World Status, Exploitation and Trade - WIDECAST

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CUBATable 49. Catches of marine turtles in Cuban waters (in t) recorded inFAO fishery statistics. Before 1979, catches were only given to the nearest100 t, however more accurate figures for 1976-78 were obtained from Marquez(198Aa); " - " represents less than 100 t, but more than zero.Year
CUBAof 250 kg, 215 kg and 75 kg of E. imbricata shell in 1983, 1984 and 1985respectively.Japanese Customs statistics probably give the best indication of thequantities of tortoiseshell exported. These are shown in Table 50.The great majority of the imports were of bekko ( E. imbricata ) . There was amarked increase in the trade volume in 1968, there having been an annualaverage of 2108 kg in the ten years previous to that, and 5879 kg sincethen. This corresponds with the date at which the FAQ statistics startedrecording catches of E. imbricata (Table 49), though whether it indicatesthe onset of fishing for this species or merely the onset of systematiccollection of statistics is not known.Table 50. Imports of raw bekko and other tortoiseshell from Cuba reportedin Japanese Customs statistics (in kg). There were no imports reported in1951 or 1952.YearBekko.1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963299 231 749 1034 3131 3292 2825 1533Year 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975Bekko 1303 2054 3013 2146 6819 7632 5435 5946 5100 8100 6245 6100200 Other shell 000000000Year 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986Bekko 6975 3984 6600 3725 7338 2050 6933 5017 4200 7816 5688Other shell 10 750 225 950 460LEGISLATIONSince 1976, the Ministerio de la Pesqua has had the power to imposerestrictions on turtle capture (Gavilan and Andreu, 1983). Currentregulations include:A close season from 1 June to 31 August.A minimum size limit of 50 cm.A total ban on the collection of eggs, hatchlings and the destruction ofnestsDecreto Ley 103.All capture of turtles for recreational purposes is forbidden.A report by Greenpeace (USA) indicated that only fishermen working for statefisheries co-operatives were authorised to catch turtles (Anon., 1986a).RANCHING/HATCHERIESSince 1965, hatcheries and head-starting facilities have been established atCayo Boca Rica (Jardines de la Reina) , Cayo Largo del Sur (Canarreos), PlayaLarga (Isla de Juventud) , Cabo Corriente (Peninsula de Guahanacabibes)(Gavilan and Andreu, 1983).A more detailed description of the Cayo Largo hatchery was obtained in 1985(Anon., 1986a). Some eggs are collected from nearby nesting beaches andhatched in wooden containers; others are merely protected in situ with wire155
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A publication of the Secretariat of
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CONTEMTSSARAWAK 314WEST MALAYSIA 31
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INTRODUCTIONSUMMARY1. Recent invest
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INTRODUCTIONoutboard motors, nylon
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.INTRODUCTIONSCOPE AND METHODSThe p
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..INTRODUCTIONshown to deserve form
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INTRODUCTIONMARINE TURTLE BIOLOGY A
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...INTRODUCTIONExcept for the nesti
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INTRODUCTION5 000 C. mydas nested i
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INTRODUCTIONMigration and philopatr
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INTRODUCTIONBut harvesting is rarel
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..INTRODUCTIONIf the details of hom
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INTRODUCTIONrelatively large averag
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INTRODUCTIONMethods ofturtle exploi
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INTRODUCTIONextremely heavy harvest
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INTRODUCTIONmight otherwise have su
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INTRODUCTION"preservationists in th
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INTRODUCTIONAlthough in global term
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INTRODUCTIONVery large quantities o
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I u-> I I I I II l/^ I i CM i I >0
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INTRODUCTIONsuggested (e.g. Dodd ,
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INTRODOCTIOMone of the recorded cau
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INTRODUCTIONNote^: the "indication
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INTRODUCTIOMNevertheless, there is
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INTRODUCTIONbecause of over-exploit
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INTRODUCTIONConservation status and
