World Status, Exploitation and Trade - WIDECAST

INDONESIABaliA pilot project to rear C. mydas was initiated by PHPA in 1981 under thetitle of "Bali Green Turtle Breeding Project". Eggs were obtained fromPangumbahan in Java, and the hatching percentage rose from 4.6% in 1981 to82% in 1985. A total of 8669 turtles were hatched between 1981 and 1985(Atmosoedirdjo , 1986). Some were released to the sea and about 1000 wereused in breeding experiments (Schulz, 1984). The operation was terminatedin 1985 (Schulz, 1987)A private company ( PT Bulcit Vihara Mas) was granted a licence to purchaseeggs from Pangumbahan, and 4900 were obtained in 1986. Some of thehatchlings were released into the sea, while the remainder were distributedto villagers around Serangan for on-growing. It was intended to repurchasethe young turtles after 6-12 months and to rear them in a pond connected tothe sea (Schulz, 1987). Limpus (1986) reported that over 100 families eachreceived five hatchlings which they reared in very unsatisfactory conditions.A further research project is carried out at Gondol, on the north coast,also using eggs from Pangumbahan (Schulz, 1987).SouthSulawesiA ranch was operated by C.V. Sentosa at Buntolu, 30 km south of UjungPandang. It comprised a large fenced-off area of sea and contained 200large C. mydas and 20 E. imbricata in 1984 (Schulz, 1984). The ranch closedin 1985 (Schulz, 1987)C.V. Sanida started a large ranch in 1984 on P. Penambungan. Eggs arecollected locally and the hatchlings are farmed out to a number of villagerson the surrounding islands for about six months, after which they arerepurchased and reared in a large enclosure. The total stock, amounted toabout 3000 hatchling E. imbricata in March 1987 (Schulz, 1987).A large number of local fishermen rear juvenile Hawksbills on islands aroundSouthern Sulawesi (like P. Balang Lompo, P. Balangtjadi, P. Sanane and otherislands of the Spermonde archipelago, and on P. Kalu-Kalukuang, K. Sabalana,K. Tengah) . Eggs are collected locally and the hatchlings are reared inplastic and wooden basins until they are large enough to sell in Paotere forstuffing (Anon., 1984d; Schulz, 1984). One "relatively large-scale"operator on P. Balang Lompo was said to have 300 hatchlings (Anon., 1984d)This "cottage industry" was still operating in 1987 (Schulz, 1987).SumatraC.V. Bintang Sakti received a permit to start a Hawksbill ranch on P. Telo,near Nias Island in 1985. The permit stipulates that 10% of the hatchlingsbe liberated. In October 1986 a total of 420 5-month Hawksbills and 72012-month Hawksbills were kept in two 25-sq. m tanks. They are reared forabout a year to a size of 30-35 cm after which they are sold for stuffing(Schulz, 1987).BillitonIslandsA cottage industry of rearing Hawksbills for sale in Singapore was operatingat P. Kalimambang and Tanjung Rusa in 1980, but this activity wasterminated "a few years ago" (Schulz, 1987).261