Wireless Future - Telenor

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Stein Svaet (41) is Senior Research Scientist at Telenor R&D. He has been with Telenor since 1986, and with Telenor R&D since 1988. He has been working within the field of mobile communications, in particular radio planning, system simulation and network design. His current interest is within network design and services for UMTS and future mobile communications systems. He is currently involved in the standardisation of UMTS in 3GPP. stein-wegard.svaet@telenor.com 4 SMG5 were clearly a preparation phase. It started out with a similar approach as GSM, namely to define a complete, new system. The work went through a lot of important processes during the first years, but it was not until the work was reorganized that the progress evolved. When the GSM work declined, the UMTS responsibilities were split on the existing SMG sub-committees in 1995-96, and SMG5 was formally terminated in 1997. In January 1998 ETSI decided on the radio interface for UMTS based on several candidates, of which two came from the above mentioned FRAMES project. In the USA and Asia other groups were doing similar work towards a 3G system, and after some pressure from the ITU to harmonize the radio standards the Third Generation Partnership Project – 3GPP – [4] was established in 1999. 3GPP consists of the organizations ARIB, CWTS, ETSI, T1, TTA and TTC (see Table 1). 3GPP’s mission is to produce standards for a 3G system based on evolved GSM core networks and radio access technologies they support, like UTRA. Early Activities beyond UMTS One of the early projects addressing communications with a significantly higher capacity than UMTS was the MBS project (1992 – 1995) [5] [6]. The aim of this project was to perform a system study and develop specification of a cellular ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan) CWTS China Wireless Telecommunication Standard Group (People’s Republic of China) ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute (Europe) T1 Standards Committee T1 Telecommunications (USA) TTA Telecommunications Technology Association (Korea) TTC Telecommunication Technology Committee (Japan) Table 1 Organisations behind 3GPP wireless ATM concept with high mobility. The system should offer an end-to-end bitrate of up to 155 Mbit/s. A demonstrator was also built (Figure 2). At the time of the project, it was believed that the MBS concept should be realizable on the same time scale as UMTS. However, the technological level (60 GHz mm-wave technology), as well as the lack of a market for such high bitrate services, made this impossible. If we look at it today, 5 years after the project ended, we can say that the concept was ahead of its time. The stud- Figure 2 The MBS demonstrator at Daimler-Benz Research in Ulm, Germany, 1995. The “base station” vehicle with the mm-wave antennas raised using a hoist Telektronikk 1.2001
ies continued in the ACTS programme with the SAMBA project, and a new and better demonstrator was built and shown during the EXPO’98 in Lisbon [7]. We can conclude that MBS is a 4th generation concept, and today no one will doubt that the bandwidth will be needed and exploited. There were also other projects in the ACTS programme which addressed what we could call 4G, like MEDIAN and WAND. In these projects high capacity WLANs were studied. The Drivers towards 4G It is important to raise the question whether UMTS will provide the platform for the new mobile multimedia world. UMTS is undoubtedly an important step on the way to integrating different communication needs on a mobile platform. What are the driving needs for a system beyond the upcoming 3G (UMTS)? Will the forces be capacity, meaning traffic per unit area, or will it be a question of throughput to handle multimedia services? Are new services coming up which put new demands on the network other than the mentioned ones? The Capacity Question This seems to be a never ending demand. The FMC trend will reach the less developed and very highly populated countries demanding an even higher capacity. In the Scandinavian countries all the previous systems have run out of capacity, perhaps with the exception of GSM 1800 (so far). The trend is towards a huge future demand for mobile Internet access. Communications and broadcasting will merge, and what we get access to by wire, we also want on the “mobile”. When work towards 3G started, no-one was able to see how much the Internet would grow. million 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 90 Telektronikk 1.2001 Cellular mobile subscribers worldwide (Source: ITU) So far, the systems have almost only been carrying voice traffic, however, this will not be the situation in the 4G time frame. The 3G network will give a good indication of the evolution from voice focused services to first generation multimedia services. It is therefore tempting to look into the situation in the fixed network as well as the PC software industry. This can give us a basis for what is a possible development when we are looking into future demands. In both cases the applications are more demanding regarding CPU power and throughput. The future network, or networks, must aim to follow the general development, taking into account the natural properties and impairments of the radio channel. Which new types of requirements must be translated into more general requirements to a 4G network? Two important key words can be mobility (services, VHE) and security. To optimize such a system towards a global market scalability will also become more important than today. What is 4G? Up to, and mostly including, 3G (UMTS), the generation steps have been quite distinct, but we now seem to face more diffuse transitions. It is clear that we no longer specify a complete system. 0.5 billion There are three important trends which show that even more efficient and flexible technologies must be developed: 1. The number of cellular subscribers world-wide is growing exponentially. • In 2000 there were more than 500 million subscribers world-wide. The number is expected to pass 1 billion in 2005. At the same time, the number of mobile subscribers is expected to outnumber the fixed connections. 2. The number of Internet connections is growing exponentially. 3. The sale of wireless LAN solutions is growing significantly. 1.5 billion 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 9 0 Year 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 Figure 3 Projected cellular growth [8] 5
Page 2 and 3: Telektronikk Volume 97 No. 1 - 2001
Page 4 and 5: Per Hjalmar Lehne (42) obtained his
Page 8 and 9: Pbit/day 6 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 F
Page 10 and 11: 8 Video communication as a utility
Page 12 and 13: 10 The idea of reconfigurable mobil
Page 14 and 15: 12 Switched lobe Dynamically phased
Page 16 and 17: Figure 10 The All IP vision Figure
Page 18 and 19: 16 The IP world has some problems t
Page 20 and 21: 18 Abbreviations and acronyms less
Page 22 and 23: Jorge Pereira (40) obtained his Eng
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Page 30 and 31: distribution layer possible return
Page 32 and 33: 30 A Co-Ordinated Approach to 4G As
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Figure 3 ASE as a function of the a
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Figure 4 OSA architecture service c
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Do van Thanh (43) obtained his MSc
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Figure 2 The first use case diagram
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Figure 21 A laptop and peripheral d
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128 new door towards the upcoming f
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? Figure 1 The Mobile Service Platf
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Figure 2 Needs and Related Services
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Anne Lise Lillebø (52) is Adviser
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142 Box 2 - ETNO Declaration We, th
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