ANNUAL REPORT

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366 $67.2 billion, comprising 25.4 percent of Taiwan’s exports to the world. 73 Year-on-year, Taiwan’s exports to China shrank by 13.2 percent and its trade surplus with China decreased by 21.5 percent in 2015 (see Figure 2). 74 Taiwan’s exports to China were dominated by semiconductor-related and liquid crystal display-related products in 2015. 75 These products composed all of Taiwan’s top five exports to China and more than a quarter of the value of Taiwan’s total exports to China (see Figure 3). 76 Taiwan’s exports of these top five products to China decreased by 17.8 percent in 2015. 77 Figure 2: Taiwan’s Trade with China and the United States, 2002–2015 Source: Taiwan’s Bureau of Foreign Trade, ‘‘Trade Statistics.’’ http://cus93.trade.gov.tw/ ENGLISH/FSCE/. dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with USCC Taiwan’s imports from China in 2015 were $44.2 billion, comprising 19.4 percent of its total imports. 78 Despite imports from China decreasing by 8 percent, China remained Taiwan’s largest source of imports. 79 Just as semiconductor-related products were among Taiwan’s top exports to China, they also were among Taiwan’s main imports from China. 80 (Taiwan firms generally design and manufacture unfinished microchips and other semiconductorrelated products in Taiwan for assembly and testing in China; China then typically exports the finished products back to Taiwan.) 81 Taiwan’s other major imports from China included cellular phones and computers and computer parts and accessories. 82 Despite the overall decrease in imports, imports of cellular phones increased by 37.6 percent and imports of wafers for microchips increased by 10.2 percent. 83 Both cellular phones and wafers for microchips were among Taiwan’s top five imports from China (see Figure 4). 84 Imports of the other top five products all decreased, with microchips decreasing by 14.3 percent, computer parts and accessories decreasing by 7.1 percent, and computers decreasing by 15.8 percent. 85 VerDate Sep 11 2014 14:49 Nov 01, 2016 Jkt 020587 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 G:\GSDD\USCC\2016\FINAL\09_C3_M.XXX 09_C3_M C3S2Fig2.eps
367 Figure 3: Taiwan’s Top Five Exports to China, 2015 Source: Taiwan’s Bureau of Foreign Trade, ‘‘Trade Statistics.’’ http://cus93.trade.gov.tw/ ENGLISH/FSCE/. Figure 4: Taiwan’s Top Five Imports from China, 2015 Source: Taiwan’s Bureau of Foreign Trade, ‘‘Trade Statistics.’’ http://cus93.trade.gov.tw/ ENGLISH/FSCE/. dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with USCC VerDate Sep 11 2014 14:49 Nov 01, 2016 Jkt 020587 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6601 G:\GSDD\USCC\2016\FINAL\09_C3_M.XXX 09_C3_M C3S2Fig3.eps C3S2Fig4.eps
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USCC 2016 ANNUAL REPORT
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1 2016 REPORT TO CONGRESS of the U.
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U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY RE
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• The safety of food, drug, and o
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CONTENTS Page TRANSMITTAL LETTER TO
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IX Page Recommendations ...........
