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31. Mark A. Stokes, Revolutionizing Taiwan’s Security: Leveraging C4ISR for Traditional and Non-Traditional Challenges, Arlington, VA: Project 2049 Institute, February 19, 2010, available from www. project2049.net/documents/revolutionizing_taiwans_security_leveraging_c4isr_for_traditional_and_non_traditional_challenges.pdf. 32. Ibid. 33. Ibid. 34. Chinese Quadrennial Defense Review 2013, p. 53. 35. “Size of Taiwan’s Armed Forces to Be Cut Further,” Focus Taiwan, January 20, 2014, available from www.freesun.be/news/ index.php/size-of-taiwans-armed-forces-to-be-cut-further/. 36. Shang-su Wu, “Taiwan’s All-Volunteer Military,” The Diplomat, December 25, 2013, available from thediplomat.com/2013/12/ taiwans-all-volunteer-military/. 37. Joseph Yeh, “MND Postpones Full Voluntary System to 2017,” China Post, September 13, 2013, available from www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2013/09/13/388793/ MND-postpones.htm. 38. Cindy Sui, “Can Taiwan’s Military Become a Voluntary Force?” BBC News, December 30, 2013, available from www.bbc. co.uk/news/world-asia-25085323. 39. Joachim Hofbauer, Priscilla Hermann, and Sneha Raghavan, Asian Defense Spending, 2000–2011, Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, Defense-Industrial Initiatives Group, October 2012, available from csis.org/files/ publication/121005_Berteau_AsianDefenseSpending_Web.pdf. 40. Office of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2013, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Defense, May 7, 2013, available from www.defense.gov/pubs/2013_ china_report_final.pdf. 228
41. Once the transition is completed, there will continue to be universal training for young men of service age, but that training will last only 4 months. Beyond that, MND plans to provide 5 to 7 days of reserve force training twice yearly. 42. Chinese Quadrennial Defense Review 2013, p. 34. 43. William Murray, “Revisiting Taiwan’s Defense Strategy,” Naval War College Review, Vol. 61, No. 3, Summer 2008, available from www.usnwc.edu/getattachment/Research---Gaming/China- Maritime-Studies-Institute/Published-Articles/Murray-NWCR- Summer08WEB1.pdf. 229
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GARY J. SCHMITT EDITOR UNITED STATE
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STRATEGIC STUDIES INSTITUTE The Str
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***** Comments pertaining to this r
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9. Taiwanese Hard Power: Between a
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United States. It no longer retains
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the main action in Iraq from 2003 t
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fort to provide an accurate, well-r
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However, Italy remains one of the w
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Source: Data derived from Internati
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Under new austerity measures, Italy
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and even missiles for its planes. I
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Indeed, at the turn of the century,
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not been reversed, and, as predicte
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force, especially in the cases of I
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On the ground, Italy’s contributi
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But in an area nearly half the size
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eliminated military overhead and th
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the next half-decade. Although new
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how it will involve the country in
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6. The last white paper was publish
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21. For an overview of Italy’s mi
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CHAPTER 3 AUSTRALIAN DEFENSE IN THE
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the following decade. 2 It outlined
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ument’s strong association with R
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The second prominent theme of the 2
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Source: “The Cost of Defense: ASP
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• Acquiring P-8 Poseidon maritime
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e until 2016 that all of the submar
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Canberra will remain acutely sensit
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a range of over 200 nautical miles.
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ADF needs to be postured to support
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Southeast Asia, and enhanced access
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Assuming that the base of support f
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defense cuts and predicted revenue
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5. WikiLeaks cables subsequently re
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Appropriations Specified by Outcome
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48. Defence White Paper 2013, pp. 4
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CHAPTER 4 THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY
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cially with respect to blue-water o
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permitted relatively rapid degradat
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necessary to equip them, in additio
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Sources: International Institute fo
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sion frigate (FREMM) program. (At o
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Chief of Staff of the Navy Vice Adm
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With a moderately rising defense bu
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fleet size. Insufficient funds in 2
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Sources: International Institute fo
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The desire to maintain a balanced f
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Presse, August 4, 2011, available f
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16. Nicholas Watt, “Next Generati
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147. See also, “Chapter Four: Eur
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CHAPTER 5 GERMAN HARD POWER: IS THE
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Every German security policy expert
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4 years. In relation to its overall
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crisis, starting in 2008, did not h
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System Current or orginally planned
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In assessing this strategy and its
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odds with de Maizière’s plea to
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Second, the development of German h
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efrain from engaging the enemy. In
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most observers applaud this bold co
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do so, the government would need th
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13. For a critique of the “missin
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CHAPTER 6 SOUTH KOREA: RESPONDING T
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INITIATIVES AGAINST THE NORTH KOREA
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has been equipped with the best mar
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sile 6 (SM-6) for low-altitude defe
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The accord governing South Korean p
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BUDGETS AND ACQUISITIONS: PAYING FO
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the ministry submitted a request to
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was both premature and dangerous to
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In June 2010, Presidents Lee and Ba
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Although many details still needed
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in production the U.S. and South Ko
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April 7, 2013, available from www.n
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21. Karen Parrish, “Leaving Asia,
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www/news/nation/2009/04/113_42785.h
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51. Hwang Sung-hee, “Korea, U.S.
