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(1989) “Panegyric, History and Hagiography in Eusebius’ Life of Con stan tin e” in R. Williams (ed.), The Makin g of Orthodoxy: Essays in Hon our of Hen ry Chadw ick (Cambridge), 94-123 (1992) “Praetorian Prefects, 337-361” ZPE 94 (1992) 249-260 Reprinted in From Eusebius to Augustin e: Selected Papers 1982-1993 XIII Variorum (1993) Athan asius an d Constan tius: Theology an d Politics in the Con stan tin ian Em pire. Harvard. (1994) “The Religious Affiliation of Consuls and Prefects, 317-361.” in From Eusebius to Augustin e: Selected Papers 1982-1993 VII Variorum (1995) 135-147 (1995) “Statistics and the Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy.” JRS 85 Baynes, N.H. (1972) Con stan tin e the Great an d the Christian Church. (The Raleigh Lecture on History 1929) ( 2 nd ed., with preface by H. Chadwick; London) (1987) 29-41 Birley, A.R. (1987) “Some Notes on the Donatist Schism.” Libyan Studies 18 Bowersock, G.W. et al (eds) (1999) Late Antiquity: A guide to eh postclassical w orld. Harvard. Boyd, W.K. (1905) The Ecclesiastical Edicts of the Theodosian Code. New York. Bradbury , S. (1994) “Constantine and the Problem of anti-Pagan Legislation in the Fourth Century.” Classical Philology 89 (1994) 120-139 London Brown, P.R.L. (1967) Augustin e of Hippo: a biography. Faber and Faber. (1981) The Cult of the Saints: Its Rise an d Fun ction in Latin Christian ity. SCM, 277
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Religious Intolerance in the Later
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The Valentiniani: Valentinian I 364
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intolerance; indeed, on this model,
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commissioners in an equally short a
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cannot be excluded, with the conseq
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Constantine and the Church CTh. 16.
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CTh. 16.2.4 of 3 July 321 was addre
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emphasis on local elites serving th
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laws.” 32 Then the law changed it
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superstitioni an official stamp of
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tones; there was little room for fa
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and not to “heretics and schismat
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natural law. The law also refers to
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existing (lost) law. The law prohib
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addressees own sensibilities certai
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little to suggest that Constantius
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does say in simpler terms). But wha
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exercise an undue influence, or pow
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valued moderation in law. An inscri
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16.10.2 that the earlier prohibitio
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that Magnentius was favourable to p
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August 339. The language of the law
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poen a capitis “capital punishmen
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CTh 9.16.5 of 4 December 357, which
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high rank” were exempt from tortu
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loyalty to his faith and emperor an
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privilege and also to the types of
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and therefore as exempt because it
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the use of fraudulent tricks,” 20
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administrative arrangement such as
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Conclusion The surviving legislatio
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Chapter 2: Constantine and the Dona
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confined to the east, ordered sacri
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their deaths as well as organising
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Constantine ordered the restoration
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eferences to clerics who did not co
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that, considering the letters prese
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pronounced Caecilian’s good name
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had not conformed to the judgement
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sacred religion”. It looks as if,
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intensity and range of such ‘shar
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of God was such that even at this l
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and therefore Caecilian’s enthron
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Donatists’ case against Caecilian
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Although in this letter the bulk of
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the instructions of a greater (and
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Nevertheless the next step was inde
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was not an agent for the Church, bu
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possibly to impose a curfew on them
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Therefore, the persecutions proved
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e under, although he did draw atten
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Church was always regarded as valid
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“heresy and schism proceeds from
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Chapter 3: The Valentiniani Jovian:
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Alexandria and, moreover, Jovian sa
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clerics who had been banished by Co
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unknown, but Jovian did receive suc
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n ecks of his subjects to his ow n
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also included those of “adequate
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determine whether “such extreme h
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account of the day of Easter, which
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From his legislation it seems fairl
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Continents” from visiting the hom
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CTh 16.2.21 of May 371 was addresse
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that Ursinus himself was exiled, bu
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In order for the “greatest harmon
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Olybrius and Aginatius and the dupl
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each of their successors, Ampelius
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either by divine providence or by n
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ark was worse than its bite, is mos