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INTRODUCTIONTable 11, continued.Che
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INTRODUCTIONTable 11, continued.Che
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AMERICAN SAMOAPOPULATION:Chelonia m
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ANGOLAPOPULATION:Chelonla mydasNest
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ANGUILLAPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNe
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ANGUILLALEGISLATIONTurtle Ordinance
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ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA(1978, cited in
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ARUBAPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNesti
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ASCENSION AND ST HELENAForaging sit
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AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA:QUEENSLANDPOPULA
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AUSTEtALIAEXPLOITATIONThe main spec
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AUSTEUI.IADomestic trade Commercial
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VsAUSTRALIAArchipelago, all off the
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AUSTRALIALEGISLATIONWildlife Conser
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BAHAMASPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNes
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BAHAMASTable 18. Green Turtle and H
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BAHRAINGreen Turtles are reported t
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BANGLADESHCITES Annual Reports cont
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BARBADOSRANCHING/ HATCHERIESAn expe
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BELIZEForaging sites Whilst nesting
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BELIZEWildlife Protection Act 1981
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BERMUDAPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNes
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BRAZILPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNest
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BRAZILPara are said to catch 0.2-0.
Page 111 and 112: BRAZILPortaria No. N-005, 31 Januar
Page 113 and 114: BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORIESFor
Page 115 and 116: BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDSPOPULATION:Ch
Page 117 and 118: BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDSEXPLOITATIONC
Page 119 and 120: BRUNEIPOPULATIONAccording to Harris
Page 121 and 122: BURMAegg collection, now support mi
Page 123 and 124: BURMATable 30. Marine turtle eggs c
Page 125 and 126: BURMADomestic trade Most of the egg
Page 127 and 128: CANARY ISLANDS(SPAIN)There is only
Page 129 and 130: CAYMAN ISLANDSPOPULATIONThe breedin
Page 131 and 132: CAYMAN ISLANDSTable 33. Direct expo
Page 133 and 134: CAYMAN ISLANDSTable 36. Imports of
Page 135 and 136: CAYMAN ISLANDS(E.G. Roet in litt. t
Page 137 and 138: CAYMAN ISLANDSThe Marine Conservati
Page 139 and 140: CHINA,PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OFPOPULATIO
Page 141 and 142: CHINA,PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OFHistorica
Page 143 and 144: COLOMBIACOLOMBIA:CASIBBBANPOPULATIO
Page 145 and 146: COLOMBIAEXPLOITATIONComnodity Green
Page 147 and 148: COLOMBIAconcerning permits for hunt
Page 149 and 150: COMORO ISLANDSJune. The peak appear
Page 151 and 152: CONGONo recent information is avail
Page 153 and 154: COOK ISLANDSPalmerston. About 50 tu
Page 155 and 156: COSTA RICATrends in nesting numbers
Page 157 and 158: COSTA RICATHREATSExploitation of tu
Page 159 and 160: COSTA RICACOSTA RICA:PACIFICPOPULAT
Page 161: CUBAPOPULATION: Chelonia mydas . Kr
Page 165 and 166: CYPRUSPOPULATION :Chelonia mydasNes
Page 167 and 168: CYPRUSLEGISLATIONFisheries Regulati
Page 169 and 170: IXMnNICAPOPULATION:Chalonla mydasNe
Page 171 and 172: DOMINICALEGISLATIONTurtle Ordinance
Page 173 and 174: DOMINICAN REPUBLICTable 52. Estimat
Page 175 and 176: DOMINICAN REPUBLICTable S3. Officia
Page 177 and 178: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC"commercial". Thi
Page 179 and 180: ECUADORTHREATSNo information locate
Page 181 and 182: ECUADORHurtado notes some movement
Page 183 and 184: EGYPTEGYPT:MEDITERRANEANPOPULATIONA
Page 185 and 186: EGYPTcurios, but not, apparently, i
Page 187 and 188: EQUATORIAL GUINEAEQUATORIAL GUINEA:
Page 189 and 190: ETHIOPIAPOPULATION: Chelonia mydaa
Page 191 and 192: FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIAwere
Page 193 and 194: FIJIPOPULATIOK :Chelonia mydasNesti
Page 195 and 196: FIJIThere is little qualitative inf
Page 198 and 199: ~H01 «1-1 3^ >Lie0)iH« 2O VI-U g
Page 200 and 201: FRENCH GUIANAPOPULATION:Chelonla my
Page 202 and 203: FRENCH GUIANAArrete Prefectoral No.
