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egister contents. The registers may also be read back out to the appropriate data bus toimplement memory-delay operations and save/restore operations for interrupt serviceroutines.3.2.2 MAC and Logic UnitThe MAC and logic unit shown in Figure 3-3 conduct the main arithmetic processing andperform all calculations on data operands in the DSP.For arithmetic instructions, the unit accepts up to three input operands and outputs one56-bit result in the following form: extension:most significant productleast significantproduct (EXT:MSP:LSP). The operation of the MAC unit occurs independently and in parallelwith XDB and YDB activity, and its registers facilitate buffering for Data ALU inputsand outputs. Latches on the MAC unit input permit writing an input register which is thesource for a Data ALU operation in the same instruction.The arithmetic unit contains a multiplier and two accumulators. The input to the multipliercan only come from the X or Y registers (X1, XO, Y1, YO). The multiplier executes 24-bitx 24-bit, parallel, twos-complement fractional multiplies. The 48-bit product is right justifiedand added to the 56-bit contents of either the A or B accumulator. The 56-bit sum isstored back in the same accumulator (see Figure 3-3). An 8-bit adder, which acts as anextension accumulator for the MAC array, accommodates overflow of up to 256 and allowsthe two 56-bit accumulators to be added to and subtracted from each other. Theextension adder output is the EXT portion of the MAC unit output. This multiply/accumulateoperation is not pipelined, but is a single-cycle operation. If the instruction specifies amultiply without accumulation (MPy), the MAC clears the accumulator and then adds thecontents to the product.In summary, the results of all arithmetic instructions are valid (sign-extended and zerofilled)56-bit operands in the form of EXT:MSP:LSP (A2:A1 :AO or B2:B1 :BO). When a 56-bit result is to be stored as a 24-bit operand, the LSP can be simply truncated, or it can berounded (using convergent rounding) into the MSP.Convergent rounding (round-to-nearest) is performed when the instruction (for example,the Signed multiply-accumulate and round (MACR) instruction) specifies adding the multiplier'sproduct to the contents of the accumulator. The scaling mode bits in the statusregister specify which bit in the accumulator shall be rounded.The logic unit performs the logical operations AND, OR, EOR, and NOT on Data ALU registers.It is 24 bits wide and operates on data in the MSP portion of the accumulator. TheLSP and EXT portions of the accumulator are not affected.
"""""" 24 BITS;:~:>~~::~~~:~:~:~::::::m::~: 48 BITS___ 56BITSXO,X1,YO, OR Y1XO,X1,YO, OR Y1XO,X1,YO,ORY1,- -- ------24-BITx24-BIT-t -- --FRACTIONALMULTIPLIER-~ --~~;ji~j~~~~--HFTERCONVERGENT - ROUNDINGFORCING FUNCTIONSCALINGMODE BITSCONDITION...... ~ CODE GENERATORFigure 3-3 MAC Unit3.2.3 Data ALU A and B AccumulatorsThe Data ALU features two general-purpose, 56-bit accumulators, A and 8. Each consistsof three concatenated registers (A2:A 1 :AO and 82:81:80, respectively). The 8-bitsign extension (EXT) is stored in A2 or 82 and is used when more than 48-bit accuracy isneeded; the 24-bit most significant product (MSP) is stored in A 1 or 81; the 24-bit leastsignificant product (LSP) is stored in AO or 80 as shown in Figure 3-4.
Page 3 and 4: DSP56K FAMILY INTRODUCTIONDSP56K CE
Page 5: Motorola reserves the right to make
Page 8 and 9: Table of Contents (Continued)Paragr
Page 10 and 11: ParagraphNumberTable of Contents (C
Page 13 and 14: FigureNumberList of Figures (Contin
Page 15: List of Tables (Continued)TablePage
Page 19 and 20: 1.1 INTRODUCTIONThe DSP56K family i
Page 21 and 22: Fewer componentsStable, determinist
Page 23 and 24: Digital FilteringFinite Impulse Res
Page 25 and 26: architecture matches the shape of t
Page 27 and 28: • DSP56001 Compatibility - All me
Page 29: SECTION 2DSP56K CENTRAL ARCHITECTUR
Page 32 and 33: --I«a:w:ca.ffi~a. a.24-Bit 56KModu
Page 34 and 35: -rectly addressable registers: the
Page 37 and 38: 3.1 DATA ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNITThis
Page 39: 3.2.1 Data ALU Input Registers (X1,
Page 43 and 44: 3.2.4 Accumulator ShifterThe accumu
Page 45 and 46: Table 3-1 Limited Data ValuesDestin
Page 47 and 48: _--- N BITS ---_TWOS COMPLEMENT INT
Page 49 and 50: CASE I: IF AO < $800000 (1/2), THEN
Page 51 and 52: one instruction cycle. The ANDI ins
Page 53: 3.5 DATA ALU PROGRAMMING MODELThe D
Page 57 and 58: 4.1 ADDRESS GENERATION UNIT AND ADD
Page 59 and 60: !---LOWADDRESS ALU -----I~.j.I.....
