II International Symposium on Carbon for Catalysis ABSTRACTS

PP-I-32
CARBON MATERIALS BASED ON CARBON NANOFIBERS
Peshnev B.V., Nikolaev A.I., Pilipeyko A.Y, Estrin R.I.
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State Academy of Fine Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russia
e-mail oilgas@mitht.ru, nhsigt@mitht.ru
Active carbons, cokes, carbon fibers are used as sorbents and catalyst supporters.
Dispersed carbon materials such as are proposed for this purpose last time very often. The
first is the product of pyrocarbon precipitation on soot surface following by activation of the
carbon material with steam. This material possess high adsorptive surface. The second is
generated by hydrocarbon decomposition or disproportionation of carbon monoxide or COcontaining
gas mixture at the surface of Fe, Co, Ni-containing catalysts.
Application of “sibunit” and carbon nanofibers in catalysis is prevented by:
• Low adhesion of catalyst active component to graphitic surface “sibunit”;
• The influence of synthesis condition on properties of carbon nanofibers (diameter,
level of graphitization, concentration of initial catalyst) and, as result, properties
instability.
We suppose that a number of carbon materials, which can be used as sorbents, catalyst
supports or catalysts, may be increased by consolidation of production technologies of
“sibunit” and carbon nanofibers. The consolidation advantage includes:
1. Carbon nanofiber contains catalyst precursor, on which carbon nanofibers were
synthesized. After pyrocarbon precipitation and gasification of less graphite part of this
material (carbon nanofiber) the catalyst particle of carbon nanofiber dispose inside cavity. The
catalyst adhesion to support increases as result. The catalyst selectivity also must increase,
because it depends on the cavity size. Cavity size is equal to carbon nanofiber diameter.
2. Calculations show, that sorbent with cylinder cavities has cavity volume 1.5 times
higher than that of sorbent with sphere cavities (adsorptive surfaces are equal). So sorbent,
based on carbon nanofibers, must have more adsorptive capacity then “sibunit”.
The results of synthesis of carbon nanofibers possessing required properties and carbon
sorbents based on carbon nanofibers are reported. Carbon nanofibers were synthesized from
carbon monoxide, and carbon composites (sorbents) from propane-butane gas mixture.
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