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Peacock, W. J. and Dennis, E. S. Inheritance of
Trans Chromosomal Methylation patterns
from Arabidopsis F1 hybrids. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.
USA. 111, 2017–2022 (2014).
7. Jones, J. D. G. et al. Elevating crop disease
resistance with cloned genes. Phil. Trans. R. Soc.
Lond. B 369, 20130087 (2014).
Chapter 11 Case Study: Standards:
Supporting emerging technologies as an
accelerator of innovation
1. Taylor, J. M. New Dimensions for Manufacturing:
A UK Strategy for Nanotechnology (Department
of Trade and Industry, London, 2002). Available
at http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.
uk/20130221185318/http://www.innovateuk.
org/_assets/pdf/taylor%20report.pdf
2. BSI is appointed by Her Majesty’s Government
as the UK National Standards Body (NSB),
and represents the United Kingdom on
the international and European standards
organizations ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC and
ETSI. BSI’s scope covers all industry sectors,
and its staff facilitates committees of experts
that draft the standards they need on any
business issue. BSI manages around 1,200
standards committees in total, including
around 200 international and European
committees. See http://www.bsigroup.co.uk/
Chapter 12: Ultimately a Decision Has To Be
Made
1. Watson, J. D. and Crick, F. H. C. A structure for
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. Nature 171, 737-8
(1953).
2. I completed my two terms as Chair of the
HFEA in January 2014. I write here in a
personal capacity.
3. A previous successful consultation exercise on
human-admixed embryos provided us with a
good starting point.
4. Detailed information on these processes, plus
all the material used in the consultation can be
found at http://www.hfea.gov.uk/
5. HFEA New techniques to prevent mitochondrial
disease. See http://mitochondria.hfea.gov.uk/
mitochondria/what-is-mitochondrial-disease/
new-techniques-to-prevent-mitochondrialdisease/
6. There were in fact 3 reports from the ‘panel
of experts’ over the consultation period, in
order to keep the scientific findings up to
date. The first two were chaired by Prof. Neva
Haites, the third by Dr. Andy Greenfield.
7. Mongomery, J. et al. Novel techniques
for the prevention of mitochondrial DNA
disorders: an ethical view (Nuffield Council
on Bioethics, London, 2012). Available at
http://nuffieldbioethics.org/wp-content/
uploads/2014/06/Novel_techniques_for_
the_prevention_of_mitochondrial_DNA_
disorders_compressed.pdf
8. Mitochondria replacement consultation: Advice to
Government (HFEA, London, 2013). Available
at http://www.hfea.gov.uk/docs/Mitochondria_
replacement_consultation_-_advice_for_
Government.pdf
9. Mitochondrial Donation: Government response to
the consultation on draft regulations to permit the
use of new treatment techniques to prevent the
transmission of a serious mitochondrial disease
from mother to child (Department of Health,
London, 2014). Available at https://www.gov.
uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/
attachment_data/file/332881/Consultation_
response.pdf
10. House of Commons Debate 1 September
2014, vol 585, cols 93-122 (Hansard). Available
at http://www.publications.parliament.
uk/pa/cm201415/cmhansrd/cm140901/
debtext/140901-0003.htm#14090125000001
Annex: How to Build Regulatory
Frameworks for New Technologies
1. Dominique Auverlot, France Stratégie
(dominique.auverlot@strategie.gouv.fr) ;
Marie-Françoise Chevallier – Le Guyader,
Institut des hautes études pour la science
et la technologie ; Françoise Roure, CGE ;
Jean-Luc Pujol, INRA; Aude Teillant, Research,
Department of Ecology & Evolutionary
Biology, Princeton University ; Clélia Godot,
France Stratégie.
2. Quelle France dans dix ans, rapport de France
Stratégie au président de la République,
Éditions Fayard, 2014 ; or http://www.strategie.
gouv.fr/publications/france-10-ans
3. Commission nationale pour le débat public.
4. written by the prefect Carrère
5. known as the Barnier laws (after France’s
Environment Minister)
6. Except for the airport of Notre-Dame-des-
Landes. In this particular case, public debate
failed to prevent the deployment of strong
opposition that appeared at the start of the
works and that has stopped its realization.
7. This paragraph has been written by Aude
Teillant. See also Teillant A. (2011), Toward a
responsible development of nanotechnologies,
Note d’analyse, Centre d’analyse stratégique,
novembre.
8. For a concise presentation of the context
and proceedings of the debate, see
Deslandes P. (2010), Bilan du débat public
sur le développement et la régulation des
nanotechnologies, CNDP.
9. OGM et agriculture : options pour l’action
publique, septembre 2011, http://www.
ladocumentationfrancaise.fr/rapportspublics/014000692/index.shtml
10. The Institute of Advanced Studies for Science
and Technology organizes for professional
leaders from every sector of society (research
and higher education, business, media,
government, elected people, associations,
journalists, educators) a national training cycle
where they can share their experiences of
stakeholders in an international perspective.