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Figure 2.4Average maternal employment rates by number of children in European Union countries, by family policy regime, 2013In Europe, women’s employment rates are much higher in countries where family-friendly policies are inplace1 child 2 children 3+ childrenPer cent90807060504064 635069 687351674971695579 80786284743020100SouthernEurope 1EasternEurope 2Anglo-Saxoncountries 3EuropeanUnionContinentalEurope 4Nordiccountries 5Source: UN Women calculations using data from Eurostat 2015.Note: Family policy regime classification as in Thévenon 2011:1. Limited assistance to families.2. Long leave but low cash benefits and childcare for children under age 3.3. Period of paid leave is short, with support targeted to low-income, single-parent families and families with preschool children.4. High financial support but limited service provision to support dual-earner families with children under age 3.5. Continuous, strong support for working parents of children under age 3.in accessing childcare. When asked who mindstheir children while they are at work, 39 per centof working women with children under the ageof 6 said that they themselves care for them.Only 4 per cent of those surveyed reported usingorganized childcare or nursery arrangements, asshown in Figure 2.5. Among the poorest women,a negligible 1 per cent used such facilities,with many relying on other relatives or olderdaughters to provide care. The fact that so manywomen, especially the poorest, have to mindtheir children at their workplace influences whatkind of work they can do, as well as the quality ofcare that their children receive.85

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