Implementing Multiple Gender Strategies to Improve HIV and ... - ICRW

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Gender and HIV component (Sisters-for-Life curriculum): A two-phase participatory learning program called Sisters-for-Life (SFL) was developed and integrated into the microfinance component of the intervention during a 12-month period. In the first phase, trained staff provided 10 one-hour trainings to participants in the microfinance program on gender roles, cultural beliefs, relationships, communication, gender-based violence and HIV infection. The sessions also aimed to strengthen communication skills, critical thinking and leadership. The second phase focused on community mobilization, including reaching youth and men to address community and male norms around gender and HIV. Members of the microfinance group elected “natural leaders” to participate in a further week of training to lead their loan centers as community mobilizers. These leaders subsequently organized more than 60 community events, including meetings with village chiefs, police, schools, clinics, and soccer clubs, as well as marches to raise awareness about gender-based violence and HIV. Leaders also established two new village committees to address rape and alcohol use among youth. Target Audience Women who reside in low-income households within villages selected for the program Level of Intervention • Province • Community Geographic Location Sekhukhuneland, Limpopo Province Timeframe • September 2001–March 2005 (IMAGE pilot program and evaluation) • 2005–ongoing (IMAGE program continuing to scale up in Limpopo Province) Funders • Anglo American Chairman’s Fund • Anglo Platinum • Ford Foundation • UK Department for International Development (DFID) • The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation • International Humanist Institute for Cooperation with Developing Countries (HIVOS) • South African Department of Health • Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) Partner Organizations Implementation partners: • Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Program (RADAR), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand • Small Enterprise Foundation (SEF) Evaluation partner: • London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) 122
IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS Start-up and Implementation Process RADAR and SEF staff first held joint knowledge-sharing and planning workshops. They then conducted formative research to gauge how to integrate a gender and HIV approach into an existing microfinance program. RADAR, drawing on experience designing and implementing training curricula on gender, gender-based violence, and HIV/AIDS, created the SFL curriculum in consultation with ADAPT, a South African genderbased violence NGO. Facilitators—RADAR staff—were first trained in the curriculum as participants. RADAR then pilot tested the curriculum with a group of people living with HIV, a women’s agricultural group, a women’s church project and a local youth group. Local Involvement/ Ownership The communities contribute facilities (such as community buildings, the chief’s house, local shops, etc.) for the fortnightly microfinance and HIV training meetings. The Small Enterprise Foundation’s microfinance component recovers all operational costs and is therefore financially sustainable (Pronyk et al., 2005). However, the gender and HIV component requires inputs from an organization with expertise in gender and HIV. An economic evaluation estimated the additional cost of the gender and HIV component at $43/client in the pilot phase and $13/client in the initial scaleup phase (Jan et al., 2008). Evaluation Methodology • Cluster randomized trial: Eight villages were pair-matched and one village in each pair was randomly selected to receive the intervention. Within each intervention or control village, three cohorts of participants were recruited: 1) direct participants—women participating in the IMAGE program (or matched controls); 2) household youth—young men and women (age 14–35) residing in the households of loan recipients (or those of controls); and 3) community youth—young men and women (age 14–35) residing in randomly selected households within the intervention or control site. Participants in the first two groups were followed for a two-year period, while those in the third group were followed for three years. The cohort of direct participants included 430 loan recipients and an equal number of age- and income-level matched controls ranging in age from 18 to 96 years (mean age was 42 years). Outcome measures among this group included past-year experience of physical or sexual intimate partner violence, household economic wellbeing, and nine indicators on gender equity/empowerment (including self-confidence, financial confidence, challenging gender norms, autonomy in decision making, perceived contribution to the household, communication within the household, relationship with partner, social group membership and participation in collective action). In addition, sexual risk behavior was compared among young (
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| AIDS AIDSTAR-One Support and Tech
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INTEGRATING MULTIPLE GENDER STRATEG
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CONTENTS Acronyms..................
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Mama’s Club Memory Book .........
