World Status, Exploitation and Trade - WIDECAST

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CAYMAN ISLANDSTable 37. Approximate production figures from Cayman Turtle Farm for1980-1982 (J.R. Wood in litt. ,16 June 1983).CommodityUnits19801981Turtles slaughteredTotal weight kgMeatkgCalipee/Calipash kgShell (Carapace) kgShell (Plastron) kgSkinssets32 123599 770137 72736 36A5 4551 81815 0004
CAYMAN ISLANDS(E.G. Roet in litt. to R. Parsons, 17 February 1983). The last import ofadults was from Mexico in September 1977 (J.R. Wood in litt. . 16 June1983). The total number of adult turtles obtained is estimated to be around250 (Mrosovsky, 1983).Breeding The wild-collected eggs have been incubated on the farm, andthe hatching success experienced is shown in Table 39. The first hatchlingsobtained from eggs laid on the farm (by parental breeding stock collectedfrom the wild) took place in 1973. Since then, successful breeding hasoccurred regularly; the numbers of eggs laid and their hatching success rateis also shown in Table 39. The first successful hatching of eggs obtainedfrom adults which themselves had been hatched on the farm occurred in 1975,and the numbers of eggs produced, together with their hatching success rate,are shown separately in Table 39. It can be seen that the hatching successhas been considerably lower for eggs from the farm-reared stock than fromthe captive-wild stock, which, in turn, was lower than from thewild-collected eggs. The low success has been attributed to diminishedfertility, the causes of which are still being investigated, but are thoughtto be related to the greater obesity of farm-reared animals and the shortertime spent in coition (Anon., 1985f).There has been no second-generation breeding of turtles on the farm.Turtles conceived and hatched on the farm have only recently reachedmaturity. The first two such females laid eggs in 1983 and a further twobroods were laid in 1984, but none of the eggs has hatched (Ford, 1985).Table 39. Hatching results of eggs incubated at Cayman Turtle Farm,obtained from different sources: 1. Wild-collected eggs, purchased by thefarm; 2. Eggs laid by turtles in the farm which had been collected from thewild as adults (Captive-wild); 3. Eggs laid by turtles in the farm whichhad themselves been hatched from eggs on the farm (Farm-reared). Data fromAnon. (1985f) and E.G. Roet ( in litt. to R. Parsons, 17 February 1983).Hatching successes in brackets are for only part of the total eggs laid.Year
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A publication of the Secretariat of
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CONTEMTSSARAWAK 314WEST MALAYSIA 31
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INTRODUCTIONSUMMARY1. Recent invest
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INTRODUCTIONoutboard motors, nylon
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.INTRODUCTIONSCOPE AND METHODSThe p
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..INTRODUCTIONshown to deserve form
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INTRODUCTIONMARINE TURTLE BIOLOGY A
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...INTRODUCTIONExcept for the nesti
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INTRODUCTION5 000 C. mydas nested i
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INTRODUCTIONMigration and philopatr
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INTRODUCTIONBut harvesting is rarel
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..INTRODUCTIONIf the details of hom
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INTRODUCTIONrelatively large averag
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INTRODUCTIONMethods ofturtle exploi
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INTRODUCTIONextremely heavy harvest
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INTRODUCTIONmight otherwise have su
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INTRODUCTION"preservationists in th
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INTRODUCTIONAlthough in global term
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INTRODUCTIONVery large quantities o
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I u-> I I I I II l/^ I i CM i I >0
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INTRODUCTIONsuggested (e.g. Dodd ,
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INTRODOCTIOMone of the recorded cau
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INTRODUCTIONNote^: the "indication
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INTRODUCTIOMNevertheless, there is
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INTRODUCTIONbecause of over-exploit
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INTRODUCTIONConservation status and
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INTRODUCTIONTable 11, continued.Che
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INTRODUCTIONTable 11, continued.Che
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AMERICAN SAMOAPOPULATION:Chelonia m
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ANGOLAPOPULATION:Chelonla mydasNest
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ANGUILLAPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNe
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ANGUILLALEGISLATIONTurtle Ordinance
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ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA(1978, cited in
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ARUBAPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNesti
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ASCENSION AND ST HELENAForaging sit
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AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA:QUEENSLANDPOPULA
Page 83 and 84: AUSTEtALIAEXPLOITATIONThe main spec
Page 85 and 86: AUSTEUI.IADomestic trade Commercial
Page 87 and 88: VsAUSTRALIAArchipelago, all off the
Page 89 and 90: AUSTRALIALEGISLATIONWildlife Conser
Page 91 and 92: BAHAMASPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNes
Page 93 and 94: BAHAMASTable 18. Green Turtle and H
Page 95 and 96: BAHRAINGreen Turtles are reported t
Page 97 and 98: BANGLADESHCITES Annual Reports cont
Page 99 and 100: BARBADOSRANCHING/ HATCHERIESAn expe
Page 101 and 102: BELIZEForaging sites Whilst nesting
Page 103 and 104: BELIZEWildlife Protection Act 1981
Page 105 and 106: BERMUDAPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNes
Page 107 and 108: BRAZILPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNest
Page 109 and 110: BRAZILPara are said to catch 0.2-0.
