Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health

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How do you get to and from shopping for groceries? Walk Drive Bus Taxi Friend Where do you buy most <strong>of</strong> your family’s food? Supermarket (Safeway, IGA, Superstore, etc) Convenience store (7-11, Macs) Community grocery store Corner store Foodbank Family or friends Other:__________________ Do you only buy what you can carry in one trip? Yes No Do you only buy what is available at your nearest food store? Yes No Sometimes Do you bring your children with you when you shop for food? Yes No If yes, does this limit what you can buy during that shopping trip? Yes No Are you the main shopper for food in your family? Yes No Are you using a foodbank right now? Yes No If yes, which foodbank? ____________________________________________________________ If no, do you think might use a foodbank during this pregnancy? Yes No Are able to buy all the foods you’ll need to be healthy during this pregnancy? Yes No Do you go to or ever been to a “Healthy Baby” community program (e.g. Healthy Start Mom & Me)? Yes No Have you heard about the “Healthy Baby” Manitoba <strong>Prenatal</strong> Benefit? Yes No Are you getting the new “Healthy Baby” Manitoba <strong>Prenatal</strong> Benefit” from the Province <strong>of</strong> Manitoba right now? Yes No Never Rarely (less than once a week) Sometimes (once a week or more, but less than once a day) Often (once a day or more) Do you drink milk? Never Rarely Sometimes Often Do you cook with milk? Never Rarely Sometimes Often Do you use milk with cereal? Never Rarely Sometimes Often Do you use milk in c<strong>of</strong>fee or drinks? Never Rarely Sometimes Often In your opinion is milk a good source <strong>of</strong> calcium and vitamin D? Yes No Unsure What kind <strong>of</strong> milk do you use at home? Homogenized 2 % 1% Skim Buttermilk Powdered Soy milk (fortified) Calcium enriched milk Does milk or other milk products (e.g. yogurt, cheese) upset your stomach? Yes No If yes, does this mean you eat less <strong>of</strong> them? Yes No Have you been using more milk and milk products now that you are pregnant? Yes No Questionnaire Version 8 – May, 2002 Page 3 <strong>of</strong> 7
Do you Eat? Never Rarely (less than once a week) Sometimes (once a week or more, but less than once a day) Often (once a day or more) Fish Never (Tuna, Rarely Salmon, etc.) Sometimes Often Liver Never Rarely Sometimes Often Animal Organ Meats (kidney, heart, etc.) Cook with Animal Bones (soup, etc.) Eggs Margarine Milk Cheese Yogurt Sour Cream Ice Cream Never Rarely Sometimes Often Never Rarely Sometimes Often Never Rarely Sometimes Often Never Rarely Sometimes Often Never Rarely Sometimes Often Never Rarely Sometimes Often Never Rarely Sometimes Often Never Rarely Sometimes Often Never Rarely Sometimes Often If Never or Rarely, Why (check all that apply)? Too expensive Don’t like the taste Upsets my stomach Not available where I shop Other ________________ Too expensive Don’t like the taste Upsets my stomach Not available where I shop Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Too expensive Upsets my stomach Other _______________ Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Don’t like the taste Not available where I shop Questionnaire Version 8 – May, 2002 Page 4 <strong>of</strong> 7
Page 1 and 2:
Influence
Page 3 and 4:
Abstract Influence
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Acknowledgements This longitudinal
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Table of Contents
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Status and Non-<st
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Table 1.1-1 - Recent studies report
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Table 1.1-2 - Previous used terms f
Page 15 and 16:
The Link Between Enamel Hypoplasia
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If enamel hypoplasia results from n
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malocclusions. 145 Additional human
Page 21 and 22:
Daily intakes of v
Page 23 and 24:
13. Milnes AR, Rubin CW, Karpa M, T
Page 25 and 26:
40. Definition of
Page 27 and 28:
71. Watt RG. From victim blaming to
Page 29 and 30:
97. Fearne JM, Bryan EM, Elliman AM
Page 31 and 32:
124. Burt BA, Pai S. Does low birth
Page 33 and 34:
151. Tinanoff N, D
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Section 2 - Risk Factors for Enamel
Page 37 and 38:
correspond to the timing of
Page 39 and 40:
een published. 3,4,17,19 The intent
Page 41 and 42:
Table 1.2-2 - Risk factors for DDE
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Opacity 51 Implicated Risk Developm
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Implicated Risk Factor Factors asso
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o Metabolic Abnormalities and Healt
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12 months of life.