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ACRONYMS AED AEMCI AIDS AMREF AOSCI
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to t
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The public health
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INTRODUCTION The public health and
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• Identify current, promising pro
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• Snowball sampling of gender and
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LIMITATIONS This compendium is limi
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program, and small-scale programs s
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Child Security Project in South Afr
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elated efforts. The Mozambique SSTO
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RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Programs should
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PROGRAM DESCRIPTIONS TARGETING AND
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transmission and explain how the pr
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Tel: + 267 319 1816 / Fax: + 267 31
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Sessions center around small group
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Supervision occurs on two levels: s
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issues. • Involve uniformed perso
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a new bridge to the health care sys
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and among working girls, 77 percent
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ETHIOPIAN RADIO SERIAL DRAMAS TO PR
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• Ministry of Health Evaluation p
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64 percent at baseline. • Ethiopi
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• Conduct a post-intervention sur
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promotes HIV prevention through pee
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Evaluation Methodology • Monitori
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Program Refe
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and produces materials in media tha
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During implementation, participants
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• Communities claim ownership of
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part of this strategy, Maanisha has
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the cultural practices and sexual b
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Langata Road, P.O Box 27691 - 00506
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developing memory books, scrapbooks
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• Quantitative data collection: D
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POST RAPE CARE LEAD ORGANIZATIONS:
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Funders • Trócaire • The U.S.
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Recommendations for Replication •
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seminars with invited guest speaker
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Page 88 and 89: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Program Refe
Page 90 and 91: treatment of sexually transmitted i
Page 92 and 93: • National Survey on the Reproduc
Page 94 and 95: woman’s ability to negotiate and
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Page 98 and 99: empowers them to make healthier cho
Page 100 and 101: Service on replication. TIOS is als
Page 102 and 103: WOMEN FIRST (MULHERES PRIMERO) LEAD
Page 104 and 105: Funders • Canadian International
Page 106 and 107: $45,000 $40,000 $35,000 $30,000 $25
Page 108 and 109: MALE NORMS INITIATIVE LEAD ORGANIZA
Page 110 and 111: IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS Start-up
Page 112 and 113: assistance is no longer necessary i
Page 114 and 115: collaboration with relevant governm
Page 116 and 117: involvement in protecting the right
Page 118 and 119: assertiveness, puberty and gender-b
Page 120 and 121: traditional practices, and knowledg
Page 122 and 123: POLYCLINIC OF HOPE CARE AND TREATME
Page 124 and 125: Partner Organizations Implementatio
Page 126 and 127: international workshop was convened
Page 128 and 129: THE FATHERHOOD AND CHILD SECURITY P
Page 130 and 131: • Community leaders including tra
Page 132 and 133: After the session, 100 percent beli
Page 134 and 135: KwaZulu-Natal and OR Tambo, Eastern
Page 138 and 139: Evaluation Results • Cluster rand
Page 140 and 141: Rural South Africa: A Cluster Rando
Page 142 and 143: accompanied by djembe drumming. Onc
Page 144 and 145: staff intended for partner organiza
Page 148 and 149: Young men also build knowledge arou
Page 150 and 151: • Project completion report: The
Page 154 and 155: character, Matlakala, is in an abus
Page 156 and 157: • The Presidency • Society For
Page 158 and 159: society stakeholders. • While eve
Page 160 and 161: 4. Contraception, conception and me
Page 162 and 163: IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS Start-up
Page 164 and 165: Challenges and Unforeseen Outcomes
Page 166 and 167: WOMEN’S HEALTH COOP, PRETORIA LEA
Page 168 and 169: female condoms to distribute in com
Page 172 and 173: to contraceptives (particularly con
Page 174 and 175: • Periodic household surveys: A b
Page 176 and 177: Resources Promises an Exciting Year
Page 178 and 179: stressed families in their home env
Page 180 and 181: generating activities and home visi
Page 182 and 183: LESSONS LEARNED AND CHALLENGES Key
Page 184 and 185: HIV & AIDS COUNSELING AND SERVICES
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Timeframe 1987-ongoing; the current
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multisectoral approach and that res
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Peer educators also aim to increase
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Challenges and Unforeseen Outcomes
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In collaboration with legal organiz
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Replication and Scale-up Activities
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THE SASA! ACTIVIST KIT FOR PREVENTI
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Timeframe 2008-ongoing Funders •
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• Engaging a cross-section of act
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CORRIDORS OF HOPE II LEAD ORGANIZAT
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Geographic Location Seven towns: Ka
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of HIV counseling and testing and t
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Program Refe
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APPENDIX 1: ONLINE SEARCH PROCESS T
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APPENDIX 2: SURVEY INSTRUMENT BACKG
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1.10 Does the project address incre
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Section 5: LESSONS LEARNED AND FEAS
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Country Program Name Lead Organizat
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Gender Strategy Addressed Type of H
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AIDSTAR-One John Snow, Inc. 1616 No
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