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he was about to launch a campaign a
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province, and it’s grain, against
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Valentinian and Heretics CTh 16.5.3
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Urban Prefect, but it may well be r
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for his cruelty when he was Procons
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AVGGG. No title is given for Euther
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to in CTh. 9.16.9. Also, and at the
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Valens 364-378 In contrast to his b
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the clergy who engaged in business
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The effects of CTh 16.2.19 may well
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under Valens. 202 Lenski’s argume
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evealed a bigger plot by an ex gove
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two cases show that Constantine's C
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Modestus returned the next day to e
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Conclusion Modestus thus appears to
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CTh 16.2.23 of 17 May 376 was issue
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CTh. 15.7.8 of 8 May 381 was issued
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have been necessary for the actress
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The law “condemn[ed] the false do
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matters of ecclesiastical disciplin
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deserved” 273 which was that he s
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More interesting though is the atta
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stated in this law, would have been
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property to another who would then
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facilitating the conversion of Chri
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Heretics appear to have been the gr
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against apostates; 5 nine were on p
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“smitten first by divine vengeanc
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expectation for the future progress
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sanctity of the divine law commit s
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9.38.3 of 367 Valentinian had order
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have been disinclined to give him o
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emperor said that “A bishop is no
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Constantinople council also arrange
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contributed to its composition. Ind
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Const. Sirm. 3 of 4 February 384 to
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laws prescribe” i.e. with torture
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ecause this amnesty refers to freei
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eaction to a perceived assault on t
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loyalty to Theodosius. It would be
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for replacements on the councils. 1
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dismissive attitude towards Christi
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advantage and all judges that it sh
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interestingly, the law (or more acc
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monasteries had been established in
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disadvantageous to clerics, but at
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Tatianus. 151 The law prohibited ap
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also “ignored the admonition of t
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Conclusion: Theodosius and the Chur
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the legislation on monks in the cod
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Theodosius and Heretics. As has alr
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giving a list of bishops as had bee
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hold unlawful assemblies within the
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espond to an immediate need and was
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einforce the illegality of such ass
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monasticism. In its introductory pa
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control of the west from the usurpe
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opening: om n es om n in o “all p
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The law then went on to detail the
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ishops if they had fraternised with
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and without the Catholic faith “w
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eginning of Theodosius' reign. Firs
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although it should be noted that no
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whether the law should indeed be ta
Page 273 and 274: property. Like that previous law, t
Page 275 and 276: Although it does not actually say s
Page 277 and 278: with clubs and condemned to deporta
Page 279 and 280: CTh. 16.5.23 of 20 June 394 was iss
Page 281 and 282: natural loss of the texts (which do
Page 283 and 284: Theodosius and Judaism Theodosius o
Page 285 and 286: CTh. 3.7.2 of 14 March 388 was also
Page 287 and 288: een welcomed by both communities, e
Page 289 and 290: forbidden by no law.” As such, Th
Page 291 and 292: society, they were, in some sense,
Page 293 and 294: CTh. 16.7.2 of 20 May 383 was addre
Page 295 and 296: “profane holy baptism” they wer
Page 297 and 298: this law, were members of Flavianus
Page 299 and 300: eign, to genuinely attempt to maint
Page 301 and 302: protect all festivities that were t
Page 303 and 304: aspect of this law is that Dexter i
Page 305 and 306: immediately be compelled to pay fif
Page 307 and 308: “political clumsiness in the timi
Page 309 and 310: Such a manner of reading this law m
Page 311 and 312: cities. Decurions and defenders wer
Page 313 and 314: Conclusion - Theodosius As has been
Page 315 and 316: matter and nature of the law, then
Page 317 and 318: thereby, perhaps, it was thought th
Page 319 and 320: Mommsen, T. (1870) “Carm en codic
Page 321 and 322: The Interlinear King James V - New
Page 323: Secondary Sources Adler, C. and Sin
Page 327 and 328: Edwards, M. (2004a) “Rom anitas a
Page 329 and 330: Green, R.P.H. (1991) The Works of A
Page 331 and 332: 55 (1949) “The Roman civil servic
Page 333 and 334: Lockwood, R. (1989) “Poten s et F
Page 335 and 336: al.294-303. Nixon, C.E.V. (1998)
Page 337 and 338: Shaw, B. (1992) “African Christia
Page 339 and 340: Wiseman, T.P. and Holdsworth, C. (e
Page 341 and 342: emphasised that they amount to less
Page 343 and 344: A non-partisan emperor or individua
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