Page 204 and 205: FRENCH POLYNESIATable 66. Total tra
Page 206 and 207: FRENCH POLYNESIAshow exports of 425
Page 208 and 209: GAMBIANo information is available o
Page 210 and 211: GRENADA AND THE GRENADIAN GRENADINE
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GRENADA AND THE GRENADIAN GRENADINE
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GUADELOUPE AND DEPENDENCIESNesting
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GUAMPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNestin
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GUATEMALAGUATEMALA:CARIBBEANPOPULAT
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GUATEMALAEXPLOITATIONCommodity Corn
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GUINEA BISSAUNo information availab
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GUYANATHREATSReichart et al (198A)
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HAITIin view of the quantity of tor
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1973
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HAWAIITable
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HONDURASHONDURAS:CARIBBEANPOPULATIO
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HONDURASDomestic trade Green Turtle
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HONDURASestablishes closed seasons,
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HONG KONGTable 75. Sources of impor
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INDIANesting numbers Nesting number
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INDIATable 77. Domestic exports of
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INDIAEXPLOITATIONConmodlty Both C.
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INDIAThe Andamans E. imbricata popu
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INDONESIAPangumbahan (SW Java),beac
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. SulawesiINDONESIATable 81continue
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1INDONESIAharvests are low in the b
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INDONESIAlaid at Pangumbahan. Schul
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mydasINDONESIALemukutanAlthough Sal
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INDONESIATable 88. Known E^ jmbrira
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INDONESIAparts of Riau and in Sulaw
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INDONESIAP. Pesambung, and perhaps
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INDONESIAThe harvest of adult E. im
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1INDONESIAjewellery. Most of the to
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INDONESIAEven allowing for the fact
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INDONESIAJavaHawksbill rearing oper
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0000n00CM0001c o c-P00O03LiOaSILio
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INDONESIATable 97. Percentage by we
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IRANfresh; it seems lilcely that a
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ISRAELPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNest
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iIVORY COASTNo information availabl
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JAMAICAHunting intensity Official S
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JAPANPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNesti
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JAPANHunting methods Host of the tu
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I nIIII c^I u^f^ I i ^I o»—II r^
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I I lO I I I I< I I I10I I I I II I
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KAMPUCHEAAccording to Bourret (1941
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KENYAPOPULAT I ON :Chelonia mydasNe
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KENYAto Japan in 1976, 1977 and 197
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KIRIBATILine and Gilbert groups; Ba
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KIRIBATIcatching 200-300 Green turt
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KOREA,REPUBLIC OFTable 111. Destina
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LIBERIASome nesting by C. mydas has
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MADAGASCARevidence, Europa must mak
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. mydasMADAGASCARTable 112.Madagasc
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MADAGASCARTable llA. Imports of raw
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MALAYSIAMALAYSIA:SABAHPOPULATIOK :C
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MALAYSIA1983 bearing a Philippines
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MALAYSIAlogarithmically transformed
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MALAYSIACustoms (Prohibition of Imp
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MALAYSIATable 122. Reported egg pro
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MALAYSIAThe only period when signif
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MALAYSIAWEST MALAYSIAPOPULATION:Che
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MALAYSIAinterpreting yield data fro
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MALAYSIAand 1978 there was a substa
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MALAYSIATable 131. International tr
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MALAYSIAA fifth hatchery was starte
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MALDIVESNesting season Didi (1983)