Page 61 and 62: •••••••• _ ........
Page 63 and 64: 4.4.1 Address Register Indirect Mod
Page 65 and 66: EXAMPLE: MOVE BO,V: (R1)+BEFORE EXE
Page 67 and 68: EXAMPLE: MOVE X1,X: (R2)+N2BEFORE E
Page 69 and 70: EXAMPLE: MOVE Y1,X: (RS+NS)BEFORE E
Page 71 and 72: Table 4-2 Address Modifier SummaryM
Page 73 and 74: ADDRESS -f-_POINTERUPPER BOUNDARYiM
Page 75 and 76: EXAMPLE: MOVE XO,X:(R2)+NLET:M2 00
Page 77 and 78: oundary gives a 16-bit binary numbe
Page 79 and 80: 4.4.2.4 Address-Modifier-Type Encod
Page 81: SECTION 5PROGRAM CONTROL UNIT-
Page 84 and 85: X MEMORYRAM/ROMIII E:XPAf'JSIC)N LI
Page 86 and 87: interruptible since they are fetche
Page 88 and 89: PROGRAM CONTROL UNIT-23 1615 023 16
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The GGR is a special purpose contro
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If S 1 =0 and SO=O (no scaling)then
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-23 876543210I * 1* JSO I * I Mel y
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5.4.5.1 Stack Pointer (Bits 0-3)The
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-DATA ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNITINPUT RE
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6.1 INSTRUCTION SET INTRODUCTIONThe
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shown in Figure 6-2. Most instructi
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23 87 0L...-I ___-'-I_---'I BUS~ LS
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The MR and CCR may be accessed indi
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6.3.4 Operand ReferencesThe DSP sep
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Some address register indirect mode
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EXAMPLE A: IMMEDIATE INTO 24-BIT RE
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EXAMPLE A: IMMEDIATE SHORT INTO AO,
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EXAMPLE A: MOVE P: $3200,XOBEFORE E
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Table 6-1 Addressing Modes SummaryA
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6.4.2 LogicallnstructlonsThe logica
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START OF LOOP1)SP+ 1 • SP; LA. SS
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OPCODE/OPERANDSPARALLEL MOVE EXAMPL
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SECTION 7PROCESSING STATES-
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Each instruction requires a minimum
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second instruction of the downloade
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The DO instruction is another instr
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SP and SSH/SSL register manipulatio
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7.3.1 Interrupt TypesThe DSP56K rel
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Table 7-2 Status Register Interrupt
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7.3.3 Interrupt SourcesInterrupts c
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interrupts makes it very useful for
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MAINPROGRAMFETCHESLONG INTERRUPTSER
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7.3.3.3 Other Interrupt SourcesOthe
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7.3.4 Interrupt ArbitrationInterrup
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7.3.7 Interrupt Instruction Executi
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MAINPROGRAMMEMORYINTERRUPT SYNCHRON
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MAINPROGRAMFETCHESINTERRUPTSYNCHRON
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MAINPROGRAMFAST INTERRUPTVECTORLONG
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MAINPROGRAMFETCHESNTERRUPTSYN8HRCNZ
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7.5 WAIT PROCESSING STATEThe WAIT i
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The stop processing state halts all
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the first instruction fetch). If th
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RESET -----------------------------
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16 - BIT INTERNALADDRESS BUSESX ADD
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8.2.2.1 Address (AO-A15)These three
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SECTION 9PLL CLOCK OSCILLATOR-
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X MEMORYRAM/ROMEXPANSION24-Bit56KMo
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23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
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cleared. To enable rapid recovery w
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-CLVCCVCC for the CKOUT output. The
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4. For all input frequencies which
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While the PLL is regaining lock, th
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10.1 ON-CHIP EMULATION INTRODUCTION
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10.2.2 Debug Serial Clock/Chip Stat
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76543210I R/W I GO I EX I RS41 RS31
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shifted in (so a new command is ava
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10.3.4.4 Software Debug Occurrence
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10.4.4 Memory High Address Comparat
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10.6.1 External Debug Request Durin
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PABCIRCULARBUFFERPOINTERDSCKDSOFigu
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are serially available to the exter
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k. ACKI. ClKm. Send command READ FI
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19. ACK20. Send command READ GDB RE
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10.11.6.1 Case 1: Return To The Pre
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SECTION 11ADDITIONAL SUPPORTDr. BuB
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The following is a partial list of
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• In-line assembler language code
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I Document 10 I Version Synopsis I
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
I Document ID I Version Synopsis I
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Page 232 and 233:
11.5 MOTOROLA DSP NEWSThe Motorola
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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSINGAlan V. Op
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C Programming Language:Controls:. C
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Image Processing:DIGITAL IMAGE PROC
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LINEAR PREDICTION OF SPEECHJ. D. Ma
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A.1 APPENDIX A INTRODUCTIONThis app
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XnYnTable A-1 Instruction Descripti
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Table A-1 Instruction Description N
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Table A-1 Instruction Description N
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Table A-2 DSP56K Addressing ModesAd
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The address register indirect addre
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A.SCONDITION CODE COMPUTATION15 14
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S1 SO Scaling Mode Signed Integer P
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Table A-5 Condition Code Computatio
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A.7 INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTIONSThe fol
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ABSAbsolute ValueABSInstruction For
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ADC Add Long with Carry ADCresult.
