Wireless Future - Telenor

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140 with other SDOs (Standards Development Organisations) should be avoided and provision should be made for referencing outputs of SDOs in its output documents. Although many participants agreed that there was a need to adopt a flexible approach tailored to rapidly respond to market requirements, no agreement could be reached whether this necessitated a new set of working methods different from those of a regular SG. A number of important non-European players supported the establishment of a separate Study Group for IMT-2000 and could not endorse the European contribution. The compromise reached was to set up a new Special Study Group on IMT-2000 and beyond (SSG). The primary responsibility of this special SG is the overall network aspects of IMT-2000 and beyond, including wireless Internet, convergence of mobile and fixed networks, mobility management, mobile multimedia functions, interworking and interoperability. The SSG will be tasked with enhancing network interoperability among existing IMT-2000 systems specified by ITU-T and external standards development organisations (SDOs), Partnership Projects (PPs), IETF and relevant external forums and to provide a migration path regarding network aspects and mobility from existing IMT-2000 systems towards systems beyond IMT-2000. Care must be taken to avoid duplication of work being performed in the ITU-R, in other SDOs, in PPs (such as the Third Generation Partnership Project – 3GPP) and the IETF. The special SG on IMT-2000 and beyond (SSG) is special in the sense that the SSG will be allowed to apply the provisional working procedures set out in Recommendation A.9 approved by WTSA. The Special Study Group is encouraged to work electronically to the maximum extent possible. The Special Study Group is not bound by the rules governing the regular Study Groups concerning the frequency of physical meetings. Physical meetings may be announced electronically with a minimum of one month’s notice and contributions may be input up to five working days before the meetings. The Special SG on IMT-2000 and beyond is authorised to develop and approve Recommendations in the same manner as other Study Groups. The Special SG may also consider other deliverables of a status below that of an ITU Recommendation such as normative technical specifications or interim Recommendations. Proposals for such output should be submitted to the Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG) for consideration and approval. The provisions for such deliverables must, however, be incorporated in the A-series Recommendations (containing ITU-T working procedures) and approved by TSAG following the traditional approval procedure including consultation of Member States. 3 Appointment of SG Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen The candidates for chairmen and the vice-chairmen of the Study Groups are discussed at the meetings of heads of delegations of Member States (where Sector Members are not authorised to take part) and are finally appointed by the WTSA. Following a request from Europe to the TSB Director (Telecommunication Standardization Bureau, the secretariat of ITU-T), a list of all the candidates with their CVs and affiliation was available to the ITU members before the WTSA. It is the first time that the membership as a whole had access to information about the candidates and the number of candidates to the various posts prior to the WTSA and this transparency was much appreciated by <strong>Telenor</strong> and other participants. Although there is an evident need for ITU-T to have competent chairmen and vice-chairmen, the geographical balance and national interests are often given more weight when a candidate is chosen. For the new special SG on IMT 2000, there was a list of 11 candidates for the vicechairmanship. Unfortunately, WTSA was unable to select a limited number – instead all 11 candidates were appointed as vice-chairmen! In Study Group 2, there were two competing candidates for the chairmanship both coming from European members – UK and France. As no agreement on one candidate could be reached, it was decided to share the chairmanship and vicechairmanship by splitting the functions in periods of two years each. Such a solution has never before been practised in the ITU-T. It is disappointing that it was impossible to decide on one chairman, for example by using a vote. This is certainly a weakness of the present system. The WTSA also designated the chairman (Mr. G. Fishman, Lucent Techn., USA) and vicechairmen of the Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG) and agreed to limit the terms of office of all SG chairmen and vice-chairmen including those of TSAG to eight years (two SG periods). 4 Role of Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG) A number of members of the ITU-T sector had raised their concern about the four-year cycle of the WTSA and questioned the sector’s ability to reach decisions responding to market needs. It Telektronikk 1.2001
was concluded that TSAG could be used as a tool in between WTSAs to solve part of these problems. WTSA passed a resolution delegating authority to TSAG to act on behalf of WTSA in between two WTSAs. The authorisation now includes the ability to restructure and establish ITU-T Study Groups and to assign chairmen and vice-chairmen to act until the next WTSA, to issue advice on Study Group schedules and to advise the Director on financial matters. TSAG is also requested to consider establishing two new permanent groups: a strategy group to develop a policy and strategy for the Sector and an operational group to develop working methods. <strong>Telenor</strong> supports the delegation of more power to TSAG, which meets once or twice a year. We find that enhancing the role of TSAG is a good way of progressing necessary decisions, which cannot wait for another WTSA. TSAG is also a forum where both Member States and Sector Members are actively involved in the discussions and where there is a good basis for obtaining compromise on reform. 5 Changing Role of the WTSA The participants at the WTSA in Montreal found that as TSAG was delegated increased authority, it was logical to reconsider the role of the WTSA. A resolution on the more general high level role of WTSA was agreed, stating that there is still a need for WTSA to meet in order to address overall policy and strategic issues such as for example future work direction, approval of Recommendations on an exceptional basis and to discuss matters of common interest to the Sector. It was also recognised that future meetings of WTSA might be of a shorter duration. The resolution encourages Member States to make contributions to the Plenipotentiary Conference to continue the modernisation process. 