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2 ernment’s “going out” strat
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4 economically and politically stra
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6 wage rates are determined by free
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8 while allowing a greater role for
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10 began construction on its first
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12 from—the People’s Republic o
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14 cluding cyber and human intellig
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16 exporter of manufactured goods,
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18 Pakistan’s economic and securi
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20 Beijing appears to remain skepti
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22 trends in Hong Kong with regard
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24 UNSCR 2270. However, in May and
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26 Korea, designating Dandong Hongx
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28 tional order—both before and a
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30 to examine China’s economic an
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32 debt, and jeopardizing long-term
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Introduction CHAPTER 1 U.S.-CHINA E
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37 Statistics with Chinese Characte
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39 up from 52.3 percent in the seco
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41 Early signs suggest President Xi
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43 Figure 4: China’s Total Debt b
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45 reserves to defend the RMB. 75 I
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47 The pace of U.S. export growth t
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49 The United States continued to r
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51 commitments, China has only take
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53 Table 3: Top Five Business Chall
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55 U.S. Tech Firms and Their Chines
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57 ment of Justice’s May 2014 ind
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59 Internet Censorship As a result
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61 on the future of U.S.-China rela
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63 Chapter 1, Section 2, “State-O
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65 Table 5: Failed Chinese Bids for
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67 • Accelerating Bilateral Inves
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69 cess capacity, which will share
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71 United States Challenges Chinese
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73 rulings of the DSB [Dispute Sett
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75 Conclusions • In 2015, the U.S
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77 Addendum I: WTO Cases Recent and
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79 ENDNOTES FOR SECTION 1 1. Lucy H
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81 55. Gabriel Wildau and Don Weinl
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83 119. American Chamber of Commerc
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85 and Espionage Operations, oral t
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87 217. Kane Wu, “Chinese Compani
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89 271. Office of the U.S. Trade Re
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93 Lardy, senior fellow at the Pete
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99 pany competitiveness and stimula
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105 Table 2: Select Chinese Overcap
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107 levels. 135 The situation is on
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109 Figure 5: China’s Monthly Cru
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111 Figure 6: U.S. Steel Industry Q
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123 Addendum I: Section 15 of China
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125 Addendum II: AD and CVD Investi
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141 dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with
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143 lifetime cost of bringing the e
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145 gets achieved). 57 Using satell
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147 cost of compliance,’’ and p
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151 boost the efficiency of China
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Table 1: 157 Chinese Attempted and
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Table 1: 159 Chinese Attempted and
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163 Figure 4: China’s Total Debt-
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173 weapons, opens the U.S. militar
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175 ests, and allow for greater vol
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177 Addendum I: Key Targets in Chin
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179 Addendum I: Key Targets in Chin
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195 The ultimate impact of the ruli
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197 Environmental Impact of China
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201 China’s Maritime Disputes in
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203 Reform and Reorganization of th
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207 • PLA Army Headquarters: Chin
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211 Figure 5: Type 072A Tank Landin
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215 Figure 7: JL-2 Missile Range Co
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221 Space-Tracking Facility in Arge
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223 Table 1: Significant PLA Bilate
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227 Nigeria will be the first expor
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231 tional annexes to the 2014 Noti
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233 Select U.S.-China Security-Rela
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257 China’s Core Interests—Cont
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259 guerrillas in Colombia and held
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271 stan. 109 In 2014, the PLA Air
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275 conflict Chinese expeditionary
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279 RECOMMENDATIONS Developments in
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SECTION 3: CHINESE INTELLIGENCE SER
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291 Strategic Support Force In Dece
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293 of advanced intelligence, surve
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295 tives, and sexual entrapment. 4
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297 information to a Chinese intell
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299 such as power transmission grid
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301 for transferring trade secrets
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303 nal U.S. discussions of issues
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305 ENDNOTES FOR SECTION 3 1. U.S.-
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307 29. U.S. Department of Justice,
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309 63. U.S. Department of Justice,
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311 106. Eric Holder, “Attorney G
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314 sure its own ambitions in South
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Page 332 and 333: 318 • Pakistan: In 2015, China an
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Page 356 and 357: 342 Facets of U.S.-India Defense Re
Page 358 and 359: 344 of China, but has advocated for
Page 360 and 361: 346 • Recent U.S.-China tensions
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418 Chinese Censorship of Prize-Win
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420 Hong Kong and the ‘‘Panama
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424 Table 1: Select PLA Hong Kong G
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428 sitive periods in Hong Kong, le
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436 150. Commission meeting with Ta
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442 Korea. The resolution also bans
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444 increase pressure on Pyongyang.
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446 pand China-South Korea ties. 54
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448 Technical Details of THAAD The
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456 Korea runs perpetual merchandis
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460 pressure is more likely to brin
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462 ty for sanctions violations, co
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479 sailors would be stationed in J
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485 Table 1: U.S. Goods Trade with
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489 basis for President Obama’s c
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APPENDIX II BACKGROUND OF COMMISSIO
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APPENDIX III PUBLIC HEARINGS OF THE
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537 June 9, 2016: Public Hearing on
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APPENDIX IIIA LIST OF WITNESSES TES
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541 Alphabetical Listing of Panelis
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APPENDIX IV LIST OF RESEARCH MATERI
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547 China’s Military Agreements w
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APPENDIX V ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIO
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551 OPM PBOC PLA PMI PPI PPP PRC QD
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553 2016 COMMISSION STAFF MICHAEL R
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