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Image ProcessingPattern RecognitionOptical Character RecognitionImage RestorationImage CompressionImage EnhancementRobot VisionGraphics3-D RenderingComputer-Aided Engineering (CAE)Desktop PublishingAnimationInstrumentationSpectral AnalysisWaveform GenerationTransient AnalysisData AcquisitionSpeech ProcessingSpeech SynthesizerSpeech RecognizerVoice MailVocoderSpeaker AuthenticationSpeaker VerificationAudio Signal ProcessingDigital AM/FM RadioDigital Hi-Fi PreamplifierNoise CancelationMusic SynthesisMusic ProcessingAcoustic EqualizerHigh-Speed ControlLaser-Printer ServoHard-Disk ServoRoboticsMotor ControllerPosition and Rate ControllerVibration AnalysisElectric MotorsJet EnginesTurbinesMedical ElectronicsCat ScannersSonographsX-Ray AnalysisElectrocardiog ramElectroencephalog ramNuclear Magnetic Resonance AnalysisDigital VideoDigital TelevisionHigh-Resolution MonitorsRadar and Sonar ProcessingNavigationOceanographyAutomatic Vehicle Location'Search and TrackingSeismic ProcessingOil ExplorationGeological ExplorationAs shown in Figure 1-3, the keys to DSP are as follows:• The Multiply/Accumulate (MAC) operationFetching operands for the MACProgram control to provide versatile operationInput/Output to move data in and out of the DSPMAC is the basic operation used in DSP. The DSP56K family of processors has a dualHarvard architecture optimized for MAC operations. Figure 1-3 shows how the DSP56K
architecture matches the shape of the MAC operation. The two operands, CO and XO, aredirected to a multiply operation, and the result is summed. This process is built into thechip by using two separate memories (X and Y) to feed a single-cycle MAC. The entireprocess must occur under program control to direct the correct operands to the multiplierand save the accumulator as needed. Since the two memories and the MAC are independent,the DSP can perform two moves, a multiply and an accumulate, in a singleoperation. As a result, many of the benchmarks shown in Table 1-1 can be executed at ornear the theoretical maximum speed for a single-multiplier architecture.1.3 SUMMARY OF DSP56K FAMILY FEATURESThe high throughput of the DSP56K family of processors makes them well suited for communication,high-speed control, numeric processing and computer and audioapplications. The main features that contribute to this high throughput include:• Speed - Speeds high enough to easily address applications traditionally served bylow-end floating point DSPs.FIR FILTERNE c(k) x (n-k)k = 0 '-v---J ~· ., .. ,"; ""',· ,-I PROGRAMI'", .. """"JMACFigure 1-3 DSP Hardware Origins
Page 3 and 4: DSP56K FAMILY INTRODUCTIONDSP56K CE
Page 5: Motorola reserves the right to make
Page 8 and 9: Table of Contents (Continued)Paragr
Page 10 and 11: ParagraphNumberTable of Contents (C
Page 13 and 14: FigureNumberList of Figures (Contin
Page 15: List of Tables (Continued)TablePage
Page 19 and 20: 1.1 INTRODUCTIONThe DSP56K family i
Page 21 and 22: Fewer componentsStable, determinist
Page 23: Digital FilteringFinite Impulse Res
Page 27 and 28: • DSP56001 Compatibility - All me
Page 29: SECTION 2DSP56K CENTRAL ARCHITECTUR
Page 32 and 33: --I«a:w:ca.ffi~a. a.24-Bit 56KModu
Page 34 and 35: -rectly addressable registers: the
Page 37 and 38: 3.1 DATA ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNITThis
Page 39 and 40: 3.2.1 Data ALU Input Registers (X1,
Page 41 and 42: """""" 24 BITS;:~:>~~::~~~:~:~:~:::
Page 43 and 44: 3.2.4 Accumulator ShifterThe accumu
Page 45 and 46: Table 3-1 Limited Data ValuesDestin
Page 47 and 48: _--- N BITS ---_TWOS COMPLEMENT INT
Page 49 and 50: CASE I: IF AO < $800000 (1/2), THEN
Page 51 and 52: one instruction cycle. The ANDI ins
Page 53: 3.5 DATA ALU PROGRAMMING MODELThe D
Page 57 and 58: 4.1 ADDRESS GENERATION UNIT AND ADD
Page 59 and 60: !---LOWADDRESS ALU -----I~.j.I.....
