Geographical Indication (GI) options for Ethiopian Coffee and Ghanaian Cocoa

Innovation & Intellectual Property
Kano
27%
Aba
36%
Itoku-
Abeokuta
37%
Figure 5.2: Percentage breakdown of
the 120 responses across three clusters
Source: Authors’ data analysis.
The three Aba zonal associations – Bakassi Zone, Imo Avenue and Shoe Plaza –
were selected because they are adjoining groups forming a larger cluster; their
leadership was cooperative and receptive to the investigation; and they all
specialise in leather shoes.
A total of 170 questionnaires were distributed to individuals selected randomly
in the three clusters studied: 60 questionnaires in Aba, 60 in Itoku-Abeokuta and 50
in Kano. The ultimate criterion for selecting the respondents was their position as
line leaders and consequently leaders of the respective unions organised horizontally
across each cluster at the lowest level (Figure 5.1). Of the 170 questionnaires distributed,
120 were completed and returned. Of the 120 completed questionnaires 36%
came from Aba, 37% from Itoku-Abeokuta and 27% from Kano (see Figure 5.2).
The study’s field-work findings were based on data drawn from the 120 questionnaires
and from interviews with representatives of key stakeholders, including the
Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON), the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria
(MAN), the Bank of Industry (BoI), the Nigerian Export Promotion Council, the
Trademarks Registry, the country office of the UN Industrial Development Organisation
(UNIDO Nigeria) and the US Agency for International Development (USAID).
4. Findings
Legal and regulatory framework
Trademarks are protected in Nigeria under the Trade Marks Act of 1965 (Cap.T13
LFN 2004). Of the three models of communal trademarks under consideration
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