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MALDIVESthe 15 000 tourists were es
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MARSHALL ISLANDS.REPUBLIC OFPOPULAT
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HAHTINIQUEPOPULATION :Chelonia myda
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MARTINIQUEDomingue" (Dominican Repu
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MAURITANIAHunting methods Turtles a
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MAURITIUS AND DEPENDENCIESTable 138
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MAURITIUS AND DEPENDENCIESTable 139
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MAYOTTKPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNes
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MAYOTTK1987) recorded A2 shells fro
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MEXICOTable 141. Nest sites and est
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MEXICOTable 1A2. Nest sites and est
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MEXICOCampeche As noted above, Camp
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MEXICOno production at all was reco
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MEXICONesting season Nesting season
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MEXICOUntil the 1950s tortoiseshell
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MEXICO( Chelonia mydas or perhaps E
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MEXICOfigures, and based on an offi
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AtMEXICOalthough Alvarado and Figue
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MEXICOorigin Cayman Islands to Hong
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HONTSERE(ATDomestic trade Jeffers a
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MOZAMBIQUESingar and Mefunvo, near
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NAMIBIAWhile C. mydas is known to e
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NETHERLANDS ANTILLESNETHERLANDS ANT
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NETHERLANDS ANTILLESNETHERLANDS ANT
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NETHERLANDS ANTILLESSt Maarten: Spe
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NEW CALEDONIAPOPULATION:Chelonia my
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NEW CALEDONIAHunting methods Some t
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NICARAGUANICARAGUA:CARIBBEANPOPULAT
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NICASAGUAwages. Nietschmann (1981)
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NICARAGUAThe figures for 1980-82 ac
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NIGERIANo information available. Bo
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NORTHERN MARIANAS,COMMONWEALTH OFPO
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OMANalthough the species compositio
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OMANHistorical trends There is no d
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PAKISTANTable 153. Nesting emergenc
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PAKISTANbakeries who used them in b
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PALAU REPUBLICPOPULATION :Chelonia
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PALAU REPUBLICHunting methods Palau
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PANAMAPANAMA:CARIBBEANPOPULATION:Ch
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PANAMATable 155. Exports of tortols
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PANAMAEXPLOITATIONAccording to Corn
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PAPUA NEW GUINEAfrom West Sepik. Pr
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PAPUA NEW GUINEAinvolves many taboo
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PERUGreen Turtles have never been p
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PHILIPPINESPOPULATION:Chelonia myda
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PHILIPPINESambiguous. Reyes ( in li
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PHILIPPINESHunting intensity In spi
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PHILIPPINESStuffing industry in Zam
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PHILIPPINESTable 166. Imports of "T
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PHILIPPINESThe remaining 60% may be
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PUERTO RICOPOPULATION :Chelonla myd
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PUERTO RICOLEGISLATIONReglajnento D
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REUKION AND ILESBPARSESREUNIONReuni
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REUNION AND ILESEPARSESTable 169. H
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REUNION AND ILESEPARSESTable 169, a
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REUNION AND ILESEPARSESLe Gall et a
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REUNION AND ILBS EPARSBScatch. This
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REUNION AND ILESEPARSESthe surface
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SAO TOME AND PRINCIPEVirtually no r
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SAUDI ARABIANesting numbers No deta
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SAUDI ARABIAMigration No specific i
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ISENEGALPOPULAT I ON :Chelonia myda
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SEYCHELLESPOPULATION:Chelonia mydas
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SEYCHELLESwould thus have included
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SEYCHELLESaround Lhe Mozambiqup Cha
