: case report. Pediatr Dent 1997; 19(2):127-130. 9. Seow WK, Brown JP, Tudehope DA, O'Callaghan M. Dental defects in the deciduous dentition <strong>of</strong> premature infants with low birth weight and neonatal rickets. Pediatr Dent 1984; 6(2):88-92. 10. Cockburn F, Belton NR, Purvis RJ, Giles MM, Brown JK, Turner TL et al. <strong>Maternal</strong> vitamin D intake and mineral metabolism in mothers and their newborn infants. Br Med J 1980; 281(6232):11-14. 11. Goodman AH, Martinez C, Chavez A. Nutritional supplementation and the development <strong>of</strong> linear enamel hypoplasias in children from Tezonteopan, Mexico. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53(3):773-781. 12. Genuis SJ, Schwalfenberg GK, Hiltz MN, Vaselenak SA. <strong>Vitamin</strong> D status <strong>of</strong> clinical practice populations at higher latitudes: analysis and applications. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2009; 6(1):151-173. 6-37
Page 1 and 2:
Influence
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Abstract Influence
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Acknowledgements This longitudinal
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Table of Contents
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Status and Non-<st
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Table 1.1-1 - Recent studies report
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Table 1.1-2 - Previous used terms f
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The Link Between Enamel Hypoplasia
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If enamel hypoplasia results from n
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malocclusions. 145 Additional human
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Daily intakes of v
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13. Milnes AR, Rubin CW, Karpa M, T
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40. Definition of
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71. Watt RG. From victim blaming to
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97. Fearne JM, Bryan EM, Elliman AM
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124. Burt BA, Pai S. Does low birth
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151. Tinanoff N, D
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Section 2 - Risk Factors for Enamel
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correspond to the timing of
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een published. 3,4,17,19 The intent
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Table 1.2-2 - Risk factors for DDE
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Opacity 51 Implicated Risk Developm
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Implicated Risk Factor Factors asso
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o Metabolic Abnormalities and Healt
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12 months of life.
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Other Factors Some uncommon risk fa
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devastating problem of</str
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13. An epidemiological index <stron
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54. Seow WK, Perham S. Enamel hypop
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82. Berdal A, Papagerakis P, Hotton
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Vitamin D may be d
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have been used to prof</str
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health’. In addition, articles we
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36 month trial had ended. 45 The nu
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Recently, a cross-sectional study <
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andomized, placebo-controlled study
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Further, amelogenin and enamelin, p
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A study of Austral
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Both dietary interventions and supp
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incidence of carie
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important nutrient. However, many <
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caries, and more hardening
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controls. 106 Interestingly, childr
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A few years later, additional resea
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Delayed Tooth Eruption Vita
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Description of Pop
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Influence
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D has an effect on the dentition, p
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14. Utiger RD. The need for more vi
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42. Spiller WF, Jr. A clinical eval
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67. Itota T, Tashiro Y, Torii Y, Ni
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95. Bruszt P. Kariesuntersuchungen
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121. Seow WK, Needleman HL, Holm IA
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Chapter 2 - Methods for a Prospecti
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Each participant also completed an
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Table 2.2 - Recognized case definit
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Population The target population fo
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allowed the project to suffer some
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women of limited m
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involving the surface of</s
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and training cup. In addition, each
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The questionnaire was administered
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statistics including frequencies an
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elationship between the two. Poisso
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References 1. Combs GF. Vit
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27. Seow WK, Amaratunge A, Bennett
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Table 3.2 - Self-declared heritage
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Question Number Valid % Do you take
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Maternal Awareness
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time of recruitmen
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Table 3.6- Prenatal</strong
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A total of 77 care
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indicated that they were receiving
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and 11 hypoplasia). DDEs were also
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Caries rates for children in this p
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Table 3.12 - Frequency of</
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Chapter 4 - Results: Associations <
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II. Relationship Between 25(OH)D Le
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Pregnancy & Health Prof</st
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The frequency of v
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did not (42.9 ± 21.2 nmol/L vs. 49
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Early Childhood Caries (ECC) Pr<str
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likely to have vitamin D levels at
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did not statistically differ from v
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Figure 4.4 - Predicted number <stro
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Table 4.7 - Relationship between ds
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frequently, and less likely to have
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health as average or poor, and more
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tail (p=.034) suggesting that early
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The next series of
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Results from the second model appea
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Table 5.6 - Multiple regression sta
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vitamin D. However, it did suggest
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significant at the bivariate level
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Table 5.12(a) - Logistic regression
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III. Multivariate Regression Analys
Page 194 and 195: Table 5.14 - Logistic regression fo
Page 200 and 201: Table 5.19(b) - Backwards logistic
Page 202 and 203: Table 5.20(a) - Logistic regression
Page 204 and 205: Table 5.21 - Poisson regression for
Page 206 and 207: If enamel hypoplasia is present and
Page 208 and 209: Since maternal calcium levels were
Page 210 and 211: vitamin D deficiency, and rickets)
Page 212 and 213: to obtain it. Health literacy may b
Page 214 and 215: vitamin D from the diet as dietary
Page 216 and 217: home environment can be determinant
Page 218 and 219: hormone, calcium absorption and bon
Page 220 and 221: important nutrient. For many, this
Page 222 and 223: this potential relationship with ac
Page 224 and 225: genetic conditions, childhood medic
Page 226 and 227: vitamin D status including milk int
Page 228 and 229: y cariogenic oral flora. 49 Since e
Page 230 and 231: (49.8 ± 26.3 nmol/L vs. 45.1 ± 20
Page 232 and 233: pregnancy, which may have influence
Page 234 and 235: observed and it allowed multiple ou
Page 236 and 237: scientific evidence linking prenata
Page 238 and 239: cognizant that children who undergo
Page 240 and 241: preventive program would need to be
Page 242 and 243: makers in the formative stages. As
Page 246 and 247: 13. First Nations IaMHCCPS. <strong
Page 248 and 249: 38. Hollis BW. Circulating 25-hydro
Page 250 and 251: 65. Li Y, Navia JM, Bian JY. Caries
Page 252 and 253: 91. Brownell MD, Guevremont A, Au W
Page 254 and 255: Chapter 7 - Conclusions This thesis
Page 256 and 257: This study provided an interesting
Page 258: esiding in disadvantaged communitie
Page 271 and 272: If you are taking vitamins during t
Page 273 and 274: Do you Eat? Never Rarely (less than
Page 275 and 276: What problems can early childhood c
Page 277 and 278: Prenatal Nutrition
Page 279 and 280: Did you ever add sugar to the bottl
Page 281 and 282: Enamel Hypoplasia Enamel Hypoplasia
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