II International Symposium on Carbon for Catalysis ABSTRACTS

PP-I-45
The search for alternative energy sources for motor vehicles is an urgent problem of our
day. The thriving area is the substitution of hydrogen and natural gas for the traditional
hydrocarbon fuels for motor vehicles. Therefore, much attention is paid to the development of
safe and efficient on-board storage facilities. The adsorptive storage of hydrogen and methane
is one of such methods with a good safety. Systems based on SMPC nanomaterials with high
sorbability are developed at the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis for the accumulation and
storage of hydrogen and methane.
Experimental studies on adsorption of hydrogen and methane demonstrated a
considerable sorption capacity of the SMPC materials.
These carbons were shown to absorb up to 65 wt % of methane at room temperature and
60 atm and more than 6 wt % of hydrogen under mild cryogenic conditions (at 77K).
% (weight)
6
5
4
3
2
1
800, max. 6,3 %
900, max. 6,2 %
850, max. 5,8 %
750, max. 5,7 %
700, max. 4,7 %
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
P (atm)
Figure 4: Isotherms of hydrogen adsorption
at 77 K for SMPC’s synthesized
at 700 – 900 °С.
% (weight)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
900, max. 65 %
850, max. 50 %
800, max. 46 %
700, max. 41 %
750, max. 38 %
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
P (atm)
Figure 5: Isotherms of methane adsorption at
293 K for SMPC’s synthesized
at 700 – 900 °С.
The above data demonstrate that microporous carbons with the very large specific surface
area can be synthesized from the high-ash biomass. The samples obtained are superior in their
textural characteristics to the known best analogues synthesized by treating petroleum pitch
with nitric acid. A correlation between the pore size distribution in the microporous carbons
and their sorption capacity with respect to poorly sorbable gases like hydrogen and methane is
found.
References
1 March H., Van Davis S., O’Grandy T. M., Wennerberg A., Carbon, 22 (1984) 603
2 USA Patent 3,624,004 (1971) and 4,088,694 (1978)
3 Barnakov Ch.N., Kozlov A.P., Seit-Ablaeva S.K., Fenelonov V.B., Zaikovskii V.I., 1st
<strong>International</strong> Conference "Carbon: Fundamental Science, Material Science, Technology",
October 17-19, Moscow, Russia. Abstracts, (2002) 52
4 Russia Patent 2,206,394 (2002)
5 E.A. Ustinov, D.D. Do, V.B. Fenelonov, Carbon 44 (2006) 653
211