Wireless Future - Telenor

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Figure 4 OSA architecture service capability features (+) Service capabilities (*) ..standardisedinterfaces (+)..to be standardised 104 HLR CSE • Offer the possibility to locate mobiles without or only with software changes, and to implement a self-positioning system (E-OTD). In general more investments are needed on the network side for the network-based positioning. Network-based is the only architecture that can locate existing mobiles, because normally no modification of the mobile phones is needed. This is a great advantage compared to the other architectures. In a mobile-based solution the positioning is part of the functionality of the mobile terminal. This translates into added complexity and cost due to added software and hardware for the terminals. The mobile calculates the position by use of signals from the network, e.g. base station(s). All current network-based mobile location services exist on today’s 2G mobile data and analogue cellular networks. No location technology is at this time commercially available for 3G digital air interfaces such as TDMA, W-CDMA and CDMA. An interesting fact is that most of the systems described here will improve their accuracy as terminals are moving. In E-OTD and ToA this is due to the “de-correlation or whitening” introduced in the multipath channel by the higher mobile speed, and for other techniques (signal strength, direction finding) the average of measurements over a distance eliminates the problems caused by multipath fading and shadowing. ETSI considers all GSM LCS (Location Services) a network feature, and not a supplementary service. This means that ETSI specifies LSC whether the Mobile Station (MS) supports LCS or not. So far ETSI has specified the following methods: Applications/Clients Application Interface GSM/GPRS/UMTS protocos CAP/MAPl (*) GSM/GPRS/UMTS protocol (*) MS functionalgy, Standardized Services MEXE and SAT APIs Client2 ... Client1 MExE Network SAT server terminal view • TOA (Time of Arrival); • E-OTD (Enhanced Observed Time Difference); • TA (Timing Advance); • GPS assisted. GPS-based positioning location systems are currently under development and standardization [7] and should be available for the next mobile phone and mobile communication generation in 2002. However, power consumption, cost, and some technical challenges are yet to be considered. Some of these challenges are met with Assisted GPS systems. These utilize a GPS reference network (or a wide-area differential GPS network) that is connected with the GSM network. The assistance data from the reference network can be used by the MS to increase performance of the GPS sensor and • Reduce the sensor start-up time; • Increase the sensor sensitivity; and • Consume less handset power than conventional GPS does. Service Platform and Interfaces There is currently ongoing work on an OSA lab at Telenor R&D for testing the OSA architecture and interfaces. The work from 3GPP on standardizing an open architecture for service platforms (OSA) in UMTS networks is highly relevant, and will therefore be presented as a reference architecture for services. The OSA (Open Service Architecture) describes an architecture that enables service providers to make use of network functionality through open standard interfaces [5], i.e. the OSA API. The network functionality is described as Service Capability Servers. One of the addressed Service Capability Features is User Location (SCF), specified in OMG (CORBA) IDL-format. The reference system chosen for the coding of locations is the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84). The architecture is illustrated in more detail in Figure 4. The purpose of the OSA API is to shield the complexity of the network, its protocols and specific implementation from the applications. This means that applications do not have to be aware of the network nodes a Service Capability Server interacts with, in order to provide the Service Capability Features to the application. The specific underlying network and its protocols are transparent to the application enabling external service providers’ access to the platform and its underlying networks by using an open API. Telektronikk 1.2001
Within the OSA concepts the following Service Capability Servers are identified [6]: • CAMEL Service Environment; • WAP execution platform; • Home Location Register (HLR). The stage 3 of OSA methodology is based on UML and OMG Interface Language (IDL). Conclusion The demand for context-aware features in mobile communications is expected to rise dramatically with the introduction of GPRS and UMTS. The technical advancements, especially in location services, are new and exciting building blocks for telecom operators. There are however new challenges to be met, among them how to open the service platform to third parties, and with this enhance a dynamic service creation. In order to fully utilize these new techniques a new and more open service architecture will have to be investigated. The Youngster project aims to research how this service platform can be realised. Young people are most likely the one group to adopt the new technical possibilities fastest. The Youngster approach is based upon service creation, interaction with the environment, personalization and context-awareness. All these aspects combined are