Page 61 and 62: •••••••• _ ........
Page 63 and 64: 4.4.1 Address Register Indirect Mod
Page 65 and 66: EXAMPLE: MOVE BO,V: (R1)+BEFORE EXE
Page 67 and 68: EXAMPLE: MOVE X1,X: (R2)+N2BEFORE E
Page 69 and 70: EXAMPLE: MOVE Y1,X: (RS+NS)BEFORE E
Page 71 and 72: Table 4-2 Address Modifier SummaryM
Page 73 and 74: ADDRESS -f-_POINTERUPPER BOUNDARYiM
Page 75 and 76:
EXAMPLE: MOVE XO,X:(R2)+NLET:M2 00
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oundary gives a 16-bit binary numbe
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4.4.2.4 Address-Modifier-Type Encod
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SECTION 5PROGRAM CONTROL UNIT-
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X MEMORYRAM/ROMIII E:XPAf'JSIC)N LI
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interruptible since they are fetche
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PROGRAM CONTROL UNIT-23 1615 023 16
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The GGR is a special purpose contro
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If S 1 =0 and SO=O (no scaling)then
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-23 876543210I * 1* JSO I * I Mel y
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5.4.5.1 Stack Pointer (Bits 0-3)The
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-DATA ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNITINPUT RE
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6.1 INSTRUCTION SET INTRODUCTIONThe
Page 103 and 104:
shown in Figure 6-2. Most instructi
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23 87 0L...-I ___-'-I_---'I BUS~ LS
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The MR and CCR may be accessed indi
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6.3.4 Operand ReferencesThe DSP sep
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Some address register indirect mode
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EXAMPLE A: IMMEDIATE INTO 24-BIT RE
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EXAMPLE A: IMMEDIATE SHORT INTO AO,
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EXAMPLE A: MOVE P: $3200,XOBEFORE E
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Table 6-1 Addressing Modes SummaryA
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6.4.2 LogicallnstructlonsThe logica
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START OF LOOP1)SP+ 1 • SP; LA. SS
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OPCODE/OPERANDSPARALLEL MOVE EXAMPL
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SECTION 7PROCESSING STATES-
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Each instruction requires a minimum
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second instruction of the downloade
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The DO instruction is another instr
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SP and SSH/SSL register manipulatio
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7.3.1 Interrupt TypesThe DSP56K rel
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Table 7-2 Status Register Interrupt
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7.3.3 Interrupt SourcesInterrupts c
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interrupts makes it very useful for
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MAINPROGRAMFETCHESLONG INTERRUPTSER
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7.3.3.3 Other Interrupt SourcesOthe
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7.3.4 Interrupt ArbitrationInterrup
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7.3.7 Interrupt Instruction Executi
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MAINPROGRAMMEMORYINTERRUPT SYNCHRON
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MAINPROGRAMFETCHESINTERRUPTSYNCHRON
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MAINPROGRAMFAST INTERRUPTVECTORLONG
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MAINPROGRAMFETCHESNTERRUPTSYN8HRCNZ
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7.5 WAIT PROCESSING STATEThe WAIT i
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The stop processing state halts all
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the first instruction fetch). If th
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RESET -----------------------------
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16 - BIT INTERNALADDRESS BUSESX ADD
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8.2.2.1 Address (AO-A15)These three
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SECTION 9PLL CLOCK OSCILLATOR-
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X MEMORYRAM/ROMEXPANSION24-Bit56KMo
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23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
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cleared. To enable rapid recovery w
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-CLVCCVCC for the CKOUT output. The
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4. For all input frequencies which
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While the PLL is regaining lock, th
