Philip II and Alexander the Great: Father and Son ... - Historia Antigua

294 NOTES TO PAGES 184–191
34. Varner 2004: 1–20 sums up how decapitation of statues increasingly
characterizes damnatio memoriae in the Principate.
35. 5.1.10. Valerius’ use of diuinus princeps to refer to Julius Caesar is
an intriguing anachronism—divinity and supreme power are being
applied retrospectively.
36. Cf. 7.2 ext. 10, where poor judgment characterizes Alexander’s
rule, and Philip’s conquests are mercenary rather than military achievements.
37. Horace Epistles 2.1.156–57. See also Jones et al. 1995, passim.
38. My thanks go fi rst to this volume’s editors, but also to the anonymous
readers, and Gideon Nisbet, for intellectual support and advice
throughout.
Chapter 17
I am grateful to Elizabeth Carney for her gracious invitation to speak at
the “Philip II and Alexander III: Father, Son, and Dunasteia” conference
at Clemson University. I also thank Brian Bosworth for the reference and
comments on Arrian during my paper discussion.
1. Starting with the work of Ernst Badian (e.g., 1958; 1964). Gene Borza’s
introduction to Wilcken 1967 (pages ix–xxviii) is a still valuable survey
for the history of Alexander studies through the late 1960s.
2. For the Alexander-myth in Greece, Rome, and beyond, starting points
are Badian 1976 and Goukowsky 1978–81; see also Carlsen, Due, Steen-Due,
and Poulsen, eds. 1993; Baynham 1998; Bosworth and Baynham 2000;
Spencer 2002; Koulakiotis 2006; Stoneman 2008.
3. David Hogarth’s admiring work on Philip (1897) was ahead of its
time; see also Hammond 1994. Philip’s reputation began to increase
hugely with Manolis Andronicos’ discovery of a luxurious tomb in
Macedonia that has been attributed to him (see, e.g., Andronicos 1977;
1978; 1981), although to the dissent of some (e.g., Lehmann 1980;
1981; 1982; Prestianni Giallombardo and Tripodi 1980; Adams
1980).
4. The locus classicus is Third Philippic 30–31. See Asirvatham 2009
now for discussion.
5. As is well known, Alexander “the Great,” was a Roman invention.
The epithet magnus was attributed to the Macedonian king fi rst by Plautus
in the third or second century B.C. ( Most. 775), and then adopted in his
honor by Pompey, on whom see Stewart 2003: 57.
6. The most infl uential being Droysen (1833), who saw Philip as unifi
er but Alexander as world-mover, and, in the anglophone world, Tarn
(1948), who saw Alexander as world-unifi er.