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ADD Add ADDCondition Codes:15 14 13
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ADDL Shift Left and Add Accumulator
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ADDR Shift Right and Add Accumulato
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ANDLogical ANDANDInstruction Format
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ANDIAND Immediate with Control Regi
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ASL Arithmetic Shift Accumulator Le
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ASR Arithmetic Shift Accumulator Ri
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BCHG Bit Test and Change BCHGExplan
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BCHGBit Test and ChangeBCHGInstruct
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BCHGBit Test and ChangeBCHGInstruct
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BCHG Bit Test and Change BCHGNotes:
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BCLR Bit Test and Clear BCLRExplana
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BClRBit Test and ClearBClRInstructi
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BClRBit Test and ClearBClRInstructi
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BClR Bit Test and Clear BClRNotes:
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BSET Bit Test and Set BSETExplanati
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BSETBit Test and SetBSETInstruction
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BSETBit Test and SetBSETInstruction
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BSET Bit Test and Set BSETNotes: If
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BTSTBit TestBTSTCondition Codes:115
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8TSTBit Test8TSTInstruction Format:
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8TSTBit Test8TSTInstruction Format:
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CLRClear AccumulatorCLRInstruction
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CMP Compare CMPCondition Codes:15 1
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CMPM Compare Magnitude CMPMConditio
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DEBUGEnter Debug ModeDEBUGOpcode:23
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DEBUGcc Enter Debug Mode Conditiona
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DEC Decrement by One DECInstruction
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DIV Divide Interation DIVThe DIV in
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DIV Divide Interation DIVNote that
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DIVInstruction Format:DIV S,DDivide
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DO Start Hardware Loop DOexecuted 6
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DOStart Hardware LoopDOAt LAOther R
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DOStart Hardware LoopDOInstruction
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DOStart Hardware LoopDOInstruction
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DO Start Hardware Loop DONotes: If
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ENDDO End Current DO Loop ENDDOExpl
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EOR Logical Exclusive OR EORInstruc
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ILLEGALIllegal Instruction Interrup
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INC Increment by One INCInstruction
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Jcc Jump Conditionally JccRestricti
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JccJump ConditionallyJccEffectiveAd
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JCLR Jump If Bit Clear JCLRRestrict
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JCLRJump If Bit ClearJCLRInstructio
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JCLR Jump If Bit Clear JCLRInstruct
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JMPJumpJMPInstruction Fields:xxx=12
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JSccJump to Subroutine Conditionall
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JScc Jump to Subroutine Conditional
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JSCLR Jump to Subroutine if Bit Cle
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JSCLRJump to Subroutine If Bit Clea
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JSCLRJump to Subroutine If Bit Clea
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JSCLR Jump to Subroutine If Bit Cle
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JSET Jump if Bit Set JSETRestrictio
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JSETJump if Bit SetJSETInstruction
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JSET Jump If Bit Set JSETInstructio
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JSR Jump to Subroutine JSRInstructi
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JSSET Jump to Subroutine if Bit Set
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JSSETJump to Subroutine if Bit SetJ
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JSSET Jump to Subroutine if Bit Set
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LSL Logical Shift Left LSLCondition
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LSR Logical Shift Right LSRConditio
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LUALoad Updated AddressLUACondition
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MAC Signed Multiply-Accumulate MACC
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MACSigned Multiply-AccumulateMACTim
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MACR Signed Multiply-Accumulate and
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MACR Signed MUltiply-Accumulate and
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MOVE Move Data MOVEExplanation of E
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MOVE Move Data MOVEWhen a 56-bit ac
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No Parallel Data MoveInstruction Fo
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I Immediate Short Data Move IExampl
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I Immediate Short Data Move IDDD d
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R Register to Register Data Move RE
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R Register to Register Data Move RI
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uAddress Register UpdateuInstructio
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X: X Memory Data Move X:Note:Due to
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X: X Memory Data Move X:S D DS,D d
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X: X Memory Data Move X:S D DS,D d
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X:R X Memory and Register Data Move
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Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Y: Y Memory Data Move Y:Note: This
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Y: Y Memory Data Move Y:S D DS,D d
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Y: Y Memory Data Move Y:S D DS,D d
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R:V Register and V Memory Data Move
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R:V Register and Y Memory Data Move