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essential to Poland’s security, t
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gross domestic product (GDP) on def
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whenever possible, there will be co
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Source: Ministry of National Defenc
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Air and missile defenses (AMD), how
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MSBS 5.56 program to develop a new
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eration among the Nordic, Baltic, a
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and EU membership for Poland’s se
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will rely on the United States to f
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The government seems aware of the r
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5. In 2011, Poland’s GDP grew 4.5
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20. If true, the deployment of Iska
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would not face greater budget reduc
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damental transformation of the Fren
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Page 192 and 193: STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE FRE
Page 194 and 195: able. According to the 2013 white p
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Page 211 and 212: CHAPTER 9 TAIWANESE HARD POWER: BET
Page 213 and 214: DEFENSE BUDGET TRENDS While Beijing
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Page 217 and 218: The Ma Ying-jeou administration lik
Page 219 and 220: For example, the MND claims it will
Page 221 and 222: Even so, the QDR describes a force
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Page 225 and 226: Source: The Looming Taiwan Fighter
Page 227 and 228: striking PLA targets and by bringin
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Page 231 and 232: “All-out defense” includes an e
Page 233 and 234: Rather than trying to destroy incom
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Page 246 and 247: deployed. In France, for instance,
Page 248 and 249: WHAT EQUIPMENT FOR WHICH OPERATIONS
Page 250 and 251: obtaining equipment they would othe
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Page 254 and 255: Field Manual 3-24 Counterinsurgency
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Page 258 and 259: of joint air-land operations. They
Page 260 and 261: 6. Ben Barry, “The Age of Gloom?
Page 262 and 263: 18. Patrycja Bukalska, “The Polis
Page 264 and 265: 31. Stephen Gilbert, “Improving t
Page 267 and 268: CHAPTER 11 UNITED KINGDOM HARD POWE
Page 269 and 270: sions), its airspace, and its terri
Page 271 and 272: This is not to suggest that discuss
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Page 277 and 278: Thus, if a smaller force with bette
Page 279 and 280: In 2000, the UK mounted two joint o
Page 281 and 282: 1998: SDR. The July 1998 SDR marked
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Page 285 and 286: Defence White Paper continued, “W
Page 287 and 288: These eight tasks capture the wide-
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no passing craze: it outlasted the
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Strategic ambivalence is a national
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As the basis for national strategy,
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14. Strategic Defence Review, Londo
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CHAPTER 12 POOLING AND SHARING: THE
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such arrangements existed before th
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non-NATO countries and that has an
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An important ongoing program area f
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arrangements typically involve nati
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testing facilities, defense researc
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In addition, nations working togeth
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ilities, in military doctrines, in
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informing allies or NATO. Thus, und
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also facilitate industry involvemen
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cessfully managed without underlyin
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ment,” January 24, 2007, availabl
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18. See “Netherlands, Belgium and
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30. It should be kept in mind that
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Understanding how Japanese policyma
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Indeed, Prime Minister Abe can look
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with Japan occurs.” 7 However, in
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JAPAN’S NEIGHBORHOOD GETS ROUGHER
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China has taken actions that can be
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THE DYNAMIC JOINT DEFENSE FORCE Chi
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ticularly important functions and c
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2010, Tokyo announced its plan to i
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Japan is also developing its own st
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It is worth noting that these moder
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to Amami Ōshima, which is near the
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In 2009, the subcommittee of the de
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society have intensified competitio
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STRATEGY—RESOURCE MISMATCH? Beyon
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nese interests in other parts of th
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WILL JAPAN RISE TO THE CHALLENGE? C
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11. Kosuke Takahashi and James Hard
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34. Prime Minister’s Cabinet and
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can capabilities necessarily lead o
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NATO has streamlined and concentrat
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still fly older but very capable ai
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Mihail Kogălniceanu Air Base as th
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interceptors and sensors, hosting a
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NATO nations continue decreasing de
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The UK and Italy provided remotely
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National Caveats. Once NATO becomes
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in Operation UNIFIED PROTECTOR in 2
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Airpower is the most rapid response
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at long ranges and with heavy preci
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in air operations and challenged NA
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ENDNOTES - CHAPTER 14 1. This chapt
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from www.theguardian.com/world/2014
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41. Joint Air Power Competence Cent
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ANDREW A. MICHTA is the M. W. Buckm
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of Key U.S. Allies and Security Par
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