2011 (SBTE) 25th Annual Meeting Proceedings - International ...

W.W
.W. Tha
hatcher
cher. 2011. Temporal Historical Observations, Rapidly Expanding Technological Tools, and Integration of
Scientific Disciplines to Enhance Reproductive Performance... Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 39(Suppl 1): s147 - s169.
(n=2), PAG 18 (n=1), PAG 20 (n=1) and PAG 21 (n=5).
These reflected other ancient and modern (i.e.,
expressed in binucleate cells) PAG family genes
expressed by some of the conceptuses.
Simple correlation (r) analyses were analyzed
with PAG 11 that was present and most abundant in
all conceptuses. The following correlations of PAG
11 with genes expressed in conceptuses were detected:
PGH2 synthase (prostaglandin H 2 synthase [Cox-
2]; r = 0.87; P < 0.01), PTGES (prostaglandin E
synthase; r = 0.76; P < 0.01), PTGES3 (prostaglandin
E synthase 3 [cytosol]; r = 0.69; P < 0.02) and
PGF 2α
(prostaglandin F 2α
receptor; r = -0.73; P < 0.01).
Standard partial correlation (pr) analyses (Figure 3)
holding PGH2 synthase as a constant showed a
decrease in the correlations of PAG 11 with PTGES
(pr = 0.50; P < 0.09), PTGES3 (pr = 0.17; P < 0.59)
and PGF 2α
(pr = -0.47; P < 0.11). Moreover, PAG11
and PGH2 synthase were still highly correlated when
standard partial correlation analyses were run holding
PTGES (pr = 0.76; P < 0.01), PTGES3 (pr = 0.74; P <
0.01) or PGF 2α
(pr = 0.78; P < 0.01) constant (Figure
3). Prostaglandin related expression of genes in the
conceptus was not affected by lactation. These series
of analyses suggest that PAG 11 is highly associated
with gene expression of PGH2 Synthase in the
conceptus and that downstream influences of PAG
11 on expression of enzymes in the PGE cascade as
well as the PGF 2α
were possibly manifested by the
upstream regulation of PGH2 Synthase expression.
The PAG genes, which are expressed
exclusively by trophoblast cells (i.e., ancient PAG)
were also observed in the endometrium of pregnant
cows at d 17 of pregnancy. Among the PAG genes
expressed in the endometrial tissue were PAG 2 (n=4),
PAG 8 (n=1), PAG 11 (n=7) and PAG 12 (n=3) (Table
1). PAG 11 was expressed in a greater number of
cows and at a higher level than the other PAG genes
observed in the endometrial tissue at day 17 of
pregnancy (i.e., expression level = 84.15 ± 39), which
is well before detection in the blood at day 27 [62].
Analyses of simple correlations in endometriual
tissue detected associations of PAG 11 with
expressed genes of trophoblast cells such as TKDP1
N
Figure 4. Endometrium gene expression; standard partial correlations (pr) associations of PAG 11 with other
functional genes. TKDP1 (trophoblast Kunitz domain protein 1); TP1 (trophoblast protein 1); PTX3 (Pentraxin-
Related Gene); DKK1 (Dickkopf Homolog 1); HPGD (Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenanse 15); PGRMC2
(progesterone receptor membrane component 2); PTGDS (prostaglandin D2 synthase) and PIBF1 (progesterone
induced blocking factor 1). Grey shadow represents the genes that were correlated with PAG11 in simple
correlation analyses. The standard partial correlation, pt is the correlation between the expression of two genes
with expression of a third gene held constant and also adjusted for treatments (N/S = not significant).
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