Geographical Indication (GI) options for Ethiopian Coffee and Ghanaian Cocoa

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Perspectives on Intellectual Property from Botswana’s Publicly Funded Researchers 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 89.2% 75.9% 77.8% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 56.3% 50.6% 49.4% 0.0% Copyright Patents Trademarks Industrial designs Geographical indications Awareness of IP protection methods (n = 158) Trade secrets Figure 15.2: Awareness of IP as mechanism to protect research output 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 81.5% 65.5% 66.4% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 48.7% 42.0% 47.9% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% Copyright Patents Trademarks Industrial designs Geographical indications Knowledge of how to use IP protection methods (n = 119) Figure 15.3: Knowledge of how to use IP Trade secrets 347
Innovation & Intellectual Property Methods used to protect IP (n = 50) Used trade secrets Used geographical indications Used industrial designs Used trademarks Used patents Used copyright 16% 24% 28% 30% 28% 62% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Figure 15.4: Use of IP Framework for IP at institutions The respondents were asked to indicate their knowledge of the existence or nonexistence of a policy and regulatory framework governing IP in their institutions on a three-point scale (1 = yes, 2 = no and 3 = don’t know) and to answer five questions on the content and nature of the framework. The researchers’ responses (see Table 15.1) showed a lack of knowledge of the prevailing IP conditions in their various institutions. While 54.2% of the researchers indicated that their institutions had IP policies, the majority of the researchers did not know whether the policy was environmentally friendly (53.2%), how ownership of the IP was managed (53.8%), or whether the policy encouraged openness in sharing information from publicly funded research (53.6%). In addition, 51% did not know whether the policy articulated the management of the IP. The researchers were asked how the IP policies of their institutions impacted: (1) their knowledge dissemination; (2) their knowledge utilisation; and (3) their commercialisation of research output. The results elicited by these questions are shown in Tables 15.2 to 15.4. On knowledge dissemination (Table 15.2), between 52% and 58% did not know whether their institution’s IP policy had provision to track the research projects that were publicly funded (57.7%); provision to review IP and associated commercial activities and outcomes (57%); or provision to clarify staff responsibilities in relation to IP (e.g. prevention of premature public disclosure of research results prior to obtaining IP [54.1%]). However, 42.3% of the researchers knew that the IP policies of their institutions provided guidance 348
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Innovation & Intellectual Property
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Contents Preface ..................
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Preface This book is among the key
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Preface mandated Train for Trade pr
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About the Contributors Dr Perihan A
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Chapter 2 Frameworks for Analysing
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Chapter 6 The Policy Context for a
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Chapter 10 African Patent Offices N
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Chapter 11 The State of Biofuel Inn
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Chapter 13 Effects of the South Afr
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Page 321 and 322: Innovation & Intellectual Property
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Geographical Indication (GI) options for Ethiopian Coffee and Ghanaian Cocoa

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