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10.1 ON-CHIP EMULATION INTRODUCTION
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10.2.2 Debug Serial Clock/Chip Stat
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76543210I R/W I GO I EX I RS41 RS31
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shifted in (so a new command is ava
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10.3.4.4 Software Debug Occurrence
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10.4.4 Memory High Address Comparat
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10.6.1 External Debug Request Durin
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PABCIRCULARBUFFERPOINTERDSCKDSOFigu
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are serially available to the exter
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k. ACKI. ClKm. Send command READ FI
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19. ACK20. Send command READ GDB RE
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10.11.6.1 Case 1: Return To The Pre
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SECTION 11ADDITIONAL SUPPORTDr. BuB
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The following is a partial list of
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• In-line assembler language code
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I Document 10 I Version Synopsis I
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
I Document ID I Version Synopsis I
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
11.5 MOTOROLA DSP NEWSThe Motorola
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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSINGAlan V. Op
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C Programming Language:Controls:. C
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Image Processing:DIGITAL IMAGE PROC
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LINEAR PREDICTION OF SPEECHJ. D. Ma
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A.1 APPENDIX A INTRODUCTIONThis app
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XnYnTable A-1 Instruction Descripti
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Table A-1 Instruction Description N
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Table A-1 Instruction Description N
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Table A-2 DSP56K Addressing ModesAd
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The address register indirect addre
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A.SCONDITION CODE COMPUTATION15 14
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S1 SO Scaling Mode Signed Integer P
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Table A-5 Condition Code Computatio
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A.7 INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTIONSThe fol
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ABSAbsolute ValueABSInstruction For
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ADC Add Long with Carry ADCresult.
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ADD Add ADDCondition Codes:15 14 13
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ADDL Shift Left and Add Accumulator
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ADDR Shift Right and Add Accumulato
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ANDLogical ANDANDInstruction Format
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ANDIAND Immediate with Control Regi
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ASL Arithmetic Shift Accumulator Le
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ASR Arithmetic Shift Accumulator Ri
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BCHG Bit Test and Change BCHGExplan
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BCHGBit Test and ChangeBCHGInstruct
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BCHGBit Test and ChangeBCHGInstruct
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BCHG Bit Test and Change BCHGNotes:
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BCLR Bit Test and Clear BCLRExplana
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BClRBit Test and ClearBClRInstructi
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BClRBit Test and ClearBClRInstructi
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BClR Bit Test and Clear BClRNotes:
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BSET Bit Test and Set BSETExplanati
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BSETBit Test and SetBSETInstruction
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BSETBit Test and SetBSETInstruction
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BSET Bit Test and Set BSETNotes: If
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BTSTBit TestBTSTCondition Codes:115
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8TSTBit Test8TSTInstruction Format:
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8TSTBit Test8TSTInstruction Format:
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CLRClear AccumulatorCLRInstruction
Page 313 and 314:
