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86 RECOMMENDATIONS 3.3.3.4 Communication and Information Target group: All barges RECOMMENDATION Member Countries should determine minimum safety requirements for communications equipment onboard. Challenge Barges are not equipped with VHF equipment and communications and information exchange depends on mobile phone use. Mobile phone use is, however, restricted and some necessary navigation info is not shared with other waterway users. References • ISGINTT, Chapter 22. ACTIONS Technical and Management The barge should be equipped with the necessary communications systems to contact other vessels, terminals and ports. This means the installation of VHF equipment on the navigation bridge and the provision of a set of walkie-talkies, intrinsically safe in case of a tanker barge. The owner or operator should provide all necessary equipment to ensure the safe navigation and cargo operations. This involves the provision of communications equipment and trained crew in the use of this equipment. The crew should be made aware of the importance of correct communications and information exchange. All tankers at the terminal should be made aware of the local security, safety and pollution prevention regulations together with other regulations relating to the safety of shipping, which the appropriate port authority may issue. There should be an exchange of information before the tanker arrives at the terminal, on a number of matters including security information and information required by port and other authorities or the terminal. Before berthing, there should information exchange between the tanker and the terminal and/or pilot station. Completion of safe and efficient cargo, ballast and bunkering operations depends on cooperation and coordination between all parties involved. A lot of important information should be exchanged including at what level of tank filling the operations should be stopped in order to prevent overflow or exceeding MAWP. A safety checklist prior to any cargo operation must be filled in and signed by each party. To ensure the safe control of operations at all times, it should be the responsibility of parties, the tanker barge and the terminal, to establish a reliable communications system. When portable VHF systems are used, these should be intrinsically safe on the tanker barge and carried by the crewmember on duty and the terminal representative. In cases where fixed systems are used, these should be continuously manned. Before cargo operations start, the communications system should be tested. A secondary system should also be established with agreed signals "stand by", "start loading or discharging", "slow down", "stop loading or discharging" and "emergency stop". Another problem exists in case the crew and the terminal employees do not speak a common language, in which case a number of standard terms and signals must be used and understood by both parties in order to avoid any misunderstanding.
Institutional and Capacity Building VESSELS 87 The authority should implement the installation and use of VHF equipment on barges carrying dangerous goods. A radio call sign should be assigned to each barge equipped with VHF apparatus. A reporting system along the Mekong River should be established where all waterway traffic should inform the waterway authorities about the vessel's name and call sign, last port, destination, draught, cargo onboard and, in case of dangerous goods, the UN number and quantity, and the number of crewmembers. Crewmembers should follow training on how to use VHF equipment, in case different languages pose a communication problem. Use of Standard Marine Vocabulary might be considered. 3.3.4 Human Elements Target group: All barges 3.3.4.1 Manning Level and Training RECOMMENDATION Member Countries should establish minimum education requirements for operational-level and management-level crew serving on ships transporting dangerous goods. Challenge The minimum safe manning level of a ship, as defined by IMO Resolution A.890 [21], should take into account size and type, construction and equipment, cargo to be carried, trading area, operation in which the ship is involved, applicable work hour limits and rest requirements, training, skill and experience of the crewmembers. All are factors that endanger the safe operation of the vessel. The minimum safe manning level should be regulated by national or international legislation stating the minimum number of crew, their required qualifications, maximum consecutive working hours and minimum rest hours. The competence of crew involved in cargo operations, especially on tanker barges should be defined and assessed. This means making the profile for the job competence depending on the function of the crewmember onboard. The inland waterborne transport sector is an international sector where it is of utmost importance to create an equal level of quality for IWT personnel on the operational and management level. It should aim to have more structured cooperation and establish a harmonised education, training and certification system for inland waterway personnel to ensure high quality of trained staff onboard of vessels. In Europe, for example, 13 countries created Education in Inland Navigation (EDINNA) as an educational network of inland waterway (navigation) schools and training institutes at various levels. It is generally accepted that the majority of all accidents are linked to the human element. The following table, from the US Department of Transport (1995), defines and presents the percentage of dominant human errors cited in the analysis reviews from various sources.
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2 3 5.1 CARRIAGE, HANDLING AND STOR
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Key MRC staff, memb
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CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
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CONTENTS III 3.3.3.2 Safety Managem
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADN Acco
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ILO International Labor Organisatio
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PPE Personal Protective Equipment P
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DEFINITIONS Administration: means t
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DEFINITIONS XIII Loading arm: an ar
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS (
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1. FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDA
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FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDATIO
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FROM RISK ANALYSIS TO RECOMMENDATIO
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1.3.3 Enforcement and Compliance FR
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2. PORTS AND TERMINALS 2.1 INTRODUC
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HAZARD HOT WORK RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
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2.3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PREVENTION
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PORTS AND TERMINALS 15 The ISPS Cod
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ACTIONS Technical and Management PO
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PORTS AND TERMINALS 19 • OISD-STD
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ACTIONS Technical and Management (c
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ACTIONS Technical and Management PO
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PORTS AND TERMINALS 25 Fire and gas
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References ILO Code of Practice on
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For the segregation table the follo
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136 RECOMMENDATIONS The recommendat
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138 RECOMMENDATIONS Figure 20: The
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2 3 5.1 Office of the Secretariat i
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