6 New and Revised Working Procedures – Alternative Approval Process (AAP) The Plenipotentiary Conference in Minneapolis 1998 (PP98) had tasked the T-Sector to develop an alternative approval process (AAP) for Recommendations that have no regulatory or policy implications – so-called “technical Recommendations” – based on the PP98 changes to the Constitution (CS) / Convention (CV) and PP Resolution 82, which lays down that such Recommendations should be approved by Member States and Sector Members “acting together”. The intention was to give the Sector Members a direct influence on the approval of technical Recommendations and to speed up the approval process in order to further reduce time-to-market delivery of standards. Telektronikk 1.2001 TSAG had elaborated a carefully balanced proposal for the AAP relating to technical Recommendations. When draft Recommendations have been developed to a sufficiently mature state (the “consent” stage), the last call will be initiated. The draft Recommendation will be sent out for comment both to Member States and Sector Members. After a period of four weeks, the draft Recommendation is considered approved if no comments of opposition are received. If comments of opposition are made in this last call, a series of processes are foreseen to enable members to reach an agreement. However, in the very last call, if an unopposed agreement on the approval of the draft Recommendation has not been achieved, only the Member States present at the SG meeting are consulted and one Member State may veto the approval of the Recommendation. This veto solution can hardly be interpreted as Member States and Sector Members “acting together”. The European proposal on AAP was to change the proposed final approval procedure for AAP in the very last call from “unopposed agreement of Member States present in the meeting” to “unless objected to by (3) of the present Member States and Sector Members”. A number of influential Member States considered that any involvement of Sector Members in the final approval of Recommendations implied giving them the right to vote. According to the present basic instruments (Constitution/Convention), the right to vote in ITU is the prerogative of Member States only, and the European proposal was turned down. WTSA adopted the text developed by TSAG as Recommendation A.8. It is a positive sign that the procedure is given in an A-series Recommendation and not in a WTSA Resolution. TSAG is responsible for the updating of the A-series Recommendations which contain various working procedures for the T-Sector and it is possible to change such A-series Recommendations on a continuous basis without waiting for another WTSA. The introduction of AAP might be considered as a first positive step to allow the Sector Members a more active participation in the decision-making. If no opposition to the draft Recommenda- 141
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Telektronikk Volume 97 No. 1 - 2001
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Per Hjalmar Lehne (42) obtained his
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Stein Svaet (41) is Senior Research
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Pbit/day 6 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 F
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8 Video communication as a utility
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10 The idea of reconfigurable mobil
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12 Switched lobe Dynamically phased
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Figure 10 The All IP vision Figure
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16 The IP world has some problems t
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18 Abbreviations and acronyms less
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Jorge Pereira (40) obtained his Eng
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(Millions) Figure 1 Exponential gro
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24 Defining Generation based upon D
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Multi-mode Terminal by Software Rad
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distribution layer possible return
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30 A Co-Ordinated Approach to 4G As
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Figure 2 Applications will grow fas
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Figure 5 Evolution from multi-mode
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Operator/Provider download librarie
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Radio network subsystem - service c
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Dr. Techn. Jørgen Bach Andersen (6
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Figure 3 Two arrays with M and N el
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Figure 5 Cumulative probability dis
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Figure 8 As in Figure 5, but with F
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48 Conclusion The challenge of prov
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50 models are described simply by a
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52 ping intervals or “quantizatio
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Figure 3 ASE as a function of the a
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56 7 Conclusion and Further Researc
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Dave Wisely (39) graduated in 1982
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Figure 2 Business case study Figure
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Figure 6 BRAIN QoS architecture 62
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64 4 BRAIN homepage. (2001, March 6
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Figure 2 The Bluetooth protocol sta
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Figure 5 A Bluetooth radio module i
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70 • Instant postcard: A Bluetoot
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72 work visions come true, it is ne
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Table 1 Allocated HiperLAN bands (i
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Figure 4 Basic MAC frame structure
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78 Preamble BCH FCH ACHs Preamble S
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throughput bit/s 80 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0
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82 5 References 1 CEPT. ERC Decisio
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84 IETF Internet Engineering Task F
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Figure 2-3 Mobile IPv6 architecture
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88 domain, it attaches to a new lea
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Page 98 and 99: Figure 6 SCSs and network functiona
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Page 104 and 105: 102 Music Company Figure 3 Service
Page 106 and 107: Figure 4 OSA architecture service c
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Page 110 and 111: Figure 2 The first use case diagram
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Page 116 and 117: Figure 10 Initiating call from PSTN
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Page 120 and 121: Figure 17 A set of communication de
Page 122 and 123: 120 Box 3 continued Session Descrip
Page 124 and 125: Figure 21 A laptop and peripheral d
Page 126 and 127: 124 Box 4 - Bluetooth Bluetooth is
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Page 134 and 135: Figure 2 Needs and Related Services
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Page 140 and 141: Anne Lise Lillebø (52) is Adviser
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Page 146 and 147: Arve Meisinset (52) is Senior Resea
Page 148 and 149: 146 In ITU-T we have seen needs to
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Page 152 and 153: Figure 2 UML class diagrams for tra
Page 154 and 155: 152 The functionality describing th
Page 156 and 157: 154 9 Potter, B et al. An introduct
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