Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
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A 1971 publicati<strong>on</strong> presented results <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a small randomized, double-blinded,<br />
placebo-c<strong>on</strong>trolled trial testing the effects <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a calcium carb<strong>on</strong>ate supplement <strong>on</strong><br />
period<strong>on</strong>tal disease. 42 The supplement being administered over the <strong>on</strong>e year study period<br />
was OS-CAL®, which c<strong>on</strong>tained 750mg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> calcium and 375 IU <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> vitamin D. 42 While<br />
exact period<strong>on</strong>tal measures were not presented, nine <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 15 individuals (60%) in the<br />
experimental group dem<strong>on</strong>strated significant improvement in their period<strong>on</strong>tal status<br />
compared to <strong>on</strong>ly three <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 18 (16.6%) taking placebo. 42<br />
Cross-secti<strong>on</strong>al evidence from 6,700 youth and adults who participated in the<br />
third Nati<strong>on</strong>al <strong>Health</strong> and Nutriti<strong>on</strong> Examinati<strong>on</strong> Survey (NHANES III) revealed that<br />
those in the highest 25(OH)D quintile group (median level > 80 nmol/L) had significantly<br />
less bleeding <strong>on</strong> probing than those in the lowest quintile group. 43 Likewise, significant<br />
associati<strong>on</strong>s between 25(OH)D levels and the proporti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> calculus, mean probing<br />
pocket depth, and mean gingival attachment loss were identified. Overall, there was less<br />
calculus, lower mean probing pocket depths, and less mean attachment loss associated<br />
with higher 25(OH)D quintiles. 43<br />
Regressi<strong>on</strong> modeling c<strong>on</strong>trolling for many study<br />
variables also revealed less gingival bleeding <strong>on</strong> probing with higher 25(OH)D levels. 43<br />
Further analysis <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> data from NHANES III relating to 25(OH)D serum c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
and period<strong>on</strong>tal disease revealed significantly greater period<strong>on</strong>tal attachment loss (AL)<br />
am<strong>on</strong>g older adult males and females (≥ 50 years <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> age) with lower 25(OH)D levels,<br />
even after linear regressi<strong>on</strong> analyses. 44<br />
Overall, it appeared that higher 25(OH)D<br />
c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s were significantly associated with less period<strong>on</strong>tal attachment loss. 44<br />
A randomized c<strong>on</strong>trolled trial evaluating the benefits <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> calcium and vitamin D<br />
supplementati<strong>on</strong> am<strong>on</strong>g the elderly included period<strong>on</strong>tal examinati<strong>on</strong>s two years after the<br />
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