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R:V Register and Y Memory Data Move
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L: Long Memory Data Move L:Example:
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L: Long Memory Data Move L:Instruct
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X: Y: xv Memory Data Move X: Y:Exam
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X: Y: xv Memory Data Move X: Y:S1 D
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MOVEC Move Control Register MOVECst
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MOVEC Move Control Register MOVECCo
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MOVECMove Control RegisterMOVECInst
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MOVEC Move Control Register MOVECTi
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MOVEM Move Program Memory MOVEMoper
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MOVEM Move Program Memory MOVEMInst
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MOVEMMove Program MemoryMOVEMInstru
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MOVEP Move Peripheral Data MOVEPist
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MOVEP Move Peripheral Data MOVEPCon
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MOVEP Move Peripheral Data MOVEPIns
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MOVEP Move Peripheral Data MOVEPIns
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MPY Signed Multiply MPYExplanation
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MPY Signed Multiply MPYInstruction
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MPYR Signed Multiply and Round MPYR
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MPYR Signed Multiply and Round MPYR
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NEGNegate AccumulatorNEGInstruction
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NOPNo OperationNOPInstruction Forma
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NORM Normalize Accumulator Iteratio
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NOTLogical ComplementNOTInstruction
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ORLogical Inclusive ORORInstruction
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ORI OR Immediate with Control Regis
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REP Repeat Next Instruction REPRest
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REPRepeat Next InstructionREPInstru
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REPRepeat Next InstructionREPInstru
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REP Repeat Next Instruction REPNote
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RESETReset On-Chip Peripheral Devic
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RND Round Accumulator RNDConvergent
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RNDRound AccumulatorRNDInstruction
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ROL Rotate Left ROLCondition Codes:
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ROR Rotate Right RORCondition Codes
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RTIReturn from InterruptRTIConditio
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RTSReturn from SubroutineRTSInstruc
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sec Subtract Long with Carry secExp
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secSubtract Long with CarrysecInstr
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STOPStop Instruction ProcessingSTOP
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SUB Subtract SUBCondition Codes:S -
Page 519 and 520:
SUBL Shift Left and Subtract Accumu
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SUBR Shift Right and Subtract Accum
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SWISoftware InterruptSWICondition C
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Tee Transfer Conditionally Teetion
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Tee Transfer Conditionally TeeInstr
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TFR Transfer Data ALU Register TFRC
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TSTTest AccumulatorTSTInstruction F
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WAIT Wait for Interrupt WAITConditi
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including the number of words per i
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5. Compute final results.Thus, base
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JLC (R2+N2)will requireand will exe
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Table A-6 Instruction Timing Summar
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Note that the "ap" term in Table A-
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Table A-14 Memory Access Timing Sum
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Other RestrictionsDO SSH,xxxxJSR to
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Immediately before MOVEC from SSH o
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A.9.S REP RestrictionsThe REP instr
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Table A-18 Triple-Bit Register Enco
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Table A-24 Program Control Unit Reg
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R: Register to Register Parallel Da
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JSSETJSSET#n,X:pp,XXXX#n,Y:pp,xxxx2
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JSSET#n,S,xxxx23 16 15 87 000001011
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BCHGBCHG#n,X:aa#n,Y:aa23 16 15 87 0
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MOVE(M)MOVE(M)S,P:aaP:aa,DREP #XXXR
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LUAea,O23 16 15 87 0I 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
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ENDDO23 16 15 87 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 1
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Table A-28 Operation Code QQQ Decod
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Table A-30 Special Case #10 P E R C
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NEGD23 87 43 0DATA BUS MOVE FIELDLS
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ADDRS,D23 87 43 oDATA BUS MOVE FIEL
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lEI
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Table 8-1 27-MHz Benchmark Results
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.*._---*-----*-------**-------....
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;Latest Revision - September 30, 19
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All coefficients are divided by 2:w
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Real input FFT based on Glenn Bergl
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countountcountcountorg y:coefset 0d
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; Real-Valued FFT for MOTOROLA DSP5
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; first group in the last passmove
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A Accumulator ....... ' ...........
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-H- fast ..........................
Page 603 and 604:
PGND ..............................
Page 605 and 606:
DSP56K FAMILY INTRODUCTIONDSP56K CE
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