Frameworks <strong>for</strong> Analysing African Innovation Guarcello, L., Manacorda, M., Rosati, F., Fares, J., Lyon, S. <strong>and</strong> Valdivia, C. (2008), “School-to-work transitions: regional overview”, in Garcia, M. <strong>and</strong> Fares, J. (Eds), Youth in Africa’s Labor Market, World Bank, Washington, DC. Hagen, E. (1962), On the Theory of Social Change, Dorsey Press, Homewood, IL. Harrod, R. (1939), “An essay in dynamic theory”, Economic Journal, Vol. 49 No. 193, pp. 14–33. Hart, K. (1973), “In<strong>for</strong>mal income opportunities <strong>and</strong> urban employment in Ghana”, Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol. 11 No .1, pp. 61–89. Hendrixson, A. (2005), “Angry young men, veiled young women: constructing a new population threat”, Corner House Briefing 34, December, available at: www. thecornerhouse.org.uk/pdf/briefing/34veiled.pdf (accessed 13 April 2013). Herrington, M., Kew, J. <strong>and</strong> Kew, P. (2009), Tracking Entrepreneurship in Africa: A GEM Perspective, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), Cape Town. Hirschman, A. (1958), The Strategy of Economic Development, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Hoselitz, B. (1960), Sociological Aspects of Economic Growth, Free Press, Glencoe, IL. Hussmanns, R. (2004), Measuring the In<strong>for</strong>mal Economy: From Employment in the In<strong>for</strong>mal Sector to In<strong>for</strong>mal Employment, International Labour Organisation (ILO), Geneva. International Labour Organisation (ILO) (1972), Employment, Incomes <strong>and</strong> Equity: A Strategy <strong>for</strong> Increasing Productive Employment in Kenya, Geneva. International Labour Organisation (ILO) (1993), “Resolution concerning statistics of employment in the in<strong>for</strong>mal sector”, adopted by the 15th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS), ILO, Geneva, January, available at: www.ilo.org/ wcmsp5/groups/public/@dgreports/@stat/documents/normativeinstrument/ wcms_087484.pdf (accessed 11 April 2013). International Labour Organisation (ILO) (2002), Women <strong>and</strong> Men in the In<strong>for</strong>mal Economy: A Statistical Picture, Geneva, available at: www.ilo.org/dyn/infoecon/ docs/441/F596332090/women%20<strong>and</strong>%20men%20stat%20picture.pdf (accessed 11 April 2013). International Labour Organisation (ILO) (2003), “Guidelines concerning a statistical definition of in<strong>for</strong>mal employment”, adopted by the 17th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS), ILO, Geneva, November, available at: www.ilo.org/ wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---stat/documents/normativeinstrument/ wcms_087622.pdf (accessed 22 April 2013). International Labour Organisation (ILO) (2006), Regional Labour Market trends <strong>for</strong> Youth: Africa, Geneva. International Labour Organisation (ILO) (2013), Global Employment Trends 2013: Recovering from a Second Jobs Dip, Geneva. 55
Innovation & Intellectual Property Juma, C. <strong>and</strong> Yee-Cheong, L. (2005), Innovation: Applying Knowledge in Development, UN Millennium Project, Earthscan Publications, London. Karl, K. (2000), “The in<strong>for</strong>mal sector”, The Courier, Vol. 178 (Dec. 1999–Jan. 2000), pp. 53–4. Kraemer-Mbula, E. <strong>and</strong> Wamae, W. (2010), “Adapting the innovation systems framework to Sub-Saharan Africa”, in Kraemer-Mbula, E. <strong>and</strong> Wamae, W. (Eds), Innovation <strong>and</strong> the Development Agenda, Organisation <strong>for</strong> Economic Cooperation <strong>and</strong> Development (OECD), Paris. Lawson, S. <strong>and</strong> Purushothaman, R. (2003), “Dreaming with BRICs: the path to 2050”, CEO Confidential, Issue 2003/12, Goldman Sachs Group, New York, available at: www. goldmansachs.com/ceoconfidential/CEO-2003-12.pdf (accessed 11 April 2013). Leahy, E., Engelman, R., GibbVogel, C., Haddock, S. <strong>and</strong> Preston, T. (2007), The Shape of Things to Come – Why Age Structure Matters to a Safer, More Equitable World, Population Action International, Washington, DC. Lewis, W.A. (1954), “Economic development with unlimited supplies of labour” in Agarwala, A.N. <strong>and</strong> Singh, S.P. (Eds), The Economics of Underdevelopment, Ox<strong>for</strong>d University Press, London. Lipset, S.M. (1959), “Some social requisites of democracy: Economic development <strong>and</strong> political legitimacy”, American Political Science Review, Vol. 53 No. 1, pp. 69–105. Lundvall, B. (Ed.) (1992), National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation <strong>and</strong> Interactive Learning, Pinter, London. Marshall, A. (1920), Principles of Economics, Macmillan, London. McClell<strong>and</strong>, D. (1961), The Achieving Society, D. Van Nostr<strong>and</strong>, Princeton, NJ. Mowery, D. <strong>and</strong> Rosenberg, N.S. (1979), Technology <strong>and</strong> the Pursuit of Economic Growth, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Muchie, M., Gammeltoft, P. <strong>and</strong> Lundvall, B. (Eds) (2003), Putting Africa First: The Making of African Innovation Systems, Aalborg University Press, Aalborg, Denmark. Nelson, R.R. (Ed.) (1993), National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis, Ox<strong>for</strong>d University Press, New York. Nelson, R.R. <strong>and</strong> Rosenberg, N. (1993), “Technical innovation <strong>and</strong> national systems”, in Nelson, R.R. (Ed.), National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis, Ox<strong>for</strong>d University Press, New York. Nelson, R.R. <strong>and</strong> Winter, S.G. (1977), “In search of useful theory of innovation”, Research Policy, Vol. 6, pp. 36–76. Nelson, R.R. <strong>and</strong> Winter, S.G. (1982), An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. Nussbaum, M. (2000), Women <strong>and</strong> Human Development: The Capabilities Approach, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Nussbaum, M. (2011), Creating Capabilities: The Human Development Approach, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. 56
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Preface This book is among the key
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