Page 111 and 112: BRAZILPortaria No. N-005, 31 Januar
Page 113 and 114: BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORIESFor
Page 115 and 116: BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDSPOPULATION:Ch
Page 117 and 118: BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDSEXPLOITATIONC
Page 119 and 120: BRUNEIPOPULATIONAccording to Harris
Page 121 and 122: BURMAegg collection, now support mi
Page 123 and 124: BURMATable 30. Marine turtle eggs c
Page 125 and 126: BURMADomestic trade Most of the egg
Page 127 and 128: CANARY ISLANDS(SPAIN)There is only
Page 129 and 130: CAYMAN ISLANDSPOPULATIONThe breedin
Page 131 and 132: CAYMAN ISLANDSTable 33. Direct expo
Page 133: CAYMAN ISLANDSTable 36. Imports of
Page 137 and 138: CAYMAN ISLANDSThe Marine Conservati
Page 139 and 140: CHINA,PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OFPOPULATIO
Page 141 and 142: CHINA,PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OFHistorica
Page 143 and 144: COLOMBIACOLOMBIA:CASIBBBANPOPULATIO
Page 145 and 146: COLOMBIAEXPLOITATIONComnodity Green
Page 147 and 148: COLOMBIAconcerning permits for hunt
Page 149 and 150: COMORO ISLANDSJune. The peak appear
Page 151 and 152: CONGONo recent information is avail
Page 153 and 154: COOK ISLANDSPalmerston. About 50 tu
Page 155 and 156: COSTA RICATrends in nesting numbers
Page 157 and 158: COSTA RICATHREATSExploitation of tu
Page 159 and 160: COSTA RICACOSTA RICA:PACIFICPOPULAT
Page 161 and 162: CUBAPOPULATION: Chelonia mydas . Kr
Page 163 and 164: CUBAof 250 kg, 215 kg and 75 kg of
Page 165 and 166: CYPRUSPOPULATION :Chelonia mydasNes
Page 167 and 168: CYPRUSLEGISLATIONFisheries Regulati
Page 169 and 170: IXMnNICAPOPULATION:Chalonla mydasNe
Page 171 and 172: DOMINICALEGISLATIONTurtle Ordinance
Page 173 and 174: DOMINICAN REPUBLICTable 52. Estimat
Page 175 and 176: DOMINICAN REPUBLICTable S3. Officia
Page 177 and 178: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC"commercial". Thi
Page 179 and 180: ECUADORTHREATSNo information locate
Page 181 and 182: ECUADORHurtado notes some movement
Page 183 and 184: EGYPTEGYPT:MEDITERRANEANPOPULATIONA
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EGYPTcurios, but not, apparently, i
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EQUATORIAL GUINEAEQUATORIAL GUINEA:
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ETHIOPIAPOPULATION: Chelonia mydaa
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FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIAwere
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FIJIPOPULATIOK :Chelonia mydasNesti
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FIJIThere is little qualitative inf
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~H01 «1-1 3^ >Lie0)iH« 2O VI-U g
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FRENCH GUIANAPOPULATION:Chelonla my
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FRENCH GUIANAArrete Prefectoral No.
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FRENCH POLYNESIATable 66. Total tra
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FRENCH POLYNESIAshow exports of 425
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GAMBIANo information is available o
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GRENADA AND THE GRENADIAN GRENADINE
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GRENADA AND THE GRENADIAN GRENADINE
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GUADELOUPE AND DEPENDENCIESNesting
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GUAMPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNestin
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GUATEMALAGUATEMALA:CARIBBEANPOPULAT
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GUATEMALAEXPLOITATIONCommodity Corn
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GUINEA BISSAUNo information availab
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GUYANATHREATSReichart et al (198A)
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HAITIin view of the quantity of tor
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1973
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HAWAIITable
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HONDURASHONDURAS:CARIBBEANPOPULATIO
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HONDURASDomestic trade Green Turtle
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HONDURASestablishes closed seasons,
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HONG KONGTable 75. Sources of impor
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INDIANesting numbers Nesting number
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INDIATable 77. Domestic exports of
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INDIAEXPLOITATIONConmodlty Both C.
