GIPE-PUNE-OIIOI2 - DSpace@GIPE

WORLD-CRISIS : INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS 285
same poverty manifests itself under other conditions in
other fonns, say, in the form of "under-employment,"
famine etc. In certain stages of civilization a people has
to combat famine, in certain others it has to deal with
unemployment. One must not ignore also that there
are degrees of unemloyment as well as degrees of famine.
Poverty in every fonn and no matter of what degree is
a social evil and requires to be combated under
all' regimes, capitalistic or "socialistic." Hence the
unrest, the nervousness and panic not only among laymen
but also among experts and economic statesmen.
We have observed that the present depression is in
part •• cyclical" and hence temporary, but in part
"epochal" and therefore likely to .endure for some long
time. The second characteristic is specially valid in
regard to rationalization-unemployment. In other
words, unemployment as an aspect of modem poverty
is not likely to disappear entirely as a category of social
existence. And yet doctoring is not impossible. We
have said also that poverty is eternal and that to this
·extent . famine or unemployment taken as an absolute
category, is a pennanent feature of human civilization.
Suffering is the lot of certain individuals, groups
·or classes in every region all through the ages. Economic
statesmanship will therefore have to devise fresh
remedies decade by decade. Or perhaps the world will
have to get pennanently used to the institution of Five­
Yea,r Plans region by region for carrying on a steady war
against poverty. The doctoring will have to be quite
vigilant and universal
- Tllere- are two problems involved. First, in so fa
as unemployment is to remain more or less a pennanent