expected to stimulate the creativity that exists in everyone and in turn contribute to the development of more innovative and useful services for the future. However valuable these new possibilities may be, they do not come without concerns. Ethical and security issues are of great concern and will be significant aspects in the Youngster project. As a result, Youngster hopes to inspire innovation among the younger user groups and by their feedback help develop services that all users feel enhance their everyday lives. Backed by a qualified team, Youngster has the means to successfully meet the expectations that are anticipated both by the Youngster partners and by IST. Telektronikk 1.2001 References 1 http://www.cordis.lu/ist/ 2 Schneider, C. Mobile Location Systems. Kjeller, Telenor R&D, 2000. (R&D Note N 23/2000.) 3 Sollund, A. Location services for handheld devices. Kjeller, Telenor R&D, 2000. (R&D Note N 56/2000.) 4 ETSI GSM 02.71, 03.71, 04.35 5 3GPP. 2000. 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Services and System. (TS 23.127.) 6 3G. 2000. Technical Specification Group Core Network; Open Service Architecture; Application Programming Interface. (TS 29.198 version 1.0.0.) 7 http://www.etsi.org/news/mobile%20news/ lcs.htm 105
Page 2 and 3:
Telektronikk Volume 97 No. 1 - 2001
Page 4 and 5:
Per Hjalmar Lehne (42) obtained his
Page 6 and 7:
Stein Svaet (41) is Senior Research
Page 8 and 9:
Pbit/day 6 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 F
Page 10 and 11:
8 Video communication as a utility
Page 12 and 13:
10 The idea of reconfigurable mobil
Page 14 and 15:
12 Switched lobe Dynamically phased
Page 16 and 17:
Figure 10 The All IP vision Figure
Page 18 and 19:
16 The IP world has some problems t
Page 20 and 21:
18 Abbreviations and acronyms less
Page 22 and 23:
Jorge Pereira (40) obtained his Eng
Page 24 and 25:
(Millions) Figure 1 Exponential gro
Page 26 and 27:
24 Defining Generation based upon D
Page 28 and 29:
Multi-mode Terminal by Software Rad
Page 30 and 31:
distribution layer possible return
Page 32 and 33:
30 A Co-Ordinated Approach to 4G As
Page 34 and 35:
Figure 2 Applications will grow fas
Page 36 and 37:
Figure 5 Evolution from multi-mode
Page 38 and 39:
Operator/Provider download librarie
Page 40 and 41:
Radio network subsystem - service c
Page 42 and 43:
Dr. Techn. Jørgen Bach Andersen (6
Page 44 and 45:
Figure 3 Two arrays with M and N el
Page 46 and 47:
Figure 5 Cumulative probability dis
Page 48 and 49:
Figure 8 As in Figure 5, but with F
Page 50 and 51:
48 Conclusion The challenge of prov
Page 52 and 53:
50 models are described simply by a
Page 54 and 55:
52 ping intervals or “quantizatio
Page 56 and 57: Figure 3 ASE as a function of the a
Page 58 and 59: 56 7 Conclusion and Further Researc
Page 60 and 61: Dave Wisely (39) graduated in 1982
Page 62 and 63: Figure 2 Business case study Figure
Page 64 and 65: Figure 6 BRAIN QoS architecture 62
Page 66 and 67: 64 4 BRAIN homepage. (2001, March 6
Page 68 and 69: Figure 2 The Bluetooth protocol sta
Page 70 and 71: Figure 5 A Bluetooth radio module i
Page 72 and 73: 70 • Instant postcard: A Bluetoot
Page 74 and 75: 72 work visions come true, it is ne
Page 76 and 77: Table 1 Allocated HiperLAN bands (i
Page 78 and 79: Figure 4 Basic MAC frame structure
Page 80 and 81: 78 Preamble BCH FCH ACHs Preamble S
Page 82 and 83: throughput bit/s 80 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0
Page 84 and 85: 82 5 References 1 CEPT. ERC Decisio
Page 86 and 87: 84 IETF Internet Engineering Task F
Page 88 and 89: Figure 2-3 Mobile IPv6 architecture
Page 90 and 91: 88 domain, it attaches to a new lea
Page 92 and 93: 90 Domain GFA/MAP Figure 3-3 Archit
Page 94 and 95: Geir Gylterud (35) is Research Scie
Page 96 and 97: 94 Framework Resource Resource Int
Page 98 and 99: Figure 6 SCSs and network functiona
Page 100 and 101: Figure 9 The new business model. Fr
Page 102 and 103: 100 A strong consortium backs up th
Page 104 and 105: 102 Music Company Figure 3 Service
Page 108 and 109: Do van Thanh (43) obtained his MSc
Page 110 and 111: Figure 2 The first use case diagram
Page 112 and 113: 110 Box 1 - The Open Service Archit
Page 114 and 115: 112 X:User 1:Device 2:Device 3:Devi
Page 116 and 117: Figure 10 Initiating call from PSTN
Page 118 and 119: Figure 13 Splitting the incoming st
Page 120 and 121: Figure 17 A set of communication de
Page 122 and 123: 120 Box 3 continued Session Descrip
Page 124 and 125: Figure 21 A laptop and peripheral d
Page 126 and 127: 124 Box 4 - Bluetooth Bluetooth is
Page 128 and 129: 126 6 The ICEBERG project. (2001, M
Page 130 and 131: 128 new door towards the upcoming f
Page 132 and 133: ? Figure 1 The Mobile Service Platf
Page 134 and 135: Figure 2 Needs and Related Services
Page 136 and 137: 134 Telektronikk 1.2001
Page 138 and 139: 136 Telektronikk 1.2001
Page 140 and 141: Anne Lise Lillebø (52) is Adviser
Page 142 and 143: 140 with other SDOs (Standards Deve
Page 144 and 145: 142 Box 2 - ETNO Declaration We, th
Page 146 and 147: Arve Meisinset (52) is Senior Resea
Page 148 and 149: 146 In ITU-T we have seen needs to
Page 150 and 151: 148 Each viewpoint constitutes a se
Page 152 and 153: Figure 2 UML class diagrams for tra
Page 154 and 155: 152 The functionality describing th
Page 156 and 157:
154 9 Potter, B et al. An introduct
show all

Wireless Future - Telenor

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?