Implementing Multiple Gender Strategies to Improve HIV and ... - ICRW

Evaluation
Methodology
• Gender analysis: In 2005, an external evaluator conducted a gender
analysis of TAI programming for the Joint Oxfam HIV/AIDS Program
(JOHAP).
• Project completion report: In 2001, Oxfam Community Aid Abroad (now
Oxfam Australia) compiled a completion report for the Australian
Agency for International Development, funder of the project from 1998
to 2001, that reviews program objectives, outcomes and performance,
as well as successes, difficulties and lessons learned. The report also
discusses findings from data collection efforts during this time period,
including questionnaires and focus group discussions, as well as
analysis of data.
• Qualitative data collection: Qualitative data are collected mostly through
structured focus group discussions at various points throughout the
project year. Issues covered include rape, HIV (e.g., one discussion
was on the topic “Are Women to be Blamed for the Spread of
HIV/AIDS?”), love, communication, male norms, and drug and alcohol
use. Anecdotal evidence and self-reported stories also are collected as
indicators of change in perceptions of masculinity.
• Annual survey: The Shosholoza project plans to develop a yearly
internal evaluation, using both qualitative and quantitative methods,
similar to that used by the Action by Young Men project. Importantly,
Action by Young Men shares evaluation results with the participants so
they can see how they have progressed throughout the year. Young
men analyze the data using a participatory process so they can decide
where they want to focus in the following year. Findings from 105
young men in seven participating teams will be compared with findings
from a control group of 45 young men from three nonparticipating
teams. The same teams, and preferably the same individuals, will be
followed over the three years to determine change over time. Indicators
include those relating to gender, HIV knowledge, HIV prevention
practices, and sexual and reproductive health.
Evaluation Results • Gender analysis: Although findings were on overall TAI activities and
focused more specifically on other programs, one finding on “sport as a
site of gender construction” reviewed the Shosholoza project’s use of
soccer clubs to change male norms: “The use of league soccer
structures provided by SAFA was an appropriate and efficient way for
TAI to initiate their Shosholoza project. Although less to do with
identifying soccer as a powerful site for the construction and
maintenance of masculinity than the practicality of ‘piggy-backing’
existing structures, TAI staff were also aware that both the SAFA
structure and those it served were predominantly male. Their desire to
challenge and change male behavior made this an appropriate, and
smart choice” (Lindegger, 2005).
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