Growing the Wealth of the Poor - World Resources Institute

W O R L D R E S O U R C E S 2 0 0 8250in tax regimes and regulation, 6, 7, 17, 169–171in tenure rights. See Land and resource tenureEthiopiacoffee producers in, 100–102, 171Dean’s Beans in, 93government and associations in, 108local institutions in, 72medicinals market in, 99Executive branch influence, 175, 200Exports of goods and services, 216FFair Tradecertification, 101, 105, 174, 174coffee and cocoa, 92, 93, 97Farmer Field Schools, 14, 104Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR), 143, 146–148,150–157. See also Niger’s re-greening movementFarmer-to-Farmer Movement (Cuba), 105Farming. See AgricultureFederation of Community Forest Users Nepal (FECOFUN),106–107Ferro Cooperative (Ethiopia), 101Fertilizer, 212Fiji Locally Managed Marine Area (FLMMA), 38–45background, 38–39benefits of, 42–44capacity, development of, 41–42challenges to, 44–45compliance and enforcement, 40–41, 45enterprise development, 41–42, 45as ISO, 91local ownership, creation of, 39–40networks and, 42participatory decision-making in, 39–40representation issues for, 44–45resource tenure and program success, 160, 161sustainability of, 44Financial services. See also Microfinance; Remittancesaccess to, 6, 17, 179–185in India, 105rotating credit associations, 72–73Financial support and commitment, 6. See also Microfinance;Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); Remittances;Seed moneyavailability of, 6, 7cost-sharing, 6, 65, 179government as partner and source of funds, 80, 108, 167,174, 183, 185, 200ISOs as distribution nodes, 89, 92, 126, 195, 196labor contribution, 6, 15, 61–62, 79local organizations securing, 73, 75, 77official development assistance (ODA), 216Finca Esperanza Verde (FEV, Nicaragua), 19FIRMED (Fishery Integrated Management for EconomicDevelopment, Philippines), 59Fisheries Department (Bangladesh), 121, 123FishingAndavadoaka Fisherman’s Cooperative (Madagascar), 18in Bangladesh’s wetlands. See Bangladesh inland fisheriesCenter for Empowerment and Resource Development(CERD, Philippines), 59in China, 13in Fiji. See Fiji Locally Managed Marine Area (FLMMA)fisheries production, defined, 212in Mozambique, 62FLMMA. See Fiji Locally Managed Marine AreaFMNR. See Farmer-Managed Natural RegenerationFoodNiger’s re-greening movement and food security, 142, 143,151–152, 155security, 57, 103, 204, 210–213undernourished, definition of, 212Foreign direct investment (FDI), 216FORESCOM (Guatemala), 90, 127, 128, 133, 134, 136,139–140. See also Guatemala forestry enterprisesForest Department (Senegal), 172–173Forest Stewardship Council, 81, 134Forestsin Bangladesh, 112in Brazil, 59bureaucratic regulation as obstacle to local communities, 170in Cameroon, 170community forestry enterprises, 13, 165community forestry management, 50, 51in Congo, 58decline in area of, 8in El Salvador, 96in The Gambia, 174in Guatemala, 29, 56–57, 59, 60in Honduras, 16–17in Indonesia, 58in Namibia, 35ownership, 50, 51, 53–54, 54secure tenure and, 50, 51in Senegal, 170, 172–173small forestry enterprises (SFEs), 168, 168in Thailand, 18in Uganda, 164–165Fourth Fisheries Project (Bangladesh), 123Fragile states, 20France, 154Free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC), 183Free association, right to, 197Freedom of Information legislation, 176, 199, 200, 221Functional scaling up, 11