CMP Compare CMPCondition Codes:15 1
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CMPM Compare Magnitude CMPMConditio
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DEBUGEnter Debug ModeDEBUGOpcode:23
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DEBUGcc Enter Debug Mode Conditiona
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DEC Decrement by One DECInstruction
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DIV Divide Interation DIVThe DIV in
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DIV Divide Interation DIVNote that
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DIVInstruction Format:DIV S,DDivide
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DO Start Hardware Loop DOexecuted 6
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DOStart Hardware LoopDOAt LAOther R
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DOStart Hardware LoopDOInstruction
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DOStart Hardware LoopDOInstruction
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DO Start Hardware Loop DONotes: If
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ENDDO End Current DO Loop ENDDOExpl
Page 341 and 342:
EOR Logical Exclusive OR EORInstruc
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ILLEGALIllegal Instruction Interrup
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INC Increment by One INCInstruction
Page 347 and 348:
Jcc Jump Conditionally JccRestricti
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JccJump ConditionallyJccEffectiveAd
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JCLR Jump If Bit Clear JCLRRestrict
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JCLRJump If Bit ClearJCLRInstructio
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JCLR Jump If Bit Clear JCLRInstruct
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JMPJumpJMPInstruction Fields:xxx=12
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JSccJump to Subroutine Conditionall
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JScc Jump to Subroutine Conditional
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JSCLR Jump to Subroutine if Bit Cle
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JSCLRJump to Subroutine If Bit Clea
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JSCLRJump to Subroutine If Bit Clea
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JSCLR Jump to Subroutine If Bit Cle
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JSET Jump if Bit Set JSETRestrictio
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JSETJump if Bit SetJSETInstruction
Page 375 and 376:
JSET Jump If Bit Set JSETInstructio
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JSR Jump to Subroutine JSRInstructi
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JSSET Jump to Subroutine if Bit Set
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JSSETJump to Subroutine if Bit SetJ
Page 383 and 384:
JSSET Jump to Subroutine if Bit Set
Page 385 and 386:
LSL Logical Shift Left LSLCondition
Page 387 and 388:
LSR Logical Shift Right LSRConditio
Page 389 and 390:
LUALoad Updated AddressLUACondition
Page 391 and 392:
MAC Signed Multiply-Accumulate MACC
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MACSigned Multiply-AccumulateMACTim
Page 395 and 396:
MACR Signed Multiply-Accumulate and
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MACR Signed MUltiply-Accumulate and
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MOVE Move Data MOVEExplanation of E
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MOVE Move Data MOVEWhen a 56-bit ac
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No Parallel Data MoveInstruction Fo
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I Immediate Short Data Move IExampl
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I Immediate Short Data Move IDDD d
Page 409 and 410:
R Register to Register Data Move RE
Page 411 and 412:
R Register to Register Data Move RI
Page 413 and 414:
uAddress Register UpdateuInstructio
Page 415 and 416:
X: X Memory Data Move X:Note:Due to
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X: X Memory Data Move X:S D DS,D d
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X: X Memory Data Move X:S D DS,D d
Page 421 and 422:
X:R X Memory and Register Data Move
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Y: Y Memory Data Move Y:Note: This
Page 429 and 430:
Y: Y Memory Data Move Y:S D DS,D d
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Y: Y Memory Data Move Y:S D DS,D d
Page 433 and 434:
R:V Register and V Memory Data Move
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R:V Register and Y Memory Data Move
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R:V Register and Y Memory Data Move
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L: Long Memory Data Move L:Example:
Page 441 and 442:
L: Long Memory Data Move L:Instruct
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X: Y: xv Memory Data Move X: Y:Exam
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X: Y: xv Memory Data Move X: Y:S1 D
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MOVEC Move Control Register MOVECst