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INDIAThe Andamans E. imbricata popu
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INDONESIAPangumbahan (SW Java),beac
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. SulawesiINDONESIATable 81continue
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1INDONESIAharvests are low in the b
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INDONESIAlaid at Pangumbahan. Schul
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mydasINDONESIALemukutanAlthough Sal
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INDONESIATable 88. Known E^ jmbrira
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INDONESIAparts of Riau and in Sulaw
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INDONESIAP. Pesambung, and perhaps
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INDONESIAThe harvest of adult E. im
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1INDONESIAjewellery. Most of the to
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INDONESIAEven allowing for the fact
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INDONESIAJavaHawksbill rearing oper
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0000n00CM0001c o c-P00O03LiOaSILio
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INDONESIATable 97. Percentage by we
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IRANfresh; it seems lilcely that a
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ISRAELPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNest
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iIVORY COASTNo information availabl
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JAMAICAHunting intensity Official S
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JAPANPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNesti
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JAPANHunting methods Host of the tu
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I nIIII c^I u^f^ I i ^I o»—II r^
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I I lO I I I I< I I I10I I I I II I
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KAMPUCHEAAccording to Bourret (1941
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KENYAPOPULAT I ON :Chelonia mydasNe
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KENYAto Japan in 1976, 1977 and 197
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KIRIBATILine and Gilbert groups; Ba
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KIRIBATIcatching 200-300 Green turt
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KOREA,REPUBLIC OFTable 111. Destina
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LIBERIASome nesting by C. mydas has
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MADAGASCARevidence, Europa must mak
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. mydasMADAGASCARTable 112.Madagasc
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MADAGASCARTable llA. Imports of raw
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MALAYSIAMALAYSIA:SABAHPOPULATIOK :C
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MALAYSIA1983 bearing a Philippines
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MALAYSIAlogarithmically transformed
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MALAYSIACustoms (Prohibition of Imp
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MALAYSIATable 122. Reported egg pro
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MALAYSIAThe only period when signif
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MALAYSIAWEST MALAYSIAPOPULATION:Che
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MALAYSIAinterpreting yield data fro
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MALAYSIAand 1978 there was a substa
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MALAYSIATable 131. International tr
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MALAYSIAA fifth hatchery was starte
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MALDIVESNesting season Didi (1983)
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MALDIVESthe 15 000 tourists were es
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MARSHALL ISLANDS.REPUBLIC OFPOPULAT
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HAHTINIQUEPOPULATION :Chelonia myda
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MARTINIQUEDomingue" (Dominican Repu
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MAURITANIAHunting methods Turtles a
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MAURITIUS AND DEPENDENCIESTable 138
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MAURITIUS AND DEPENDENCIESTable 139
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MAYOTTKPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNes
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MAYOTTK1987) recorded A2 shells fro
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MEXICOTable 141. Nest sites and est
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MEXICOTable 1A2. Nest sites and est
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MEXICOCampeche As noted above, Camp
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MEXICOno production at all was reco
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MEXICONesting season Nesting season
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MEXICOUntil the 1950s tortoiseshell
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MEXICO( Chelonia mydas or perhaps E
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MEXICOfigures, and based on an offi
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AtMEXICOalthough Alvarado and Figue
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MEXICOorigin Cayman Islands to Hong
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HONTSERE(ATDomestic trade Jeffers a
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MOZAMBIQUESingar and Mefunvo, near
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NAMIBIAWhile C. mydas is known to e
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NETHERLANDS ANTILLESNETHERLANDS ANT
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NETHERLANDS ANTILLESNETHERLANDS ANT
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NETHERLANDS ANTILLESSt Maarten: Spe
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NEW CALEDONIAPOPULATION:Chelonia my
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NEW CALEDONIAHunting methods Some t
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NICARAGUANICARAGUA:CARIBBEANPOPULAT
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NICASAGUAwages. Nietschmann (1981)
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NICARAGUAThe figures for 1980-82 ac
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NIGERIANo information available. Bo
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NORTHERN MARIANAS,COMMONWEALTH OFPO
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OMANalthough the species compositio
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OMANHistorical trends There is no d
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PAKISTANTable 153. Nesting emergenc
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PAKISTANbakeries who used them in b
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PALAU REPUBLICPOPULATION :Chelonia
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PALAU REPUBLICHunting methods Palau
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PANAMAPANAMA:CARIBBEANPOPULATION:Ch
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PANAMATable 155. Exports of tortols
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PANAMAEXPLOITATIONAccording to Corn
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PAPUA NEW GUINEAfrom West Sepik. Pr
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PAPUA NEW GUINEAinvolves many taboo