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SEYCHELLESTable 176. continuedFrazi
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SEYCHELLESmeat could have been eate
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SEYCHELLESTable 177. continuedYear
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SEYCHELLESThe Seychelles submitted
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SEYCHELLESotherwise take possession
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SINGAPOREPOPULATIONWhile both C. my
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SINGAPOREwithoul a licence.Import o
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SOLOMON ISLANDSManning Straits midw
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SOLOMON ISLANDSalso been a tendency
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SOMALIAPOPULATION :Chelonia mydasNe
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SOMALIAwork, five 20-m nets. Remora
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SOUTH AFRICABoth C. mydas and E. im
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SRILANKAPOPULATION :Chelonia mydasN
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SRILANKAHistorical trends Turtle ex
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SRILANKAhave ceased to nest on the
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STKITTS-NBVISTHREATSAccording to To
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ST LUCIAPOPULATION : Chelonia mydas
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STLUCIAA trader from St Lucia, Char
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ST VINCENT AND THE ST VINCENT GRENA
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SUDANPOPULATION :Chelonia mydaaTher
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SURINAMEPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNe
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SURINAHEBigisanti Beach except for
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SURINAMGTable 194. Estimates of the
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SURINAMEA proposal was prepared tuc
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TAIWANTable 196. Destinations of ex
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TANZANIAPOPULATION:Chelonla mydaaNe
Page 521 and 522:
TANZANIAyear. Japanese Customs repo
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THAILANDPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNe
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THAILANDEXPLOITATIONCommodity The p
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THAILANDDomestic trade Turtle eggs
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THAILANDimposed for failure to comp
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TOKBLAUPOPULATION:Chalonla mydasNes
Page 533 and 534:
TONGAPOPULATION :Chelonia mydasNest
Page 535 and 536:
TONGAInternational trade Tonga is n
Page 537 and 538:
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGOother observatio
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TRINIDAD AND TOBAGOand up to TT$8.0
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TURKEYMigration In the absence of t
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TURKS AND CAICOSISLANDSPOPULATION:C
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18-5TURKS AND CAICOSISLANDSturtles.
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TUVALUturtles seen at sea or on the
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USAPOPULATION:Chelonia mydasNesting
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USAHunting intensity Since the liii
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mydasus PACIFIC ISLANDSJARVISISLAND
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us VIRGIN ISLANDSTrends in nesting
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VANUATUPOPULATION Little informatio
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VENEZUELAPOPULATION :Chelonia mydas
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VENEZUELAforaging in Venezuelan wat
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mydasVIET NAMPOPULATION: Chelonia m
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VIET NAMThe lurtlos grt-w to 12 ini
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WESTERN SAHARANo information availa
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WESTERN SAMOAEXPLOITATIONContimodit
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YEMEN, ARAB REPUBLICPOPULATIONFour
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YEMEN, PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
Page 575 and 576:
mydasYEMEN, PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REP
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ZAIRENo recent information is avail
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Gonioz,ACKNOWLKDGKMEMTSS.W. Garland
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EarthlinesREFERENCESAnon. (I'JSJb).
Page 584 and 585:
ofREFERENCESBalnzB, G.H. (1985b). H
Page 586 and 587:
REFERENCESBrown, R.A., Harvey, G.C.
Page 588 and 589:
iREFERENCESCliffLon, K., Cornejo, D
Page 590 and 591:
REFERENCESFAO (1973). Report to the
Page 592 and 593:
REFERENCESGarnett, M.C. (1979?) The
Page 594 and 595:
REFERENCESHillstead, H.O., Richards
Page 596 and 597:
REFERENCESJenkins, R.W.G. (19/8). T
Page 598 and 599:
REFERENCESLeh, Charles M.U., Poon ,
Page 600 and 601:
REFERENCESMayL, K.ti. (1986). I'rol
Page 602 and 603:
REFERENCESMfosov::Ky, N. (1983). Co
Page 604 and 605:
REFERENCESPritchard, F.C.H. (1982a)
Page 606 and 607:
REFERENCESSchulz, J. P. (1984). Tuf
Page 608 and 609:
CentreREFERENCESUchida, I. (1980).
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