Page 449 and 450:
MOVEC Move Control Register MOVECCo
Page 451 and 452:
MOVECMove Control RegisterMOVECInst
Page 453 and 454:
MOVEC Move Control Register MOVECTi
Page 455 and 456:
MOVEM Move Program Memory MOVEMoper
Page 457 and 458:
MOVEM Move Program Memory MOVEMInst
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MOVEMMove Program MemoryMOVEMInstru
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MOVEP Move Peripheral Data MOVEPist
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MOVEP Move Peripheral Data MOVEPCon
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MOVEP Move Peripheral Data MOVEPIns
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MOVEP Move Peripheral Data MOVEPIns
Page 469 and 470:
MPY Signed Multiply MPYExplanation
Page 471 and 472:
MPY Signed Multiply MPYInstruction
Page 473 and 474:
MPYR Signed Multiply and Round MPYR
Page 475 and 476:
MPYR Signed Multiply and Round MPYR
Page 477 and 478:
NEGNegate AccumulatorNEGInstruction
Page 479 and 480:
NOPNo OperationNOPInstruction Forma
Page 481 and 482:
NORM Normalize Accumulator Iteratio
Page 483 and 484:
NOTLogical ComplementNOTInstruction
Page 485 and 486:
ORLogical Inclusive ORORInstruction
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ORI OR Immediate with Control Regis
Page 489 and 490:
REP Repeat Next Instruction REPRest
Page 491 and 492:
REPRepeat Next InstructionREPInstru
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REPRepeat Next InstructionREPInstru
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REP Repeat Next Instruction REPNote
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RESETReset On-Chip Peripheral Devic
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RND Round Accumulator RNDConvergent
Page 501 and 502:
RNDRound AccumulatorRNDInstruction
Page 503 and 504:
ROL Rotate Left ROLCondition Codes:
Page 505 and 506:
ROR Rotate Right RORCondition Codes
Page 507 and 508:
RTIReturn from InterruptRTIConditio
Page 509 and 510:
RTSReturn from SubroutineRTSInstruc
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sec Subtract Long with Carry secExp
Page 513 and 514:
secSubtract Long with CarrysecInstr
Page 515 and 516:
STOPStop Instruction ProcessingSTOP
Page 517 and 518:
SUB Subtract SUBCondition Codes:S -
Page 519 and 520:
SUBL Shift Left and Subtract Accumu
Page 521 and 522:
SUBR Shift Right and Subtract Accum
Page 523 and 524:
SWISoftware InterruptSWICondition C
Page 525 and 526:
Tee Transfer Conditionally Teetion
Page 527 and 528:
Tee Transfer Conditionally TeeInstr
Page 529 and 530:
TFR Transfer Data ALU Register TFRC
Page 531 and 532:
TSTTest AccumulatorTSTInstruction F
Page 533 and 534:
WAIT Wait for Interrupt WAITConditi
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including the number of words per i
Page 537 and 538:
5. Compute final results.Thus, base
Page 539 and 540:
JLC (R2+N2)will requireand will exe
Page 541 and 542:
Table A-6 Instruction Timing Summar
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Note that the "ap" term in Table A-
Page 545 and 546:
Table A-14 Memory Access Timing Sum
Page 547 and 548:
Other RestrictionsDO SSH,xxxxJSR to
Page 549 and 550:
Immediately before MOVEC from SSH o
Page 551 and 552:
A.9.S REP RestrictionsThe REP instr
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Table A-18 Triple-Bit Register Enco
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Table A-24 Program Control Unit Reg
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R: Register to Register Parallel Da
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JSSETJSSET#n,X:pp,XXXX#n,Y:pp,xxxx2
Page 561 and 562:
JSSET#n,S,xxxx23 16 15 87 000001011
Page 563 and 564:
BCHGBCHG#n,X:aa#n,Y:aa23 16 15 87 0
Page 565 and 566:
MOVE(M)MOVE(M)S,P:aaP:aa,DREP #XXXR
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LUAea,O23 16 15 87 0I 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
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ENDDO23 16 15 87 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 1
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Table A-28 Operation Code QQQ Decod
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Table A-30 Special Case #10 P E R C
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NEGD23 87 43 0DATA BUS MOVE FIELDLS
Page 577:
ADDRS,D23 87 43 oDATA BUS MOVE FIEL
Page 580 and 581:
lEI
Page 582 and 583:
Table 8-1 27-MHz Benchmark Results
Page 584 and 585:
.*._---*-----*-------**-------....
Page 586 and 587:
;Latest Revision - September 30, 19
Page 588 and 589:
All coefficients are divided by 2:w
Page 590 and 591:
Real input FFT based on Glenn Bergl
Page 592 and 593:
countountcountcountorg y:coefset 0d
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; Real-Valued FFT for MOTOROLA DSP5
Page 596 and 597:
; first group in the last passmove
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A Accumulator ....... ' ...........
Page 601 and 602:
-H- fast ..........................
Page 603 and 604:
PGND ..............................
Page 605 and 606:
DSP56K FAMILY INTRODUCTIONDSP56K CE
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