Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
Influence of Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status on Infant Oral Health
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Tooth Loss and Alveolar B<strong>on</strong>e Loss<br />
Investigators using data from NHANES III found that there was a significant relati<strong>on</strong>ship<br />
between 25(OH)D levels <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> participants and the mean number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> missing teeth. 43 Those<br />
in the highest quintile <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 25(OH)D, with a median exceeding 80 nmol/L, had significantly<br />
fewer missing teeth than those individuals in lower groups. 43<br />
A three year randomized, placebo-c<strong>on</strong>trolled trial <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> older adults receiving<br />
calcium (500mg/day) and vitamin D supplementati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 700 IU/day to study their effects<br />
<strong>on</strong> b<strong>on</strong>e loss from the hip also included sec<strong>on</strong>dary outcome measures relating to oral<br />
health status <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the participants. 45 Participants were then followed for another two years<br />
after the trial ended. During the trial period, logistic regressi<strong>on</strong> analyses c<strong>on</strong>cluded that<br />
those receiving supplementati<strong>on</strong> had significantly lower odds <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> tooth loss compared with<br />
adults in the c<strong>on</strong>trol group. 45 However, at the c<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the two year follow-up phase,<br />
no significant relati<strong>on</strong>ship was found between vitamin D intake and tooth loss. 45 Overall,<br />
this study provided str<strong>on</strong>g evidence that vitamin D and calcium supplementati<strong>on</strong> can<br />
significantly improve tooth retenti<strong>on</strong> am<strong>on</strong>g the elderly. 45<br />
Finally, a l<strong>on</strong>gitudinal study <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> American veterans reveals that the adjusted mean<br />
number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> teeth lost was significantly associated with the presence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Apa I VDR AA<br />
genotype (p=.04), which is c<strong>on</strong>siderable since there were no significant differences in the<br />
number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> teeth present at baseline. 51<br />
In additi<strong>on</strong> to tooth loss it appears that vitamin D status plays a fundamental role<br />
in the maintenance <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> oral b<strong>on</strong>e. A cross-secti<strong>on</strong>al study <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> healthy postmenopausal<br />
women with edentulous mandibular arches with severe residual ridge resorpti<strong>on</strong> were<br />
found to have low circulating c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 25(OH)D. 58 Meanwhile, a <strong>on</strong>e year<br />
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