XII - 12th International Symposium - Digestive Physiology of Pigs

Digestive
Physiology
of Pigs
Key words: phytase, phosphorus digestibility, piglets
1094 effects of a new 6-phytase on the apparent ileal
digestibility of minerals and amino acids in ileo-rectal
anastomozed pigs fed on a corn-soybean meal-barley
diet. P. Guggenbuhl* 1 , Y. Wache 1 , C. Simoes Nunes 1 , and
F. Fru 2 , 1 DSM Nutritional Products France, Research Centre
of Animal Nutrition and Health, 68305 Saint-Louis, France,
2 DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., 4202 Basel, Switzerland.
Phosphorus (P) of plant-based feedstuffs for monogastric
animals is mainly in the form of phytic-P, which has
a very low bioavailability. The non-absorbed phytic-P
may contribute to P pollution. Furthermore, phytic-P
may reduce the bioavailability of other minerals, inhibit
digestive endogenous enzymes activity, or reduce protein
digestibility. The study evaluated the effects of the microbial
6-phytase Ronozyme ® HiPhos (M) on the apparent ileal
digestibility of total P, phytates, calcium (Ca), total nitrogen
(N), energy, and amino acids (aa) in 6 60-d old ileo-rectal
anastomozed pigs. Following a double Latin square design,
pigs had free access to alternatively a corn-soybean mealbarley
based diet or this diet supplemented either with 500
U/kg (R500) or 1000 U/kg (R1000). All the responses were
dose-dependent. Pigs receiving the diet supplemented with
R500 and R1000 increased (P < 0.05) the digestibility of P
by 98 and 120%, of Ca by 19 and 20%, of Asp+Asn by 4.3
and 7.9% and that of Lys by 5.0 and 7.3%, respectively.
Pigs receiving diet R1000 presented an improvement (P <
0.05) in the digestibility of total N by 5.1%, total AA by 4.1%,
essential AA by 4.3%, Glu+Gln by 4.0%, His by 5.6%, Gly
by 11.1%, Ala by 8.2%, Tyr by 5.6%, Leu by 4.5%, Phe by
5.6%, Met by 5.2% and also zinc by 63% and magnesium
by 64%. Similar to performance trials with increased fecal
digestibility of P and Ca, phytase increased apparent ileal
digestibility of these essential minerals and phytates. The
new 6-phytase increased the digestibility of N and essential
AA indicating a better availability of plant-based protein.
Key words: phytase, apparent ileal nutrient digestibility,
ileo-rectal anastomozed pigs
1095 Bioavailability of zinc from different sources in
pigs. S. Nitrayova* 1 , W. Windisch 2 , E. von Heimendahl 3 ,
A. Müller 3 , and J. Bartelt 3 , 1 Animal Production Research
Centre Nitra, Institute of Nutrition, Nitra, Slovakia, 2 Animal
Nutrition, Center of Life and Food Sciences, TU München,
Munich, Germany, 3 Lohmann Animal Health GmbH, Cuxhaven,
Germany.
In contrast to inorganic zinc, organic Zn sources are
absorbed via peptide or amino acid transport systems
resulting in a higher digestibility and availability.
Bioavailability of organically bound Zn seems also to be
influenced by the type of complex being used. 42 gilts
(Large white x Landrace) with initial body weight of 24 ±
1.4 kg were allotted to 6 treatments. Pigs received cornbarley-soy
based diets containing either low or high zinc
supplementation with ZnO (1, 2), zinc methionine 1:2
complex consisting of 1 part zinc and 2 parts DL-methionine
(3), zinc glycinate (4), zinc proteonate (5) and zinc yeast
(6). Diets were fed during the 10 d experimental (EP)
XII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON
DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF PIGS
75
Session II
and the 4 d quantitative collection period (BP). The daily
feed intake was restricted to 1400 g/animal. Body weight
was determined at the start and end of EP and BP. Feed
consumption was monitored on daily base during EP and
BP. Data were analyzed using 2 way randomized block
ANOVA, Scheffé multiple comparisons, P ≤ 0.05. Dietary
Zn addition (mg/kg feed) was 10 or 100 for ZnO and 10 for
all other groups. Analyzed Zn content in feed (mg/kg) was
52, 175, 82, 53, 68 and 84 resulting in a daily Zn intake
of 72.5 a , 244.6 d , 115.4 c , 74.1 a , 92.7 b and 117.8 c for diet
1–5. Corresponding weight gain (g/d) was 437 a , 564 b , 559 b ,
550 ab , 504 ab , 587 b . Apparent Zn digestibility and retention
(%) was highest for the Zn methionine 1:2 (51.6 b , 51.0 b )
followed by Zn yeast (45.9 ab , 45.3 ab ). There was a trend for
lower digestibility and retention of Zn proteonate (39.3 ab ,
38.7 ab ), 100 ppm ZnO (38.2 ab , 37.8 ab ) and Zn glycinate
(27.2 ab , 26.4 ab ). The lowest Zn digestibility and retention was
observed for diet supplemented with 10 ppm ZnO (17.2 a ,
16.4 a ). This is in accordance with literature showing higher
availability of organically bound zinc. Organically bound
Zn in particular Zn from zinc methionine 1:2 complex and
zinc yeast can replace higher dosages of zinc oxide due to
better bioavailability. Furthermore, the kind of chelate can
have an impact on Zn retention.
Key words: zinc, pig, bioavailability
1096 effect of soybean meal origin on standardized
ileal amino acid digestibilities in piglets. M. Eklund* 1 ,
N. Sauer 1 , F. Rink 1 , M. Rademacher 2 , and R. Mosenthin 1 ,
1 Institute of Animal Nutrition, Universtiy of Hohenheim,
70593 Stuttgart, Germany, 2 Evonik Industries AG, 63457
Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany.
Soybean meal (SBM) is the principal protein source in diets
for pigs in Western and Central Europe, although there is
only limited soybean cultivation in this area. The present
study with piglets was conducted to estimate standardized
ileal digestibilities (SID) of AA in European Union soybean
meal imports sourced from Argentina, Brazil and the United
States. Twelve piglets with an average initial BW of 9
kg were fitted with a simple ileal T-cannula to determine
SID of AA in 4 batches of SBM originating either from
Argentina (n = 1), Brazil (n = 1) or the United States (n =
2; US1, US2). A semi-synthetic diet based on cornstarch
and casein (125 g casein/kg as-fed) was supplemented
with 1 of the 4 SBM batches at an inclusion rate of 235
g SBM/kg (as-fed) each. The contribution of CP and AA
from casein and from each of the assay feed ingredients
to the assay diet averaged approximately 50%. Each diet
was fed to 6 animals according to a row-column design with
2 experimental periods. The SID of AA were calculated by
means of the difference method. The chemical composition
of the SBM was similar, with CP contents ranging from 458
in Argentinean to 461 g/kg (as-fed) in US1 SBM, and NDF
contents ranging from 86 in US1 to 117 g/kg (as-fed) in
Brazilian SBM. The Lys contents in the assay SBM ranged
from 28 g/kg (as-fed) for Brazilian to 30 g/kg (as-fed) for
US1 SBM. The SID of indispensable AA varied between
74% for Trp in US2 and Brazilian SBM up to 91% for Arg
in US2, Brazilian and Argentinean SBM, respectively. The
SID of dispensable AA ranged from 64% for Cys in US2