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PERUGreen Turtles have never been p
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PHILIPPINESPOPULATION:Chelonia myda
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PHILIPPINESambiguous. Reyes ( in li
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PHILIPPINESHunting intensity In spi
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PHILIPPINESStuffing industry in Zam
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PHILIPPINESTable 166. Imports of "T
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PHILIPPINESThe remaining 60% may be
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PUERTO RICOPOPULATION :Chelonla myd
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PUERTO RICOLEGISLATIONReglajnento D
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REUKION AND ILESBPARSESREUNIONReuni
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REUNION AND ILESEPARSESTable 169. H
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REUNION AND ILESEPARSESTable 169, a
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REUNION AND ILESEPARSESLe Gall et a
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REUNION AND ILBS EPARSBScatch. This
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REUNION AND ILESEPARSESthe surface
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SAO TOME AND PRINCIPEVirtually no r
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SAUDI ARABIANesting numbers No deta
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SAUDI ARABIAMigration No specific i
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ISENEGALPOPULAT I ON :Chelonia myda
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SEYCHELLESPOPULATION:Chelonia mydas
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SEYCHELLESwould thus have included
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SEYCHELLESaround Lhe Mozambiqup Cha
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SEYCHELLESTable 176. continuedFrazi
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SEYCHELLESmeat could have been eate
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SEYCHELLESTable 177. continuedYear
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SEYCHELLESThe Seychelles submitted
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SEYCHELLESotherwise take possession
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SINGAPOREPOPULATIONWhile both C. my
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SINGAPOREwithoul a licence.Import o
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SOLOMON ISLANDSManning Straits midw
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SOLOMON ISLANDSalso been a tendency
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SOMALIAPOPULATION :Chelonia mydasNe
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SOMALIAwork, five 20-m nets. Remora
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SOUTH AFRICABoth C. mydas and E. im
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SRILANKAPOPULATION :Chelonia mydasN
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SRILANKAHistorical trends Turtle ex
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SRILANKAhave ceased to nest on the
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STKITTS-NBVISTHREATSAccording to To
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ST LUCIAPOPULATION : Chelonia mydas
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STLUCIAA trader from St Lucia, Char
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ST VINCENT AND THE ST VINCENT GRENA
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SUDANPOPULATION :Chelonia mydaaTher
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SURINAMEPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNe
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SURINAHEBigisanti Beach except for
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SURINAMGTable 194. Estimates of the
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SURINAMEA proposal was prepared tuc
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TAIWANTable 196. Destinations of ex
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TANZANIAPOPULATION:Chelonla mydaaNe
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TANZANIAyear. Japanese Customs repo
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THAILANDPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNe
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THAILANDEXPLOITATIONCommodity The p
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THAILANDDomestic trade Turtle eggs
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THAILANDimposed for failure to comp
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TOKBLAUPOPULATION:Chalonla mydasNes
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TONGAPOPULATION :Chelonia mydasNest
Page 535 and 536:
TONGAInternational trade Tonga is n
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TRINIDAD AND TOBAGOother observatio
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TRINIDAD AND TOBAGOand up to TT$8.0
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TURKEYMigration In the absence of t
Page 543 and 544:
TURKS AND CAICOSISLANDSPOPULATION:C
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18-5TURKS AND CAICOSISLANDSturtles.
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TUVALUturtles seen at sea or on the
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USAPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNesting
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USAHunting intensity Since the liii
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mydasus PACIFIC ISLANDSJARVISISLAND
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us VIRGIN ISLANDSTrends in nesting
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VANUATUPOPULATION Little informatio
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VENEZUELAPOPULATION :Chelonia mydas
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VENEZUELAforaging in Venezuelan wat
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mydasVIET NAMPOPULATION: Chelonia m
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VIET NAMThe lurtlos grt-w to 12 ini
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WESTERN SAHARANo information availa
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WESTERN SAMOAEXPLOITATIONContimodit
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YEMEN, ARAB REPUBLICPOPULATIONFour
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YEMEN, PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
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mydasYEMEN, PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REP
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ZAIRENo recent information is avail
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Gonioz,ACKNOWLKDGKMEMTSS.W. Garland
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EarthlinesREFERENCESAnon. (I'JSJb).
Page 584 and 585:
ofREFERENCESBalnzB, G.H. (1985b). H
Page 586 and 587:
REFERENCESBrown, R.A., Harvey, G.C.
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iREFERENCESCliffLon, K., Cornejo, D
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REFERENCESFAO (1973). Report to the
Page 592 and 593:
REFERENCESGarnett, M.C. (1979?) The
Page 594 and 595:
REFERENCESHillstead, H.O., Richards
Page 596 and 597:
REFERENCESJenkins, R.W.G. (19/8). T
Page 598 and 599:
REFERENCESLeh, Charles M.U., Poon ,
Page 600 and 601:
REFERENCESMayL, K.ti. (1986). I'rol
Page 602 and 603:
REFERENCESMfosov::Ky, N. (1983). Co
Page 604 and 605:
REFERENCESPritchard, F.C.H. (1982a)
Page 606 and 607:
REFERENCESSchulz, J. P. (1984). Tuf
Page 608 and 609:
CentreREFERENCESUchida, I. (1980).
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