Page 51 and 52:
Other Factors Some uncommon risk fa
Page 53 and 54:
devastating problem of</str
Page 55:
13. An epidemiological index <stron
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54. Seow WK, Perham S. Enamel hypop
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82. Berdal A, Papagerakis P, Hotton
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Vitamin D may be d
Page 64 and 65:
have been used to prof</str
Page 66 and 67:
health’. In addition, articles we
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36 month trial had ended. 45 The nu
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Recently, a cross-sectional study <
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andomized, placebo-controlled study
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Further, amelogenin and enamelin, p
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A study of Austral
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Both dietary interventions and supp
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incidence of carie
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important nutrient. However, many <
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caries, and more hardening
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controls. 106 Interestingly, childr
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A few years later, additional resea
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Delayed Tooth Eruption Vita
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Description of Pop
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Influence
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D has an effect on the dentition, p
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14. Utiger RD. The need for more vi
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42. Spiller WF, Jr. A clinical eval
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67. Itota T, Tashiro Y, Torii Y, Ni
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95. Bruszt P. Kariesuntersuchungen
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121. Seow WK, Needleman HL, Holm IA
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Chapter 2 - Methods for a Prospecti
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Each participant also completed an
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Table 2.2 - Recognized case definit
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Population The target population fo
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allowed the project to suffer some
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women of limited m
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involving the surface of</s
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and training cup. In addition, each
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The questionnaire was administered
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statistics including frequencies an
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elationship between the two. Poisso
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References 1. Combs GF. Vit
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27. Seow WK, Amaratunge A, Bennett
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Table 3.2 - Self-declared heritage
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Question Number Valid % Do you take
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Maternal Awareness
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time of recruitmen
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Table 3.6- Prenatal</strong
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A total of 77 care
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indicated that they were receiving
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and 11 hypoplasia). DDEs were also
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Caries rates for children in this p
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Table 3.12 - Frequency of</
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Chapter 4 - Results: Associations <
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II. Relationship Between 25(OH)D Le
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Pregnancy & Health Prof</st
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The frequency of v
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did not (42.9 ± 21.2 nmol/L vs. 49
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Early Childhood Caries (ECC) Pr<str
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likely to have vitamin D levels at
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did not statistically differ from v
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Figure 4.4 - Predicted number <stro
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Table 4.7 - Relationship between ds
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frequently, and less likely to have
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health as average or poor, and more
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tail (p=.034) suggesting that early
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The next series of
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Results from the second model appea
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Table 5.6 - Multiple regression sta
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vitamin D. However, it did suggest
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significant at the bivariate level
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Table 5.12(a) - Logistic regression
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III. Multivariate Regression Analys
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Table 5.14 - Logistic regression fo
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Page 198 and 199:
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Table 5.19(b) - Backwards logistic
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Table 5.20(a) - Logistic regression
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Table 5.21 - Poisson regression for
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If enamel hypoplasia is present and
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Since maternal calcium levels were
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vitamin D deficiency, and rickets)
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to obtain it. Health literacy may b
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vitamin D from the diet as dietary
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home environment can be determinant
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hormone, calcium absorption and bon
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important nutrient. For many, this
Page 222 and 223: this potential relationship with ac
Page 224 and 225: genetic conditions, childhood medic
Page 226 and 227: vitamin D status including milk int
Page 228 and 229: y cariogenic oral flora. 49 Since e
Page 230 and 231: (49.8 ± 26.3 nmol/L vs. 45.1 ± 20
Page 232 and 233: pregnancy, which may have influence
Page 234 and 235: observed and it allowed multiple ou
Page 236 and 237: scientific evidence linking prenata
Page 238 and 239: cognizant that children who undergo
Page 240 and 241: preventive program would need to be
Page 242 and 243: makers in the formative stages. As
Page 244 and 245: Surprisingly, the final regression
Page 246 and 247: 13. First Nations IaMHCCPS. <strong
Page 248 and 249: 38. Hollis BW. Circulating 25-hydro
Page 250 and 251: 65. Li Y, Navia JM, Bian JY. Caries
Page 252 and 253: 91. Brownell MD, Guevremont A, Au W
Page 254 and 255: Chapter 7 - Conclusions This thesis
Page 256 and 257: This study provided an interesting
Page 258: esiding in disadvantaged communitie
Page 271: If you are taking vitamins during t
Page 275 and 276: What problems can early childhood c
Page 277 and 278: Prenatal Nutrition
Page 279 and 280: Did you ever add sugar to the bottl
Page 281 and 282: Enamel Hypoplasia Enamel Hypoplasia
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Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health

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